Analyzing Value Discovery in Design Decisions Through Ethicography
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The document explores value discovery in design decisions within HCI and UX, focusing on the ethical implications of such practices. It outlines a study involving design tasks that required participants to engage with values and ethics collaboratively, documenting their interactions through a method called ethicography. The findings highlight the need for methodologies that facilitate designers' awareness of values and ethical considerations throughout the design process.
Analyzing Value Discovery in Design Decisions Through Ethicography
- 1. A A A A A A A A A A AA A A A A A A A A A AA A A A A AA B BC C A C C CC 1 249 682 7 9 90 3 4 7 100 1 5 93 7 111 2 5 87 122 8 963 4 130 5 864 140 21 3 SAI SHRUTHI CHIVUKULA, COLIN M. GRAY, & JASON BRIER PURDUE UNIVERSITY Analyzing Value Discovery in Design Decisions Through Ethicography
- 2. Exploration of critical/ ethical aspects in HCI & UX
- 3. Philosophical contributions SITUATIINGOURWORK CRITICALITY / ETHICAL CONCERNSWe prioritize practitioner-oriented perspectives on the situational quality of ethics and values. Practice HCI, STS and UX Design Literature
- 4. Philosophical contributions Methodological frameworks Practice SITUATIINGOURWORK HCI, STS and UX Design Literature In Design literature, methods often focus on minute-by-minute decision making In HCI and STS literature, methods often focus on value implementation and importance CRITICALITY / ETHICAL CONCERNSWe prioritize practitioner-oriented perspectives on the situational quality of ethics and values.
- 5. Philosophical contributions Methodological frameworks Practice HCI, STS and UX Design Literature SITUATIINGOURWORK ? Existing methods do not focus on value discovery CRITICALITY / ETHICAL CONCERNSWe prioritize practitioner-oriented perspectives on the situational quality of ethics and values. In Design literature, methods often focus on minute-by-minute decision making In HCI and STS literature, methods often focus on value implementation and importance
- 6. Aims Explore methodological issues relating to value identification and awareness, building upon previous value-focused methods. Describe how designers cpllaboratively operationalize and interact with values through specific exemplars 1 2
- 7. Aims Explore methodological issues relating to value identification and awareness, building upon previous value-focused methods. Describe how designers collaboratively operationalize and interact with values through specific exemplars 1 2
- 8. Lab Protocol Study Documenting designers’ discussions
- 9. LAB PROTOCOL DESIGN PRESENTATION SESSION DETAILS TOTAL: 60 MINS 5mins 45mins 10mins SOLVING DESIGN TASK INTRODUCTION PARTICIPANTS 4 GROUPS OF 3 EACH DESIGN TASK REDESIGN DONATION EXPERIENCE “BY WHATEVER MEANS POSSIBLE”
- 10. 8 sessions conducted sessions with design task 1 DATA COLLECTION 4 sessions with design task 24 participants per each session group3 students from UX and Industrial Design24 All sessions video recorded and transcribed
- 11. TWODESIGNTASKS LP1: Donations for Charity maximize conversion rates for a Houston-based charity "by any means necessary" LP2: Manipulative E-Commerce redesign the shopping experience of an online pharmacy website using language that explicitly asked the design students to "manipulate or deceive" the end user.
- 12. TWODESIGNTASKS LP1: Donations for Charity maximize conversion rates for a Houston-based charity "by any means necessary" LP2: Manipulative E-Commerce redesign the shopping experience of an online pharmacy website using language that explicitly asked the design students to "manipulate or deceive" the end user.
- 13. DATA ANALYSIS Method Transcripts (Participants, Speech Acts) Interaction Analysis Ethicograph analysis Ethicography (A method of value discovery) Thematic analysis of speech acts Description of Value Awareness & Discovery
- 14. ETHICOGRAPHY Linkography Visualize idea generation Link various conversations in design ideation Represent temporal component of ideation OUTCOMES
- 15. How to make linkography ethically-focused ?
- 16. ETHICOGRAPHY Value Orientations Two themes: Value Codes and Idea Codes Applies value codes: E/IVC and E/IMI Attributes idea codes: Problem, Solution, Rationale or Intended Behavior FOREGROUND BACKGROUND HELP USERPERSUADE USER EXPLICIT VALUE CENTERED (EVC) IMPLICIT VALUE CENTERED (IVC) EXPLICIT MANIPULATIVE (EMI) IMPLICIT MANIPULATIVE (EMI)
- 17. We applied these themes as layers over the linkograph to create an ethicograph How to make Linkography ethically-focussed?
- 18. Participants Value Codes Idea Codes Speech Act Link A B C Pe Si IB ETHICOGRAPHY Steps Step 1: Unitize speech acts 1 Step 2: Apply a value code 2 Step 3: Apply an idea code 3 Step 4: Form links 4
- 20. Aims Explore methodological issues relating to value identification and awareness, building upon previous value-focused methods. Describe how designers collaboratively operationalize and interact with values through specific exemplars 1 2
- 21. Participants Value Codes Idea Codes Speech Act Link A B C Pe Si IB ETHICOGRAPHY Value Identification Value Code Layer: Operationalize Values Idea Code Layer: Identify solutions generated Links: Relationship between values and ideas
- 22. IDENTIFIEDVALUES LP1: Donations for Charity Trust Automation Aesthetics Right to Information Security Flexibility Optimization Usability LP2: Manipulative E-Commerce Right to Information Usability Human Welfare Ownership
- 23. VALUES IDENTIFIED Right to InformationLP1 Right to provide all the information to the users of the website to attract donors and maximize the conversion rate. Infographics- Progress Bars, Real time update of their donation Visual Imagery- Images User stories before the "Donate" button SOLUTIONS GENERATED
- 24. A A A A A A A A A A AA A A A AA B BB B B C C A C CC C C 71 1 23 45 8 9 67 82 7 9 90 3 4 7 100 1 5 93 7 111 2 5 87 122 3 VALUES IDENTIFIED | EXAMPLE
- 25. A A A A A A A A A A AA A A A AA B BB B B C C A C CC C C 71 1 23 45 8 9 67 82 7 9 90 3 4 7 100 1 5 93 7 111 2 5 87 122 3 VALUES IDENTIFIED | EXAMPLE 11510573
- 26. VALUES IDENTIFIED Right to InformationLP1 Infographics: Progress Bars, Real time update of their donation Solutions Generated generally seeing progress bars, like helps initiate some kind of action from you...." "Progress bar can alert the user to the state of emergency, thereby guilting users to donate more money. Dark Intentions Designer Quotes Visual Imagery: Images Images could “toy” or play with user’s emotions , thereby encouraging users to donate to the charity people really don't want to spend money, but the thing is, if you really go through the path of, you know, emotions, that would definitely work" "
- 27. Discussion
- 28. Expanding Situated Knowledge of Pragmatist Ethics-in-Use This gives insights about methodological expansion for pragmatist ethics, rather than using ethics and values as handcuffs or prescriptions.
- 29. Persuasive Intentions in Ethical Engagement While these issues should ideally be taken up in design and UX education, we also propose the need for additional methods that allow designers to actively discover and engage with values throughout the design process.
- 30. Implications & Future Work Moving forward.
- 31. Critical Research Role Analysis Quantifying Ethicography Discourse Analysis
- 32. THANK YOU This research was funded in part by National Science Foundation Grant No. #1657310 SAI SHRUTHI CHIVUKULA uxp2.com cshruthi@purdue.edu