Android lollipop for developers

What’s new in lollipop?
The most important things you did not know about
.(by Royi Benyossef (+royiby

Who?
Royi benyossef.
● Android developer since 2008.
● GDG Herzeliya co-founder.
● Android speaker and lecturer.
● Android Mentor at CampusTLV.
● Android GDE 2013, 2014.
● Android group leader at Vidmind.
Shameless plug by Royi Benyossef (+royiby).

Motivation

What most people know?

Material design.

Android TV.

Android Auto.

Android AUTO.

ART.

ART

Project Volta.

More than 5000 APIs were changed.

Enough!

Point.
● Most people know:
○ Very little.
○ Titles only.
○ No action items.

Point.
Is that helpful?

Point.

Let’s get started.
Down to
business.

Security
Few changes to make your app and
the device safer.

Security - Service
Context.bindService()
Requires explicit intent (no intent filters)

Security - Token
MediaSession.Token
Identifies a MediaSession securely and
with thread safety.

Security - WebView
API level 21:
● No cookies!
● No Mixed content!

Security - WebView
API level 21:
● setAcceptThirdPartyCookies()
● setMixedContentMode()

Security - WebView
API < 21:
● Allows cookies and mixed content.
● All content loaded at once.

Security - WebView
API level 21:
● Can load all content at once.
enableSlowWholeDocumentDraw()

Security - permissions
Custom permissions uniqueness is checked
cross apps.

Security - permissions
Only one app can use a custom permission
at a time.

Security - TLS/SSL
● TLSv1.2, TLSv1.1
● Cipher suites:
a. AES-GCM (AEAD).
b. MD5, 3DES, export, and static key ECDH.
c. Forward Secrecy (ECDHE and DHE).

Security - Provisioning
Device admin.
Control provisioning of apps on device.

Security - Admin
ACTION_PROVISION_MANAGED_PROFIL
E
Intent to trigger provision apps and actions.

Security - Admin
onProfileProvisioningComplete()
callback event for provisioning completion.

Security - Admin
setProfileEnabled()
enableSystemApp()
Actions possible upon provisioning.

Security - Provisioning
Device owner.
Mainly for education, allows controlling devices
operations remotely.

Security - owner
Screen pinning
Temporary restriction of users.
● Status bar blank.
● No notifications.
● Home & recents are hidden.
● User locked in app.

Security - owner
Manual Screen pinning
Settings > Security > Screen Pinning

Security - owner
Programmatic Screen pinning
● startLockTask()
● setLockTaskPackages()

Security
Concept:
● More control.
● more security.
● Better tools.

User interface
Changes and updates to facilitate better UI
and UX.

UI - documents
concept: Facilitating multitasking and
easing use by easy switching between
concurrent activities.

UI - documents
How do i create a new document?

UI - documents
startActivity() +
FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_DOCUMENT
= new document.

UI - documents
<activity> +
documentLaunchMode = intoExisting
= new document (refreshes existing).

UI - documents
<activity> +
documentLaunchMode = always
= new document (start new one -
ALWAYS).

UI - documents
Some attributes to use.

UI - documents
<application>+android:maxRecents
Limit max instances.

UI - documents
<application>+
android:persistableMode
Do you want state to persist across
reboots?

UI - documents
setTaskDescription()
Do you want the activity to look different
once called from
recents?

UI - WebView
Version:
Chromium M37.
Default header-agent:
37.0.0.0.

UI - WebView
Concept:
● security.
● access.

UI - WebView
PermissionRequest
Allows access to secured hardware
(camera, microphone).

UI - WebView
onShowFileChooser()
Allows access to images and files
from storage.

UI - capturing & sharing
Concept: capture screen easily and
securely for better sharing.

createScreenCaptureIntent()
Ask permission to capture display.

createVirtualDisplay()
Capture content.

UI - Material design
Concept: create real-looking UI and
UX.

RecyclerView
Like ListView only without pulling your
hairs out.

View shadows:
consistent to elevations
just like real life.

Transition animations and effects:
Fun.
Dynamic.
Flowing.

View state based property
animators:
Control your animations better for a
stronger effect.

XML vector graphics:
Make your designers happy.

Image color detection:
Color your app according to the
content!

Palette.generateAsync(bitmap, new Palette.PaletteAsyncListener() {
public void onGenerated(Palette palette) {
// Do something with colors...
}
});

Notifications
More secure.
More places.
More actions.

Lock screen Notifications
setVisibility()
Sets the desired privacy level.

VISIBILITY_PUBLIC
Shows everything.

VISIBILITY_SECRET
Shows nothing (not even the icon).

VISIBILITY_PRIVATE
Shows basic information.
Allows alternate message with;
setPublicVersion()

Notifications meta data
New data to be set in notifications.

setCategory()
How to handle your notification in priority
mode.

setPriority()
Example: MAX or high priority will appear in a
small popup.

addPerson()
Connect notification to a person and not an
app.

Tools and APIs.
Infrastructural API changes for efficiency,
performance and security.

Project Volta
Helps developers preserve battery life.

Project Volta
● JobScheduler (+ JobInfo).
Request system to schedule jobs by event,
urgency or deadline.

Project Volta
JobInfo uploadTask = new JobInfo.Builder(mJobId,
mServiceComponent /* JobService component */)
.setRequiredNetworkCapabilities(JobInfo.NetworkType.UNMETERED)
.build();
JobScheduler jobScheduler =
(JobScheduler)
context.getSystemService(Context.JOB_SCHEDULER_SERVICE);
jobScheduler.schedule(uploadTask);

Project Volta
● Battery Historian & dumpsys batterystat.
○ Battery history & projection.
○ Mobile ms per packet.
*https://github.com/google/battery-historian

Project Volta
$ adb shell dumpsys batterystats --charged <package-name>

Project Volta
What’s in it
for me?

Volta - motivation
● Growth in wearables usage.
● Better battery usage stats on devices.

Graphics
Concept: OpenGL ES 3.1++

Graphics - OpenGL ES 3.1
● Compute Shaders.
● Separate shader objects.
● Indirect drawing.
● Textures (stencils and multisample).

Graphics - Android ext. pack
● Fragment shader support.
● Tessellation & Geometry shaders.
● ASTC (LDR) texture support.
● Per-shader actions and blend modes.

ART
● AOD compilation.
● Improved GC.

ART - at risk
● JNI with C/C++.
● Non-standard tools.
● Obfuscators.

64-bit NDK
● Full 32-bit support.
● increased address space.
● improved performance:
○ OpenGL ES (3.1).
○ OpenSSL.

Media

Media - Camera
Concept:
● Backward compatible
● Easy to use.
● Async.
● Threadsafe.

Media - Camera
● Get cameras.
getCameraIdList()

Media - Camera
● Use a camera.
openCamera()

Media - Camera
● Create a session (single-shot, burst, etc.).
CameraCaptureSession

Media - Camera
● Get notified when a picture is captured
with the result.
CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback
onCaptureCompleted()
CaptureResult

Media - Camera
● Be aware of the hardware.
CameraCharacteristics
INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL

Media - Camera
INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL_LEGA
CY
Minimum support (like old Camera API)

Media - Camera
INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL_FUL
L
Full support:
● Manual control.
● Post processing.
● HD.
● High frame rates.

Media - Audio
Concept:
● Accurate.
● Convenient.
● Efficient.

Media - Audio
AudioTrack
Supply data in ENCODING_PCM_FLOAT
format for accuracy and as a ByteBuffer.

Media - Audio
AudioTrack
Supply as a ByteBuffer for convenience.

Media - Audio
AudioTrack
Use WRITE_NON_BLOCKING for easy
buffering and multithreading.

Media - playback control
RemoteControlClient is dead, long
live MediaSession and
MediaController!!!

MediaSession
Unified interface for all playback controls on
Wear, TV and more.

MediaSession.Token
Identifies a MediaSession securely and
with thread safety.

MediaController.TransportControls
sends actions.

MediaController.Callback.
gets responses.

Media - Browsing
Browse the content library of any app
that allows it.

Media - Browsing
MediaBrowserService
Create a MediaSession identified by a
MediaSession.Token to connect to a
MediaBrowser.

Storage
Concept:
From files to documents.

Storage
DocumentsProvider
Handles access to all documents in
the system.

Storage
OPEN_DOCUMENT_TREE
Intent filter to open a directory.

Storage
buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree()
buildDocumentUriUsingTree()
Browse documents.

Storage
createDocument()
renameDocument()
deleteDocument()
Guess!

Storage
MediaScannerConnection
Scan for new content on device.

Connectivity
Concept:
redundancy and energy efficiency.

Connectivity - multiple
Concept:
Scan for best network and connect
to more than one dynamically.

ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback
Get results for an applicable
NetworkRequest.

requestNetwork()
Connect upon discovery.

registerNetworkCallback()
Get notified upon discovery.

onAvailable() + Network
Get information regarding found network
upon discovery.

Connectivity - BLE
Concept: you can be a Bluetooth
low energy peripheral device.
*BLUETOOTH_ADMIN

Connectivity - BLE
startAdvertising() + AdvertiseCallback
Advertise yourself.

Connectivity - BLE
ScanFilter + startScan() + ScanCallback
Search for others.

Connectivity - NFC
Concept:
Less hassle, more punch.

Connectivity - NFC
invokeBeam()
Beam called, no tap required.

Connectivity - NFC
createTextRecord()
Create an NDEF record with UTF-8

Connectivity - NFC
registerAidsForService() +
setPreferredService()
Register an AID (NFC app ID) dynamically.

Printing frameworks.
Concept: better enterprise
capabilities.

Printing frameworks.
Render PDF as bitmap with
PdfRenderer

Developer perks
A few updates for testing, statistics
and accessibility.

App usage stats.
Concept:
Knowledge is power.

App usage stats.
android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STA
TS
● Last usage.
● total uptime.
● Last time in foreground.
● Last config change.

Testing
Concept:
Testing makes perfect.

Testing
getWindowAnimationFrameStats()
getWindowContentFrameStats()
frame statistics for instrumentation tests.

Testing
executeShellCommand()
adb for instrumentation tests.

Accessibility
Concept:
More clients… more money.

Accessibility - details
UiAutomator.getWindows()
Details about what the user “sees”.

Accessibility - actions
AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction
actions (custom and standard) to be defined
to take place on AccessibilityNodeInfo

Accessibility - voice
New Voice class with locale specific
profiles for better voice recognition.

● A lot is different.
Key points
Hybrid apps - what, when and why?

“We Should Be Building Great Things.
Things That Don’t yet Exist”

I hope you liked it.
Thank you for listening
by Royi Benyossef

Android lollipop for developers

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