Android is an open source, Linux-based operating system developed by Google. It has several advantages including easily accessible apps on the Google Play Store, ability to multitask, and good notification handling. However, it also has disadvantages such as needing an internet connection, inviting hackers due to open source code, and potential for viruses. Android has gone through several versions from Cupcake to Oreo, with each release focusing on improvements to user experience, security, and new features.