Anesthesia Machine.pdf are most important
- 1. Anesthesia Machine KHUDEEJA ZAMEER ANESTHESIA DEPARTMENT
- 2. Objectives • Anesthesia Machine • Laryngoscope • Suction • Oral Airway
- 3. Anesthesia Machine • A medical device used to deliver anesthetic gases and other medications to patients during surgical procedures or other medical interventions where anesthesia is required. • The machine allows anesthesiologists to control the delivery of gases such as oxygen, nitrous oxide, and volatile anesthetic agents like isoflurane or sevoflurane, as well as intravenous medications.
- 7. Key Components Of An Anesthesia Machine • Gas Sources: These machines are connected to medical gas sources such as oxygen, nitrous oxide, and sometimes air, which are essential for maintaining patient oxygenation and facilitating anesthesia. • Flowmeters: Flowmeters allow the precise control of gas flow rates, enabling the delivery of the desired concentration of gases to the patient
- 8. • Vaporizers: Vaporizers are devices that mix volatile anesthetic agents with carrier gases, delivering a controlled concentration of the anesthetic agent to the patient. Different vaporizers are used for different volatile agents. • Breathing Circuit: The breathing circuit connects the patient to the anesthesia machine. It includes components such as tubes, valves, and connectors, through which gases are delivered to the patient and exhaled gases are removed
- 9. • Ventilator: Many modern anesthesia machines are equipped with ventilators to assist or control the patient's breathing during anesthesia. These ventilators can be set to deliver specific tidal volumes and respiratory rates. • Monitoring Devices: Anesthesia machines often include monitors to measure and display parameters such as oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry), end-tidal carbon dioxide (capnography), blood pressure, and electrocardiogram (ECG). These monitors help the anesthesia provider.
- 10. Checking Anesthesia Machine 1. Check the scavenging : Check that there is an air break and that it is connected to the scavenging system. 2. Check the oxygen supply Check that the oxygen cylinder is firmly attached. 3. Connecting pipeline gas: If pipeline gas is available, plug the oxygen pipeline into a wall socket; this will make the alarm sound briefly. 4. Check the vaporizer. Check that the vaporizer(s) is locked into position and is seated properly on the back bar. 5.Check for leaks in the system. Check the machine for leaks by covering the common gas outlet with your thumb.
- 11. Checking Anesthesia Machine • Resetting the station: • Check that the anesthetic machine, vaporizer(s), oxygen and nitrous oxide. • Cylinders are all turned off . • Check that the oxygen and nitrous oxide flow meters have all been turned off. • Unplug the oxygen & nitrous oxide pipeline. • Leave the work space clean and tidy.
- 12. • Safety Features: To ensure the delivery of anesthesia is controlled and safe. These may include oxygen and nitrous oxide failure alarms, pressure relief valves, and fail-safe mechanisms to prevent delivery of excessive anesthetic concentrations
- 13. Laryngoscope • A laryngoscope is a medical instrument used to examine the larynx (voice box), including the vocal cords, and surrounding structures like the back of the throat, often used during procedures like endotracheal intubation. • Purpose : Laryngoscopes are used to visualize the larynx, which is essential for diagnosing and treating conditions affecting the voice box, such as hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, or persistent coughs.
- 18. Parts of Laryngoscope • Handle: The handle of a laryngoscope is usually made of metal or plastic and is designed to provide a comfortable grip for the operator. It contains batteries or a rechargeable power source to illuminate the blade.
- 19. • Blade: The blade of a laryngoscope is the part that is inserted into the patient's mouth to view the larynx and vocal cords. It is typically made of metal and comes in various shapes and sizes. • Light Source: Laryngoscope blades are equipped with a light source, usually an incandescent bulb or light-emitting diode (LED), that illuminates the area being visualized. The light source is powered by the batteries or power source in the handle.
- 21. Types of Laryngoscopes • Direct Laryngoscope: Traditional laryngoscopes with a handle, blade, and light source. • Video Laryngoscope: Advanced laryngoscopes equipped with a miniature camera at the tip of the blade, allowing the operator to view the airway on a screen instead of directly through the eyepiece. Video laryngoscopes may be beneficial in cases of difficult airways or limited visibility.
- 22. Uses of Laryngoscope ➢ Before using the laryngoscope, the blade should be checked to ensure that it is clean and free of any debris or damage. The light source should also be checked to ensure proper illumination. ➢ The patient's head should be positioned appropriately to facilitate visualization of the larynx. This may involve extending the neck and placing the patient in the "sniffing position" to align the oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal axes. ➢ The operator inserts the blade into the patient's mouth and gently lifts the tongue and soft tissues to expose the larynx and vocal cords. The light from the laryngoscope illuminates the area, providing a clear view for the operator. ➢ Once the larynx is visualized, an endotracheal tube or other airway device may be inserted through the vocal cords for mechanical ventilation or airway management
- 23. Oral Airway • An oral airway, also known as an oropharyngeal airway or Guedel airway, is a medical device used to maintain or open a patient's airway by preventing the tongue from obstructing the airway. • Purpose: The primary function of an oral airway is to prevent the tongue from falling back and obstructing the airway, which can occur in unconscious or sedated patients.
- 25. Laryngeal Mask Airway • Laryngeal mask airways (LMA) are supraglottic airway devices. They may be used as a temporary method to maintain an open airway during the administration of anesthesia or as an immediate life- saving measure in a patient with a difficult or failed airway.
- 28. Suction machine • A biomedical equipment use in OT to remove secretion and fluids from surgical field and in anesthesia to remove secretion from throat before intubation by using negative pressure in it as same as vacuum cleaner in houses. • A suction machine, also known as an aspirator, is a medical device used to remove obstructions like mucus, saliva, blood, or secretions from a person's airway.