Ansc 107 lecture-lecture_1 (1)
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This document discusses the importance of domesticated animals. It notes that every country uses livestock as a source of food, byproducts for goods and animal feed, draft power, and manure for fuel and fertilizer. It also discusses trends in agricultural productivity over time in the US, with productivity doubling every 10-30 years after World War II. This led to increased livestock production and lower costs of animal products for consumers. The document also touches on the debate around human/animal food competition given increasing global population.
Ansc 107 lecture-lecture_1 (1)
- 2. Importance of Domesticated Animals • Animal domestication • • Animal/human relationship • What do animals provide? • • What do humans provide? •
- 3. Importance of Domesticated Animals •Every country in the world uses domestic livestock as a source of: • Food • • by-products used for: • consumer goods and animal feeds • Draft power • Manure for fuel and fertilizer • •
- 6. Food Selection vs Food Supply • What determines how much animal protein a population consumes? • • • • Animal protein availability is closely related to the economic status of the people and their agricultural technology • This is true: • When discussing countries • When discussing populations within country • Developing regions (SE Asia, Africa, etc) diets are primarily of plant origin
- 7. Food Selection vs Food Supply • Per capita calorie and protein supply • An index of food availability • Large differences exist between • developed countries • developing countries
- 11. Trends Related To Percentage of The Population Involved in Agriculture • Countries with a small percentage of their population involved in agriculture: • • • • Farm mechanization allows: • Increased food production • • Production of goods and services Thus increasing the standard of living in the country
- 12. U.S. Agricultural Production • Agricultural productivity doubled from 1820 to 1920 • 100 years • 1920 to 1950 it doubled again • 30 years • 1950-1965 it doubled again • 15 years • 1965-1975 it doubled again • 10 years • After World War II • Productivity increased 5 fold in only 30 years • Abundant production of feed grains • Increased livestock production • Lower cost of animal products for the human population
- 14. U.S. Food Expenditures • In the U.S.: • Releasing people from producing their own food has allowed them to increase their per capita income • • U.S. consumers allocate a smaller percentage of their disposable income to food than do people in other countries • Has food prices inflated at the same rate as most other goods and services? What does the mean to the US Rancher & Farmer?
- 17. Importance of Meat as a Food Source • Amino Acid pattern • Amino acids • • A, B, C analogy • Scenario 1 • 100 A, 100 B, 100 C • Scenario 2 • 100 A, 50 B, 25 C • Pattern of amino acids in meat more closely resembles that of human muscle than does the pattern in plant protein • Vitamin B12 • •
- 18. Human/Animal Food Competition • World Agricultural land • About 2/3 is pasture or rangeland • 60% of this land is not suitable for row cropping • This pasture can be used to grow forages that can be consumed by ruminants • Convert to human usable, high quality protein • US Agricultural land • 44% of total land area used for grazing • Only supports 40% of cattle population • Where are the remainder • Could support much more if managed intensively • Ruminants make use of forages that would otherwise be useless to make high quality animal protein for human consumption
- 20. Human/Animal Food Competition • World Population Continues to Increase • Many are concerned about animal/human food competition • • More acres of cropland are required to feed each person when diets high in animal products are consumed • The debate over this issue will only increase Figure 1.6 Past, present, and projected world population. Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
- 22. Increased Efficiency •Efficiency • Ability to convert input to product •What led to the increases • Research •Current trends are to decrease government spending on research
- 23. What Other Contributions Do Animals Make to Society • Products • Wool, mohair, hides, etc. • Synthetics have decreased demand • Animal waste used as fertilizers • $1 billion per year in value • Tallow • Gelatin
- 24. What Other Contributions Do Animals Make to Society • Draft Power • In developing countries, animals provide virtually all of the power for agriculture • 20% of the worlds population depend on animals to move goods • Developing countries • 52% of draft power from animals • 26% from humans
- 25. What Other Contributions Do Animals Make to Society • Recreation