Antilock Braking System using Neural Network
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The document discusses anti-lock braking systems (ABS) and how neural networks can be used to control ABS. It first defines ABS and explains how it works to prevent wheel lockup during braking by monitoring wheel speed and modulating brake pressure. It then discusses types of ABS and the components of an ABS system. The document proposes using a neural network-based hybrid controller to improve ABS performance over different road conditions by adapting to changes in friction. It concludes that ABS improves vehicle control and reduces stopping distances compared to non-ABS systems.
Antilock Braking System using Neural Network
- 1. Under The Guidance of: Prof. A G Thakur Presented By: Navneet Kumar Dwivedi
- 2. Introduction. What is ABS??? What is Neural Network??? Types OF ABS. Components of ABS. ABS closed control loop. Control of ABS using Neural Network. Advantages & Disadvantages of ABS. Conclusion & Future Scope.
- 3. Need For Advanced Braking System 10% of road accidents due to wheel locking in emergency situations. Vehicle is not steerable during hard braking. To increase driver concentration over steering than on braking in panic situations. Introduced in 1981 in commercial vehicles.(Germany) 3
- 4. Wheel Slippage, is the wheel speed in relation to vehicle speed. If vehicle speed is faster than the wheel speed slippage is negative and the wheel may become lock-up If vehicle speed is slower than wheel speed. Wheel slippage is positive. Positive wheel slippage occurs when a wheel is spinning. The best braking action occurs at between 10-20%. If vehicle speed and wheel speed is the same wheel slippage is 0% A lock-up wheel will have a wheel slippage of 100%
- 5. Objectives of ABS To reduce stopping distance. To improve stability To improve steer ability during braking In fact, the basic function of an ABS is to monitor the operating condition of the tire and to control the applied braking torque by modulating the brake pressure so as to prevent the tire from becoming locked.
- 6. What is ABS & How it works? Antilock braking systems (ABSs) are electronic systems that monitor and control wheel slip during vehicle braking. ABSs can improve vehicle control during braking, and reduce stopping distances on slippery road surfaces by limiting wheel slip and minimizing lockup. An ABS consists of several key components: electronic control unit (ECU), wheel speed sensors, modulator valves, and exciter rings. All these together work for vehicle safety.
- 7. What is Neural network ??? Overview In general a biological neural network is composed of a group or groups of chemically connected or functionally associated neurons. A single neuron may be connected to many other neurons and the total number of neurons and connections in a network may be extensive Artificial intelligence and cognitive modeling try to simulate some properties of neural networks. While similar in their techniques, the former has the aim of solving particular tasks, while the latter aims to build mathematical models of biological neural systems.
- 8. It can be used to extract patterns and detect trends that are too complex, Neural network can be easily trained . Adaptive Learning Self-Organization Real Time Operations Final results obtained quite near to perfection.
- 9. Supervised Learning: Each output unit is told what its desired response to input signals ought to be. Unsupervised Learning: It uses no external teacher and is based upon only local information, also referred as self-organization. Reinforced Learning: Teacher is present but didn’t present expected answer but only indicates if computed output is correct.
- 10. Components of ABS & their Functions Speed Sensors Valves Electronic Control Unit (ECU) Input Circuit Digital Controller Hydraulic Modulator
- 12. Types of ABS According to system configuration Four Wheel, Four Channel System Three Channel System Single Channel System According to Integral& Non-integral ABS System Integral System Non-Integral System
- 14. Since the parameter of the system may be unknown or perturbed, the nonlinearities of the ideal feedback linearization controller can not be measured exactly, and the performance of the controller is degraded. In order to remove this drawback, the NN- based hybrid controller is implemented. Icy road Dry asphalt Road Wet asphalt road FrictionCoeff 0.2 0.4 0.8 1 0.6 Slip0.2 1
- 15. Journal Papers: Indigenous development of Anti-lock Brake System(ABS) By:R.Sebastian, M.Sreenivasulu Rao (Sundram-Clayton Ltd, Chennai India) Aug-2003 Adaptive feedback linearization control of antilock braking system using neural network By:Amir Poursamad (Dept of mech engg Iran Univ,Narmak,Iran) Mar-2009 Anovel method for non-linear control of wheel slip in anti-lock brakiong systems By:Hossein Mirzaeinejad,Mehdi Mirzaei(Faculty,Sahand Univ,Iran) Mar-2010 Neural Network based tire/road friction force estimation By:Ivan Petrovic,Nedjeljko Peric(Faculty Elect engg& computing ,Zagreb Univ,Croatia) Jul-2007
- 16. 16 Websites: http://www.boschindia.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network_(disambiguation) http://howstuffswork.com Books and Study Reports: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, and Genetic Algorithms-Synthesis and Applications By:S.Rajsekaran, G.A.Vijayalakshmi Pai CITA RESEARCH STUDY PROGRAMME ON ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED SYSTEMS ON VEHICLES (Testing of existing AntiLock Braking systems (ABS))
- 17. 17 The best braking action occurs at between 10-20% slip. ABS system only operates when wheel lock-up is emanate. When used properly, an ABS is safe and effective braking system.ABS allows the driver to maintain directional stability, control over steering, reduce stopping distance. Technology and training go hand. In case of ABS, driver need to understand how the Technology is designed to help them before they find them before they find themselves in a situation where they need to use it. Also implementation of Neural Network offers continuous vehicle speed estimation, improved braking behavior, greater dynamic control of vehicle and min.controlling cycle time. For driver safety ABS utmost important. Dadad as day by day no of vehcles sr fsf
- 18. 18 With ABS Without ABS
Editor's Notes
- #3: Lets have a brief intro about what we are going to study in this presentation