Application of Fluid Dynamics In Traffic Management
- 1. Application of Fluid Dynamics in Traffic Management Jaydeep Deshpande S.E. Mechanical, PVG’s COET, Pune.
- 2. Fluid Dynamics • Science which studies various flow conditions • It explains energy and mass balance in fluid system • It can be studied by focusing on a particle or focusing at a point in fluid to understand the nature of the flow.
- 3. Fluid Dynamics • Continuum- a continuous and homogeneous medium is called as continuum. • Rate of flow- quantity of the liquid/gas flowing per second through a given channel. • Continuity equation- it gives condition of conservation of mass in fluid system.
- 4. Traffic flow • Traffic flow is flow of vehicles. • Roads can be considered as channels through which vehicles can travel. • Can we apply same governing principles to traffic flow as we apply on liquid/gas flow?
- 5. Analogies between liquid flow and traffic flow, and applications.
- 6. Viscosity in liquids. • It is a phenomenon which occurs due to cohesion and momentum transfer. • Fluid particles near the boundaries stick to the walls and form boundary layers. • Layers near the boundary also try to slow down neighboring layers which forms a velocity gradient along the width up to a certain distance.
- 7. Viscosity in traffic flow • It is evident that vehicles travelling along the boundaries move slower. • As in case of non-ideal fluids, there are interactions between moving vehicles, which are necessary to maintain safe distance and velocity.
- 8. Nozzle effects • The diagram shows a typical nozzle. • Velocity of the liquid increases through the nozzle and pressure drops. • Formation of eddies at the junction of throat and exit part if half divergence angle is too large.
- 9. Flow of liquid along the edges Sharp Smooth Edge Edge
- 10. Traffic flow around obstacles. Dead spots Line up to which choking occurs. Problem Solution
- 11. Diversions Diversion.
- 12. Applications: • Dynamic assist- generalized traffic conditions can be simulated using statistical data, and then it can be used to guide vehicles in their course such that traffic jams could be avoided. • When constructing structures shapes as discussed earlier can be used so as to minimize the impact on traffic conditions.
- 13. Applications: • It can help in designing roads, where proper width and margin needs to be maintained, with traffic and space considerations. • It can play an important role in adjusting signal timings. As per the traffic conditions, it can precisely vary signal timings so as to avoid blocks, and that will ensure a uniform traffic flow even when flow rates are high.
- 14. With certain assumptions and statistical data of Karve Road traffic, a program has been developed to calculate accurate signal timings at Nal Stop.
- 15. Thank you.