Application of laser by me
- 1. Application of LASER SUBMITTED TO- DR. POONAM SHYAL Associate Professore EE Department NITTTR ,CHD SUBMITTED BY- VIKAS KUMAR SINGH ROLL NO-151521 ME MODULAR(I&C) NITTTR,CHANDIGARH
- 2. Laser Applications Lasers are employed over a wide range of applications from scientific research, biomedicine, and environmental sciences to industrial materials, Defence processing, microelectronics, avionics, and entertainment etc.
- 3. Manufacturing Lasers are widely used in manufacturing, e.g. for cutting, drilling, welding, cladding, soldering (brazing), lithography, alignment, etc. In most cases, relatively high optical intensities are applied to a small spot leading to intense heating,possibly evaporation and plasma generation. Essential aspects are the high spatial coherence of laser light, allowing for strong focusing, and often also the potential for generating
- 4. The requirements on optical power and beam quality depend very much on the application and the involved materials. For example, laser marking on plastics can be done with fairly low power levels, whereas cutting, welding or drilling on metals requires much more – often multiple kilowatts
- 5. Medical Applications There is a wide range of medical applications. Often these relate to the outer parts of the human body, which are easily reached with light; examples are eye surgery and vision correction (LASIK), dermatology etc.
- 6. Lasers are also used for surgery (e.g. of the prostate), exploiting the possibility to cut tissues while causing minimal bleeding. Some operations can be done with endoscopic means; an endoscope may contain an optical fiber for delivering light to the operation scene and another fiber for imaging, apart from additional channels for mechanical instruments.
- 7. Metrology Lasers are widely used in optical metrology Laser scanners are based on collimated laser beams, which can read e.g. bar codes or other graphics over some distance. It is also possible to scan three-dimensional objects, e.g. in the context of crime scene investigation (CSI). Fiber-optic sensors, often probed with laser light, allow for the distributed measurement of temperature, stress, and other quantities e.g. in oil pipelines and wings of airplanes.
- 8. DEFENSE There are many application in defense system Laser Range Finder To knock down an enemy tank, it is necessary to range it very accurately. Because of its high intensity and very low divergence even after travelling quite a few kilometres, laser is ideally suited for this purpose. The laser range finders using neodymium and carbon dioxide lasers have become a standard item for artillery and tanks. These laser range finders are light weight and have higher reliability and superior range accuracy as compared to the conventional range finders
- 9. Underwater Laser For this purpose, a laser giving radiation in the blue-green region is most suitable as the transmission in this region is maximum for sea water. The attenuation in underwater transmission is due to (i) absorption by materials in water, (ii) scattering by suspended particles, and (iii) variation in optical density along the light path. The blue-green lasers have assumed much importance in the systems related to naval applications.
- 11. Laser-Guided Anti-Tank Missile (ATM) A missile can be guided and controlled by an infrared beam emitted from a laser, with extremely small divergence. This can be achieved in four ways- i) The laser beam is used to illuminate the target tank; the anti-tank missile (ATM) then homes on to the target,as the latter has .become a source of back- scattered radiation. ii) The laser beam is used to provide guidance instructions to the missile, i.e., it provides the command link iii) The missile rides the laser beam which is kept pointing along the collision course to the target iv) The missile itself carries a laser scanner and seeker for active homing on to the target
- 12. Communication Infrared region is preferred for communication specially by military, as it,s more difficult to detect. The optical laser has a great potential for use in long distance communication. Capacity of a communication channel is proportional to the frequency band width. Laser is a generator of highly coherent beams which are powerful and sharply directed, make it ideally suited for communications.
- 13. Spectroscopy Laser spectroscopy is used in many different forms and in a wide range of applications. For example, atmospheric physics and pollution monitoring profits from trace gas sensing with differential absorption. Solid materials can be analyzed with laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
- 14. Various Scientific Applications Laser cooling makes it possible to bring clouds of atoms or ions to extremely low temperatures. This has applications in fundamental research and also for industrial purposes Optical tweezers Particularly in biological and medical research, optical tweezers can be used for trapping and manipulating small particles, such as bacteria or parts of living cells Laser guide stars used in astronomical observatories in combination with adaptive optics for atmospheric Correction etc.
- 15. FUTURE ASPECT Electricity Transmission & Generation In the future, high-power laser systems might play a role in electricity generation as well as transmission by the help of total internal reflection. In Nuclear Fusion Laser-induced nuclear fusion is investigated as a alternative to other types of fusion reactors. High-power lasers can also be used for isotope separation
- 16. REFERENCES Papers from D.R.D.O which belongs application of LASER in defense system Wikipedia Slide-Share By the help of Internate for various information regarding application of LASER
- 17. THANK YOU