Application of robots in Industries Introduction of Robotics-Overview
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Application of robots in Industries Introduction of Robotics-Overview A short history of industrial robots Application of Robot in Welding Car body assembly, painting Application of Robot in Machining Material Transfer- Kinematics and mechanism review Task Description Teaching and Programming End Effectors, System integration
Application of robots in Industries Introduction of Robotics-Overview
- 1. UNIT-1 Application of robots in Industries Prepared by- Dr. Mohd Aslam PhD. in Mechanical Engineering Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering Yadrav, Kolhapur Maharashtra India 416121.
- 2. Contents • Introduction of Robotics-Overview • A short history of industrial robots • Application of Robot in Welding • Car body assembly, painting • Application of Robot in Machining • Material Transfer- Kinematics and mechanism review • Task Description • Teaching and Programming • End Effectors, System integration 2 SITCOE YADRAV
- 3. SITCOE YADRAV Introduction of Robotics- Overview • Robotics is a field of engineering and computer science that involves designing, building, and using robots. The goal of robotics is to create machines that can help humans. • What does robotics involve? • Design: Creating the physical structure of a robot • Construction: Building the robot • Operation: Making the robot work • Use: Putting the robot to use in a variety of applications 3
- 4. SITCOE YADRAV What are robots used for? • Repetitive tasks • Robots can perform tasks that are boring, repetitive, or unpleasant, such as cleaning, monitoring, transporting, and assembling. • Hazardous tasks • Robots can perform tasks that are hazardous to people, such as finding survivors in unstable ruins, and exploring space, mines and shipwrecks. • Isaac Asimov's "Three Laws of Robotics" • A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. • A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. • A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law 4
- 5. SITCOE YADRAV How does robotics use AI? • Machine learning: Robots can use machine learning to improve their performance over time by analyzing and adapting to new information. • Artificial intelligence: Robots can use AI to handle increasingly complex situations. • History of robotics • The word "robot" comes from the Czech word robota, which means "forced labor" or "serf". 5
- 6. SITCOE YADRAV A short history of industrial robots • The history of industrial robots began in the 1950s with George Devol's invention of the Unimate, the first industrial robot, which was later sold to General Motors. Since then, industrial robots have evolved, becoming integral to various industries, performing complex tasks with speed and precision. 6
- 7. SITCOE YADRAV A Short History of Industrial Robots • 1950s – The Concept of Industrial Robots • 1961 – The First Industrial Robot: Unimate George Devol and Joseph Engelberger developed Unimate, the first industrial robot. It was installed in a General Motors factory in 1961 for automated die casting and welding. • 1970s – Expansion and Innovation Companies like FANUC (Japan) and KUKA (Germany) started developing industrial robots. PUMA (Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly) was introduced by Victor Scheinman. 1980s – Rise of Computerized Robots Integration of microprocessors and sensors improved robot precision. ABB Robotics introduced the first fully electric robot, enhancing energy efficiency. 7
- 8. SITCOE YADRAV • 1990s – Automation in Electronics & Automotive Robots became standard in automotive assembly lines (e.g., Ford, Toyota). SCARA robots (Selective Compliance Articulated Robot Arm) became popular in electronics manufacturing. • 2000s – AI and Smart Robotics Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning allowed robots to adapt to tasks. Collaborative robots (Cobots) like Universal Robots (UR) emerged, designed to work safely alongside humans. • 2010s – Present: Industry 4.0 & IoT Autonomous robots, cloud robotics, and IoT (Internet of Things) have revolutionized industries. Tesla, Amazon, and BMW use AI- driven robots for logistics, manufacturing, and quality control. 8 A Short History of Industrial Robots
- 9. SITCOE YADRAV Application of Robot in Welding • Robotic welding is a key application in industrial automation, enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and worker safety. Below are the main applications of robots in welding: 9 George Devol and Joseph Engelberger developed Unimate, the first industrial robot. It was installed in a General Motors factory in 1961 for automated die casting and welding.
- 10. SITCOE YADRAV Industries and Applications: • Automotive: • Robotic welding is heavily used in automotive manufacturing for tasks like spot welding, arc welding, and MIG welding. • Aerospace: • Laser welding and other precision welding techniques are common in aerospace for joining complex, thin-walled parts. • Manufacturing: • Robotic welding improves efficiency and accuracy in various manufacturing processes, including metal fabrication, construction, and shipbuilding. • Other Applications: • Robotics are also used in material handling, assembly, and other manufacturing operations. 10
- 11. SITCOE YADRAV Benefits of Robotic Welding • Increased Speed and Productivity: • Robots can weld continuously and at high speeds, boosting production output. • Improved Quality and Consistency: • Robotic welding ensures consistent weld parameters, leading to higher quality welds. • Reduced Errors and Defects: • Robotic welding minimizes human errors and defects, resulting in fewer rework and scrap. • Enhanced Safety: • Robots can perform welding in hazardous environments, protecting human welders from risks like heat and fumes. • Cost Reduction: • While initial investment is higher, robotic welding can lead to long-term cost savings through increased productivity, reduced errors, and lower labor costs. • Flexibility and Adaptability: • Robots can be programmed to perform a variety of welding tasks and can be easily reprogrammed for different applications. • Improved Working Conditions: • Robots can perform repetitive and physically demanding welding tasks, freeing up human welders for more complex and creative work. 11