Articles 71894 Sengupta
- 1. ISSUES AND OPTIONS FOR AIR POLLUTION CONTROL IN INDIA Dr. B. Sengupta Member Secretary C entral P ollution C ontrol B oard (Ministry of Environment & Forests) Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar Delhi : 110 032 (INDIA) email: bsg1951@yahoo.com web: http://www.cpcb.nic.in Presentation at CAI – ASIA Meeting on June 29, 2007 at CPCB, Delhi
- 2. IMPORTANT STEPS TAKEN TO CONTROL AIR POLLUTION IN INDIA
- 3. Emission standard for all major air polluting industries have been developed and notified. Enforcement of standard by SPCBs/PCCs through consent management. Environmental impact assessment including public consultations for all development projects. Road map for vehicular pollution control including vehicular exhaust standards (Bharat Stage I to Bharat Stage IV) have been evolved and upto Bharat Stage III have been implemented (II Cities). Fuel quality standard : fuel quality specification have been evolved and notified. 323 manual and about 100 continuous air quality monitoring stations have been set up. The real time data posted in CPCB website regularly.
- 4. Implemented Corporate Responsibility for Environmental Protection (CREP) agreement for air pollution control from 17 categories of highly air polluting industries. Demonstration plant / pollution prevention technology have been set-up for air pollution control from small scale industries. Action plan prepared for air pollution control from 16 cities which are being implemented by concern SPCBs. Fly ash utilisation enhanced from 2 million tonnes to 45 million tonnes per annum during 2006 – 2007. Present generation of fly ash is about 112 million tonnes. Source Apportionment Studies in six cities for RSPM initiated.
- 5. Industry specific Oil Refinery (SO2 control, emission of SO2 restricted to One tonne/hr.) Integrated steel plant (sinter plant, blast furnace and emission control) Aluminium Plant (Prebaked technology, flouride emission restricted to 0.8 kg/tonne) Coke Oven (Non Recovery Plant, Non Recovery unit with power generation promoted). Copper and Zinc Metallurgical industry (SO 2 emission restricted to 1.5 kg/tonne). Petrochemical industry (VOC/BTX emission control). Incinerator (common / industry specific incinerator) standards finalised.
- 6. CURRENT ISSUES IN THE FIELD OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL IN INDIA
- 7. Air Pollution Control from Coal based Power Station in India Area : Singrauli, Korba, Talcher, Ib Valley. Issues : Fly Ash Management, SO 2 /F.Control, clean coal technology issues. Air Pollution Control for 24 critically polluted areas : Vapi, Ankleshwar, Surat, Cuddalore, Manali, Baroda, Medak, Pattancheru, etc. Industry : Dye and Dye Intermediate, Pesticide, Drug and Pharmaceuticals, etc. Pollutants : (HAP, VOC, BTX, HC, Odour, etc.) Air Pollution Control in Sponge Iron Plants Large no. of plants located at Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh Dust Emission (Kiln), Char emission control from cooler side Issue : WHRB and FBC Boiler (for char use)
- 8. 4. Air Pollution Control from Integrated Steel Plant Issues : Big capacity steel plants (Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand) Pollution due to Iron Ore Mining. Coke Oven Plants (toxic pollutants emission). 5. Air Pollution Control from SSI Units Stone Crusher, Lime Kiln, Steel furnace / Boiler, Reverberating Furnace, Steel rolling mills. Enforcement of Standard is weak in case of SSI units. 6. Air Pollution Control (vehicular emission) from 16 cities / Action on plan implementation 7. Vehicular Pollution Control (NOx, PM 10 /PM 2.5 Issues) Effective promote of Clean Coal Technology. Air Pollution Control from Municipal Solid Waste landfills Adulteration of liquid fuels.
- 9. OPTIONS FOR AIR POLLUTION CONTROL IN INDIA
- 10. AIR POLLUTION CONTROL Strengthening the monitoring and enforcement of emission standards for both point and non-point sources Prepare and implement action plans for major cities for addressing air pollution for both point and non-point sources. Strengthening efforts for partial substitution of fossil fuels by bio-fuels. Toxic / hazardous air pollution monitoring and control in chemical industrial zones and critically polluted areas. Monitoring of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) in major industrial sectors like pesticides, pharmaceuticals, dyes and dye intermediates, etc.
- 11. Promotion of clean transportation fuel like bio-diesel, etc. Shifting from manual air quality monitoring to continuous air quality monitoring systems. Source apportionment studies for RSPM and NOx for all major non-attainment cities. Introduction of clean process technology for highly air polluting industrial sectors like Coke oven plants, Aluminium industry, Thermal power plants, Sponge Iron Plants. Networking of existing manual and continuous air quality monitoring stations and data transmission from all automatic and manual stations through environmental data bank on daily basis at CPCB website. AIR POLLUTION CONTROL (contd..)
- 12. Undertaking of monitoring of Fine Particulate Matter PM2.5 in urban areas. Extending network of National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP) to Class-I cities, metro cities and State Capitals. Undertaking health related studies and evolving air pollution control plans. Preventing burning of low-grade fuel / unapproved fuel in urban areas to prevent air pollution Review of existing air quality standards & development for Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) & for PM2.5. Air Pollution Control from 17 categories of highly polluting Industries as per CREP agreement AIR POLLUTION CONTROL (contd..)
- 13. Fuel Quality monitoring/surveillance Introduction of I&M System for in-use vehicles Setting up Regional Calibration Laboratories Air pollution Control from Small Scale Air polluting Industries (Brick Kiln, Foundry, Sponge Iron Plants, Lime Kilns, Ceramic Industries etc.) Comprehensive apportionment studies for RSPM and NOx in 16 highly air polluting cities Promotion of clean coal technologies (PFBC, AFBC, CFBC, Coal gasification, etc). Promotion of public private partnership in Air Quality Monitoring. AIR POLLUTION CONTROL (contd..)
- 14. Fuel Quality monitoring/surveillance Introduction of I&M System for in-use vehicles Setting up Regional Calibration Laboratories Air pollution Control from Small Scale Air polluting Industries (Brick Kiln, Foundry, Sponge Iron Plants, Lime Kilns, Ceramic Industries etc.) Comprehensive apportionment studies for RSPM and NOx in 16 highly air polluting cities Promotion of clean coal technologies. Promotion of public private partnership in Air Quality Monitoring. AIR POLLUTION CONTROL (contd..)