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ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
Student name: Charles Ngalawa
Reg number:
Topic: AO* Algorithm
Introduction
AO*algorithm is a powerful search
technique used in artificial intelligence and
computer science.
- It aims to find optimal paths or solutions in a
graph or state space.
- Particularly useful for robotics, pathfinding,
and planning
Key Concepts
AND-OR Graphs
• AND-OR graphs - is the process to break down complex problems:
- AND side: Represents tasks that must be completed
together to achieve the main goal.
- OR side: Represents different methods for accomplishing the
same goal.
Example of AND-OR
GRAPH
Working of AO* Algorithm
The evaluation function in AO* looks like this:
f(n) = g(n) + h(n)
f(n) = Actual cost + Estimated cost
here,
f(n) = The actual cost of traversal.
g(n) = the cost from the initial node to the current node.
h(n) = estimated cost from the current node to the goal state.
Difference between the A*
Algorithm and AO* algorithm
• A* algorithm and AO* algorithm both works on the best first
search.
• They are both informed search and works on given heuristics
values.
• A* always gives the optimal solution but AO* doesn’t guarantee to
give the optimal solution.
• Once AO* got a solution doesn’t explore all possible paths but A*
explores all paths.
• When compared to the A* algorithm, the AO* algorithm uses less
memory.
• opposite to the A* algorithm, the AO* algorithm cannot go into an
Conclusion
-AO* algorithim combines optimism with efficiency, also a valuable
tool for solving complex problems and Explore further resources for
deeper understanding.
References
1. [GeeksforGeeks: AO*
Algorithm](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/ao-algorithm-artificial-
intelligence/)
2. [Baeldung: AO* Algorithm
Explanation](https://www.baeldung.com/cs/ao-star-algorithm)

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ARTIFICAIL INTELLIGENCE AO ALGORITHMS NOTES

  • 1. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Student name: Charles Ngalawa Reg number: Topic: AO* Algorithm
  • 2. Introduction AO*algorithm is a powerful search technique used in artificial intelligence and computer science. - It aims to find optimal paths or solutions in a graph or state space. - Particularly useful for robotics, pathfinding, and planning
  • 3. Key Concepts AND-OR Graphs • AND-OR graphs - is the process to break down complex problems: - AND side: Represents tasks that must be completed together to achieve the main goal. - OR side: Represents different methods for accomplishing the same goal.
  • 5. Working of AO* Algorithm The evaluation function in AO* looks like this: f(n) = g(n) + h(n) f(n) = Actual cost + Estimated cost here, f(n) = The actual cost of traversal. g(n) = the cost from the initial node to the current node. h(n) = estimated cost from the current node to the goal state.
  • 6. Difference between the A* Algorithm and AO* algorithm • A* algorithm and AO* algorithm both works on the best first search. • They are both informed search and works on given heuristics values. • A* always gives the optimal solution but AO* doesn’t guarantee to give the optimal solution. • Once AO* got a solution doesn’t explore all possible paths but A* explores all paths. • When compared to the A* algorithm, the AO* algorithm uses less memory. • opposite to the A* algorithm, the AO* algorithm cannot go into an
  • 7. Conclusion -AO* algorithim combines optimism with efficiency, also a valuable tool for solving complex problems and Explore further resources for deeper understanding.
  • 8. References 1. [GeeksforGeeks: AO* Algorithm](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/ao-algorithm-artificial- intelligence/) 2. [Baeldung: AO* Algorithm Explanation](https://www.baeldung.com/cs/ao-star-algorithm)