ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
- 1. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS IN PHARMACEUTICS PRESENTED BY – PATIL ABHISHEK SHARAD DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS RAJARAMBAPU COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, KASEGAON , SANGLI
- 2. CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 3. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS 4.REVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY : CFD 5. REFERENCES
- 3. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) Artificial Intelligence is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs.
- 4. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) Artificial intelligence is showing the potential to be a faster, more efficient way to find and develop new drugs. • Artificial intelligence – AI – is getting increasingly sophisticated at doing what humans do, albeit more efficiently, more quickly, and more cheaply. While AI and robotics are becoming a natural part of our everyday lives, their potential within healthcare is vast. A growing number of organizations & universities are focusing to minimize the complexities involved in classic way of drug discovery by using AI computing to envisage which drug candidates are most likely to be effective treatments.
- 5. AI TECHNOLOGY USED IN DRUG DISCOVERY •Deep learning technique known as a generative adversarial network (GAN) by Baltimore based company, Insilico Medicine. •GPU (graphics processing unit)-accelerated deep learning to target cancer and age-related illnesses by above organization. •Benevolent Bio’s deep learning software, powered by the NVIDIA DGX-1 AI supercomputer (it ingests & analyzes the information to find connections and propose drug candidates).
- 6. APPLICATIONS OF AI IN PHARMACEUTICALS AI have various applications in health care and pharmacy which are as follows: • Disease Identification. • Personalize Treartment. • Drug Discovery/Manufacturing. • Clinical Trial Research. • Radiology and Radiotherapy. • Smart electronic health record.
- 11. RADIOLOGY AND RADIOTHERAPY SMART ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS
- 12. • 1. Error Reduction • 2. Difficult ExplorationArtificial intelligence and the science of robotics can be put to use in mining and other fuel exploration processes. • 3. Daily Application • 4. Digital Assistants • 5. Repetitive Jobs • 6. Medical Applications:In the medical field also, we will find the wide application of AI. Doctors assess the patients and their health risks with the help of artificial machine intelligence. It educates them about the side effects of various medicines. • 1. High Cost • 2. No Replicating Humans • 3. No Improvement with Experience • 4. No Original Creativity • 5. Unemployment:
- 15. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC • Computational fluid dynamics can be a viable tool to analyse and troubleshoot various process equipment used in the pharmaceutical industry. Because typical unit operations process large amounts of fluid, even small improvements in efficiency and performance may increase revenue and decrease costs. • The integration of CFD methods can lead to shortened product-process development cycles, optimization of existing processes, reduced energy requirements, efficient design of new products and processes, and reduced time to market. Unit operations in the pharmaceutical industry typically handle large amounts of fluid. As a result, small increments in efficiency may generate large increments in product cost savings. Thus, research and development staffs as well as plant and production managers should understand the benefits of CFD so that it can be integrated into the development process.
- 16. APPLICATION OF CFD IN PHARMACEUTICS Few key unit operations and processes in the pharmaceutical industry are as follows : • CFD for mixing. • CFD for solids handling. • CFD for separation. • CFD for dryers. • CFD for packaging. • CFD for energy generation and energy transfer devices.
- 17. CFD FOR MIXING CFD methods can be applied to examine the performance of static mixers and to predict the degree of mixing achieved, thus indicating whether more mixing elements are required shows surface mesh and blade orientation for a Kinecs mixer depicts the mass fraction concentration of the two species being mixed. The degree of mixing is shown as the color proceeds from distinct inlet streams (red and blue) to the fully mixed outlet stream (green). A CFD solution can be used to derive the pressure drop, hence the power required. (a) stirred tank, radially pumping impellers; (b) stirred tank, closely placed impellers; (c) stirred tank, impellers too far apart.
- 18. CFD FOR SOLIDS HANDLING CFD techniques can be applied to analyze such flows and minimize or eliminate the risk of erosion. CFD also can be applied to analyze the unsteady and chaotic flow behavior in fluidized beds. Simulation of such a flow field requires unsteady flow calculations and small time increments. As a result, performing calculations can take an extensive amount of time. Simulations of gas–solid flows in complex three-dimensional reactors can take months of computational time and are not practically feasible
- 19. CFD FOR SEPARATION CFD techniques are used for analysing separation devices such as cyclones and scrubbers. The following example incorporates CFD methods to optimize and predict performance of an existing cyclone design. CFD solutions depict particle paths for various particle sizes. In this example, CFD techniques were used to perform what-if analysis for optimization of the design. The performance computed with CFD closely matched that observed in physical testing wherein 90% of 10-mm particles were removed, but only 10% of 1-mm particles were separated from the air stream. (a) cyclone, pathline of 1-mm particle; (b)cyclone, pathline of 10-mm particle.
- 20. CFD FOR DRYERS • We used CFD to analyze the performance ofan industrial spray dryer before making major structural changes to the dryer. This strategy minimizes the risk of lost profit during changeover, especially if the improvement does not materialize. CFD was applied to examine configuration changes, thus minimizing risk and avoiding unnecessary downtime during testing shows the velocity distribution (skewed flow). This flow is a result of uneven pressure distribution in the airdispersing head. • CFD models were applied to determine optimum equipment configuration and process settings. CFD results provided the necessary confidence that the proposed modifications would work so capital equipment would be ordered and fieldtesting could be scheduled. Spray dryer, velocity field
- 21. CFD FOR PACKAGING • CFD can be applied to conduct virtual experiments before changes are made to the filling lines or to the package geometry. This method allows a wide range of conditions to be tested and leads to an optimized filling process. depicts the filling of a container. The figures shown are typical of solution results that are used to optimize filling processes to increase throughput and reduce foaming. (a) filling process, liquid surface location, strong splash; (b) Filling process, liquid surface location, no splash.
- 22. CFD FOR ENERGY GENERATION AND ENERGY- TRANSFER DEVICES • CFD techniques can be applied to analyze thermal and flow fields within such devices. • CFD modeling methods also can be applied to gain insight into flame characteristics. Maintaining flame stability and burner efficiency is very critical to the proper functioning of a process heater, power plant, or furnace. Flame length,shape, and size can influence the process. If the flame is too long, then it can impinge on critical regions of the apparatus and cause thermal damage. If the flame is too short, then it may wear out the burner tip. Replacing the burner or associated apparatus results in downtime and loss of product revenue.
- 23. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGE ADVANTAGES OF CFD • A great time reduction and cost reduction in new designs • There is a possibility to analyze different problem whose experiments are very difficult and dangerous • The CFD techniques offer the capacity of studying system under conditions over its limits. • The level of detail is practically unlimited. • The product gets added value. The possibility to generate different graph permits to understand the features of the result. This encourages buying a new product. • Accuracy in the result is doubted i.e. in certain situations we will not obtain successful result. • It is necessary to simplify mathematically the phenomenon to facilitate calculus. If the simplification has been good the result will be more accurate. • There are several incomplete models to describe the turbulence, • Multiphase phenomenon, and other difficult problems. DISADVANTAGES OF CFD • Hi-Tech CFD is a computer aided engineering company which provides total solutions to engineering problems in the field of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD),Computational Electromagnetic, Computational Structural Mechanics, Dynamics and Controls.
- 24. REVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY : CFD • The integration of CFD methods can shorten product-process development cycles, Optimize existing processes. • Reduce energy requirements, and lead to the efficient design of new products and processes. • Unit operations in the pharmaceutical industry handle large amounts of fluid. As a result, small increments in efficiency, such as those created by implementing CFD solutions, can lead to significant product cost savings. • Key processes in the pharmaceutical industry can be improved with CFD techniques. The aerospace and automobile industries already have integrated CFD methods into their design process. The chemical process and the pharmaceutical industries now are beginning to integrate this technology. The full potential for process improvements using CFD solutions is yet to be realized.
- 25. The Role of CFD Methods CFD Methods Analysis, Troubleshooting, Rapid Prototyping New Product Concept Process Design Process & performance evaluation Prototyping Full-scale production
- 26. Steps In Performing a CFD Analysis Pre Processing ,Geometry generation, Grid generation, Physical model Selection Solution Iterative solution of Governing equations Post processing Analysis of results, extraction of data
- 27. REFERENCE 1. Presentation By: Chandrakant kharude; M.PHARM SEM- II; MMCP BELGAUM 2. Presentation By : Prashant Chaurasiya ; M.Pharm- 4th SEMISTER ; Pharmaceutics