ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE(AI)
- 2. WHAT’S A.I? (to me) • Computers making decisions in real-world problems • apply formulate solve
- 3. WHAT IS A.I. ?(Dictionary) Artificial Intelligence is branch of Science, which deals with helping machines find solutions to complex problems in a more human-like fashion.
- 4. • Math – solving problems, logic. • Psychology – the study of mental processes and behavior. • Cognition – processing information, applying knowledge. • Biology – the study of living organisms and how the work. • Philosophy – wisdom and understanding. DIFFERENT TERMINOLOGY’S
- 5. Human Intelligence Artificial Intelligence Intuition, Common sense, Judgement, Creativity, Beliefs etc Ability to simulate human behaviour and cognitive processes The ability to demonstrate their intelligence by communicating effectively Capture and preserve human expertise Plausible Reasoning and Critical thinking Fast Response. The ability to comprehend large amounts of data quickly. DISTINGUISH BETWEEN HI vs. AI
- 8. 1956: TERM ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INTRODUCE • DARTHMOUTH CONFERENCE FOR IINTRODUCTION OF A.I
- 9. • The DARTHMOUTH CONFERENCE of 1956was organized by John McCarthy and two senior scientists: • In1956 Dartmouth conference was the moment that AI gained its name, mission, first success and major players, and is the birth of AI. 1956:DARTHMOUTH CONFERENCE
- 10. 1960s: CHECKER-PLAYING PROGRAM THAT WAS ABLE TO PLAY GAMES WITH OPPONENTS
- 11. 1997:DEEP BLUE PLAYS THE WORLD’S BEST CHESS PLAYER AND WINS.
- 12. 2000: FIRST SOPHISTICATED WALKING ROBOT
- 13. TIMELINE OF AI
- 14. WHY A.I • Two main reasons of AI: – To understand human intelligence better. We test theories of human intelligence by writing programs which emulate it. – To create useful “smart” programs able to do tasks that would normally require a human expert.
- 15. APPLICATIONS OF A.I. Expert systems. Speech recognition. Computer vision. Robotics. Game playing
- 16. GAME PLAYING :- • You can buy machines that can play master level chess for a few hundred dollars. There is some AI in them, but they play well against people mainly through brute force computation--looking at hundreds of thousands of positions
- 17. SPEECH RECOGNITION :- •The primary interactive method of communication used by humans is not reading and writing, it is speech. • The goal of speech recognition research is to allow computers to understand human speech. So that they can hear our voices and recognize the words we are speaking. • It simplifies the process of interactive communication between people and computers.
- 18. COMPUTER VISION:- Peoplegenerally usevision astheir primary means of sensing their environment, wegenerally seemorethan wehear, feel or smell or taste. Thegoal of computervisionresearch isto give computersthissamepowerful facility for understanding their surrounding. HereA.Ihelpscomputer to understand what they see through attached cameras.
- 19. EXPERT SYSTEMS:- An Expert System isacomputer program designed to act asan expert in aparticular domain (areaof expertise).
- 20. ROBOTICS • A Robot isaelectro-mechanical devicethat can by programmed to perform manual tasksor a reprogrammablemulti functional manipulator designed to movematerials, parts, tools, or specialized devices through variableprogrammed motionsfor performanceof variety of tasks. An ‘intelligent’ robot includes somekind of sensory apparatus that allowsit to respond to changein it’s environment.
- 21. APPLICATIONS IN A.I Some other applications which are used everyday Automation. Cybernetics. Hybrid intelligent system. Intelligent agent. Digital camera Online / web. Post office Banks. Customer service Music
- 22. American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) Founded in 1979, the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) is a nonprofit scientific society devoted to advancing the scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behaviour and their embodiment in machines. AAAI also aims to increase public understanding of artificial intelligence, improve the teaching and training of AI practitioners, and provide guidance for research planners and funders concerning the importance and potential of current AI developments and future directions.
- 23. GOALS OF A.I Deduction, reasoning, problem solving. Knowledge representation. Planning. Learning. Natural language processing. Motion and manipulation. Perception. Social intelligence. Creativity. General intelligence.
- 24. • To supplement natural intelligence for e.g. we are building intelligence in an object so that it can do what we want it to do, as for example-- robots, thus reducing human labour and reducing human mistakes NEED OF AI
- 25. PROS. OF AI• Ability to simulate human behavior and cognitive processes Capture and preserve human expertise • The ability to comprehend large amounts of data quickly. • Fast Response.
- 26. CONS. OF AI • No “common sense”. • Cannot readily deal with “mixed” knowledge. • May have high development costs. • Raise legal and ethical concerns. • May lead to destruction
- 27. FUTURE (+) The day is not far when you will just sit back in your cozy little beds and just command your personal Robot'sto entirely do your ruts. Hewill be a perfect companion for you. Just enjoy the Technology.
- 28. FUTURE (-) But wait, don’t behappy. . ! It may end in other way too. Some day there will be a knock to your door. As you open it, you see a large number of Robots marching into your house destroying everything you own and looting you. Thisisbecauseever sincethereisan advantagein the Technology, it attractsanti-social elements. Thisistruefor Robots too.Becausenow they will have full power to think ashuman, even asof anti-social elements. So think tricebeforegiving them power of Cognition.
- 29. SOME SUCCESS STORIES • During the 1991 Gulf War, US forces deployed an AI logistics planning and scheduling program that involved up to 50,000 vehicles, cargo, and people • NASA's on-board autonomous planning program controlled the scheduling of operations for a spacecraft • Proverb solves crossword puzzles better than most humans • Robot driving: DARPA grand challenge 2003- 2007 • 2006: face recognition software available in consumer cameras
- 30. EXAMPLE OF AI
- 31. CONCLUSION:- In it’s short existence, AIhas increased undoing of the nature of intelligence and provided an impressive array of application in a wide range of areas. It has sharpened understanding of human reasoning, and of the nature of intelligence in general. At the same time, it has revealed the complexity of modeling human reasoning providing new areas and rich challenges forthe future.
- 32. SO WHAT IS NEXT? The development of every new technology raises questions that we, as individuals and as a society, need to address.