Asp.net new

2
Index
1. .Net Introduction
2. Asp.Net Introduction
3. Controls
4. State Management
5. Asp.Net Objects
6. Asp.Net Web Application
7. Assembly
8. Caching
9. Security
9. Debugging
10. Tracing
11. Web Services
12. AJAX

4
Contents
1. .Net Introduction
2. The Origins of .Net Technology
3. The .Net Framework
4. .Net Languages
5. Benefits Of The .Net Approach

5
.Net Introduction
Definition:
.Net is a software framework that includes everything required for
developing software for web services
 It integrates presentation technologies,component technologies
and data technologies on a single platform.
 Microsoft took many of the best ideas in the industry,added their
own creativity and innovations and produced a coherent systems
solution popularly known as Microsoft .NET
Microsoft .Net Platform Includes
1. .NET infrastructure and Tools
2. .Net user experience
3. .Net building block
4. .Net device Software

The Origins Of .Net Technology
The current technology of .Net has gone through three significant phases of
6
development :
1. OLE Technology
2. COM Technology
3. .NET Technology
OLE Technology:
 To embed documents from one applications into another application.
 To enable one application to manipulate objects located in another
application
Ex:MS Word and MS Excel
COM Technology
 Reduces the overall complexity of software
 Enables distributed development across multiple organizations or
departments
 Enhances Software Maintainability
.NET Technology
 Third-Generation Component Model
 It Provides a new level of inter-operability compared to COM technology.
 It Uses Intermediate language(MSIL)for compilation.

7
.Net Framework
The .Net framework is one of the
tools provided by the .NET
infrastructures and tools component
of the .NET platform.
.Net platform provides a new
environment for creating and running
robust,scalable and distributed
applications over the web.
Definitions
The .NET framework provides an
environment for building,deploying
and running web services and other
applications.
The Main components are
•Common Language Runtime(CLR)
•Framework Base Classes
•User and program interfaces.
Click Here to Enlarge

Common Language Runtime(CLR)
8
The CLR is the core of the.NET
framework and is responsible for loading
and running C# programs
•The common Language Runtime,popularly
known as CLR is the heart and soul of
the .NET framework.
•It is runtime environment in which
programs written c# and other .NET
languages are executed.
•It also supports Cross-Language
Interoperability
The CLR provides a number of services
that include
Loading and execution of programs
Memory isolation for applications
Verification of type safety
Compilation of IL into native executable
code
Providing metadata
Memory Management
Enforcement of security
Interoperability with other systems
Managing exceptions and errors
Support for tasks such as debugging
and profiling
Click Here To Enlarge

9
CLR Components
Common Type System(CTS)
The .Net frame work provides multiple language support using the feature known
as Common Type System that is built into the CLR.The CTS supports a variety of
types and operations found in most programming languages and therefore calling
one language from another language does not require type conversions.
Common Language Specification
The common Language specification defines a set of rules that enables
interoperability on the .NET Platform.These rules serve as a guide to third-party
compiler designers and library builders.The CLS is a subset of CTS and therefore
the languages supporting the CLS can use other’s class libraries as if their
own.Application Program Interface(APIs) that are designed following the rules of
CLS can easily be used by all the .NET Languages.
Microsoft Intermediate Language(MSIL)
MSIL,or simply IL,is an instruction set into which all the .NET programs are
compiled.It is akin to assembly language and contains instructions for
loading,storing,initializing and calling methods.When we compile a C# program or
any program written in CLS-Compliant language,the source code is compiled into
MSIL
Managed Code
As we know,the CLR is responsible for managing the execution of code compiled
for the .NET platform.The code that satisfies the CLR at runtime in order to
execute is referred to as managed Code.Compilers that are compatible to the .Net
platform generate managed code.

10
Framework Base Classes
.Net supplies a library of base classes
that we can use to implement
applications quickly.We can use them by
simply instantiating them and invoking
their methods or by inheriting them
through derived classes,thus extending
their functionality.
Much of the functionality in the base
framework classes resides in the vast
namespace called System
The system namespaces included
Input/Output Operations
String Handling
Managing arrays,lists,maps,etc
Accessing files and file systems
Accessing the registry
Security
Windowing
Window messages
Database Management
Evaluation of mathematical
functions
Drawing
Managing errors and exceptions
Connecting to the internet and etc..

USER AND PROGRAM INTERFACES
The .NET framework provides the following tools for managing user-and
11
application interfaces:
•Windows Forms
•Web Forms
•Console Applications
•Web Services
These tools enable users to develop user-friendly desktop-based as
well as web-based applications using a wide variety of languages
on .NET platform

12
.NET Languages
The .NET framework is language neutral.Currently,we can use a number of
languages for developing .NET applications.They include:
Native to .NET
• C#(Specially created for .NET)
• C++
• Visual Basic
• Jscript
Third Party Languages
•COBOL
•Eiffel
•Perl
•Python
•SmallTalk
•Mercury
•Scheme
All .NET languages are not created equal.Some Can use the components of
the other languages,some can use the classes produced in other languages to
create objects,and some languages can extend the classes of other languages
using the inheritance features in .NET

Benefits Of The .NET Approach
 Simple and faster systems development
 Rich object model
 Enhanced built-in functionality
 Many different ways to communicate with the outside world
 Integration of different languages into one platform
 Easy deployment and execution
 Wide range of scalability
 Interoperability with existing applications
 Simple and easy-to-build sophisticated development tool
 Fewer bugs
 Potentially better performance
13

15
Contents
1.Classic ASP
1.1 Classic ASP Success/Demerits
1.2 A New Asp.Net Era
2.System Architecture
2.1 Application Architecture overview
2.2 Building a 3-Tier Architecture
2.3 Asp.Net Web Application Architecture
3.Asp.net features
4.Asp.Net Web Pages
4.1 Asp.Net Web Form
4.2 Event Flow
4.3 Asp.Net code Changes
5.Asp.Net Execution
5.1 Asp.Net Execution Model
5.2 Compilation and Execution
5.3 Multimedia Execution

“Classic” ASP
Demerits
16
“Classic” ASP
Successes
• Simple procedural
programming model
• Access to COM Objects
– ADO
– File system object
• No compiling, just save
• Support for multiple scripting
languages
• Mix HTML and code
• VBscript – leverage Visual
Basic skills
•Tied tightly into IIS
•Not Really Cross-platform
–Solutions exists for Apache
& Linux
•Not easy to implement
•Can only use Visual Basic or Java
•Script Language – must be
interpreted

17
“Classic” ASP
Challenges
• Code readability
• Coding overhead
• Post Back complexity
• Reuse
• Performance
• DLL locking
• Deployment
• Sessions
• Caching

SSyysstteemm AArrcchhiitteeccttuurree??
18
A New Era – ASP.NET
• A complete rewrite of the original ASP
– Kept the best concepts from ASP
• your code from the HTML
– Separates the programming logic from the look of the page
– Program in ANY
.NET language
– Better tools, debugging
• Pre-fabricated controls
– Similar to Windows controls
• Built-in security mechanisms
• session management
• Just-in-time compilation
– No server restarts required
• Settings stored in XML
Its mainly based on the 3-Tier System Architecture

19
System Architecture
Single tier Architecture
Presentation,Business logic and data logic all are present in the
same layer,which normally runs on a stand-alone system.e.g., C,C++
applications.
Two tier Architecture
Presentation and business logic will be present in one layer and
data logic will be available in a separate layer.Example: Client-Server
application.
Three-tier Architecture
Presentation,Business logic and data logic all are present in
different layers.Asp.Net are developed using 3-tier architecture.
N-tier Architecture
Presentation,Business logic and data logic all are present in
different layers.Business logic may present in multiple layers. Web
Applications using external services are developed using n-tier architecture.
E.g. Remoting and web services ( Weather forecasting ).

Application Architecture overview
Presentation
20
Distributed
Presentation
Business
Logic
Data
Three-Tier
Presentation
Business
Logic
Data
Business
Logic
Data
Monolithic
Presentation
Business
Logic
Data
Client/Server
Presentation
Business
Logic
Data

21
Building a 3-Tier Application
Presentation Tier
This Tier is responsible for communication with the users and web
service consumers and it will use objects from Business Layer to response GUI
raised events.
Logical Tier
This is the brain of the 3-Tier Application. Some architects do not make
any distinction between Business Tier and Data Access Tier.
Some of the advantages are
 Increases code transparency
 Supports changes in Data Layer. You can change or alter database with
out touching the Business Layer and this would be a very minimum touch up.
Data Tier
This Tier is responsible for retrieving, storing and updating the
Information therefore this tier can be ideally represented through a commercial
database. We consider stored procedures as a part of the Data Tier. Usage of stored
procedures increases the performance and code transparency of an application.

ASP.NET Web Application Architecture
22
PPrreesseennttaattiioonn TTiieerr
User Controls
(.ascx)
BBuussiinneessss LLooggiicc TTiieerr
DDaattaa TTiieerr
Graphic
Files
UI Pages
(.htm)
XML Web Services
(.asmx)
Code-Behind File
(.aspx.vb or .aspx.cs)
PPrrooxxyy AADDOO..NNEETT
.NET
Objects
Data Source
COM+
Services
RRCCWW
COM
Objects
Web Form
(.aspx)

23
ASP .NET Features
ASPX, ASP – side by side
Simplified programming
model
Simplified deployment
Better performance
Caching
Security
Powerful controls
Simplified browser support
Simplified form validation
Code behind pages
More powerful data access
Web services
Better session management
No DLL locking
No DLL registration
Simplified configuration
Page lets

24
What Is a Web Form?
.aspx extension
Page attributes
@ Page directive
Controls save state
Body attributes
Form attributes
<%@ Page Language="C#"
Inherits=Project.WebForm1 %>
<html>
<body ms_positioning="Grid Layout">
<form id="Form1" method="post"
runat="server">
</form>
</body>
</html>
Enlarge
Enlarge

25
EEvveenntt ffllooww iinn AASSPP..NNEETT ppaaggeess
((..aassppxx))
– Application Level Events (Global.asax)
– Page_Init: page and controls are initialized
– Page_Load: all the controls and page are loaded
– Change events for controls are processed
– Click events for controls are processed
– Page_PreRender: page is about to render
– Page_Unload: page is unloaded from memory
The Page Directive
Defines page-specific (.aspx file) attributes used by the ASP.NET page parser
and compiler.
Example showing an .aspx page mapped to its code behind:
<%@ Page Codebehind="WebForm1.aspx.vb"
inherits="AspNet.WebForm1" %>

26
ASP.NET Coding Changes
• Page directives
– Language attribute must be in set the @Page directive
• Structural changes
– All functions and variables must be declared within a <script>
block
– Only one language per page
– Render Functions are no longer supported; use Response.Write
• Design-Time controls are no longer supported
– Replaced with Web controls

27
VViissuuaall BBaassiicc
SSoouurrccee
ccooddee
CCoommppiilleerr
CC## CC++++
CCoommppiilleerr CCoommppiilleerr
AAsssseemmbbllyy
IILL CCooddee
AAsssseemmbbllyy
IILL CCooddee
AAsssseemmbbllyy
IILL CCooddee
CCoommmmoonn LLaanngguuaaggee RRuunnttiimmee
JJIITT CCoommppiilleerr
NNaattiivvee CCooddee
OOppeerraattiinngg SSyysstteemm SSeerrvviicceess
MMaannaaggeedd
ccooddee
UUnnmmaannaaggeedd
CCoommppoonneenntt
ASP.NET
Execution Model

ASP.NET Runtime Compilation and Execution
language Which?
28
default.aspx
Native
code
C#
Visual Basic .NET
Visual Basic .NET
compiler
C#
compiler
MSIL
JIT
compiler
Common Language Runtime
HTML

Multimedia: ASP.NET Execution Model
29

31
Contents
1.Introduction to Control
1.1 Web form Vs HTML Controls
1.2 Server Control
1.2 Maintaining the state in Server Control
1.3 How to Open The Application?
2.Toolbox and its control types
2.1 HTML Controls
2.2 Web form Control
2.3 Validation Control
2.3 List Control
2.4 Component
2.5 Data Control

An ASP.NET control that helps you to transfer data between a dialog
page and its invoker page.
32
Introduction Controls
Types
• Web Form Controls As
Sever controls
• Textbox, Label,
Hyperlink, Etc
• Dropdown List, Data
Grid, Data List, Etc
• HTML Controls (Client or
Server)
• ADO.NET Design
Controls(Data Controls)
• System Components
• Validation Controls
Properties
window
Controls

33
Web Form Vs HTML Controls
Both have the following benefits
– An object model that you can program against on the server
– A set of events for which you can write sever side event handlers.
– The ability to handle events in client script .
– Automatic maintenance of the control's state (View State).
– Interaction with validation controls so you can easily verify that a user
has entered
appropriate information into a control.
– Data binding to one or more properties of the control.
– Support for HTML 4.0 styles if the Web Forms page is displayed in a
browser that supports cascading style sheets.
– Pass-through of custom attributes.

34
What is a Server Control?
<asp:Button id="Button1" runat="server"
Text="Submit"/>
• Runat="server"
– Event procedures run on the server
– View state saved
• Properties and methods are available in server-side event
procedures
private void btn_Click(object sender,
System.EventArgs e)
{
lblName.Text = txtName.Text;
}
•Without code
–Required field
–Within range
–Two fields equal (password)
–Regular expressions
–Validation error messages
•With code, but simplified
–Custom validation

Maintaining the State of ASP.NET Server Controls
• Server control state is stored in __VIEWSTATE, a hidden control on
the Web Form
• VIEWSTATE stores state in a string value of name-value pairs
35
<form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server">
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE"
value="dDw3NzE0MTExODQ7Oz4=" />
'HTML here
</form>
On by default, adjustable at Web Form and control level
<%@ Page EnableViewState="FFaallssee"" %%>>
<asp:ListBox id="ListName" EnableViewState="true"
runat="server"> </asp:ListBox>

Choose The Application what ever u want create
36
Visual C# Projects—Asp.Net Web Application

37
Open The Web form
Task Bar
Toolbox
Web Form
Solution
Explorer
Properties Window

Toolbox:It Contains Collection of
components or controls
Using Tools:
1.Just Drag And Drop in the Web form
Asp.Net Toolbox:
1.Web Forms-General Server Controls
2.Data Controls:Used For Connectivity
3.HTML Controls-As Like General controls like
Textbox and Label etc..
40
Toolbox

42
HTML Controls
HTML Controls:
•This Control used general what we used before in
html.
•Here the control is not called as Server Control
•While using this HTML Control we should convert as
Server Control in our ASP.Net Application
HTML Coding
<DIV style="DISPLAY: inline; HEIGHT:
15px"ms_positioning="Flow Layout">Label</DIV>

Converting HTML Control to Asp.Net Sever Control
Control
Drag and Drop the html control in web
form
Select the control
Right Click the control and mark as
“Run As Server Control”
Now the control changed as Server
Control
HTML Control convert as Server Control
<DIV style="DISPLAY: inline; Z-INDEX:
101; HEIGHT:
“76px"ms_positioning="Flow Layout"
id="DIV1" runat="server">Label</DIV>
43

Web Controls(As Server Controls)
45
Web Form Controls
General Controls List Controls Validation Controls
Ex:Textbox,Radio
Button Ex:Data Grid,Data list
Ex:Required Field,Range Field,
Compare Field

46
General Controls
This Control is used for general purpose as like
inserting and updating
Ex:Label,Textbox,Dropdown List etc..

TEXTBOX:Its mainly used for getting input values from the users
Id for textbox
control(ex:txtename)
To Set Maximum Length For a
control(ex:if set 10 it allows 10
characters only)
•Single-General
•Multiple-When More Number of
values entered (ex:Address)
•Password-When We enter
password character(ex:**** )
In Coding:
TextBox1.Text=“hay”;
47

Label:Its mainly used for give identification(ex:a book having label)
Set id for the
label(lblename)
Set Font Style for the
Control(ex:bold)
Set some text for
label(ex:Enter Ename)
48
Coding:
Label1.Text=“hay”;

Button:It used to perform some Action as like event(ex:Button Click)
Set some styles for Button
49
Button ID
Enter Some Text for
Button
Events for button

50
Link Button:Its used redirect one page to another page
Id for Link Button
Enter some text for Link
Button
Using response object the
page should be redirected

Set some alternative messages
for image
51
Image Button:As Like Button control with some images
Id For imagebutton(ex:imgbtn)
Browse the image and select it
When image button is
clicked the textbox shoes
the messages

52
Dropdown List:Adding multiple values(Ex:Date Of Birth)
The is First way adding
value in control
(Dropdown-properties-items-
collection-set text-
Add-ok)As shown in
fig(Ex:Month in DOB I.e
Constant string Values)
The second way adding
value is coding as
shown(ex:numeric values-day&
month in DOB)

List Box:Adding Multiple values with multiple selection
1.Adding values in List Box (List Box
-properties-items-collection-set text-
Add-ok)ex:Select More than area
1.Single:For selecting single value
2.Multiple:For selecting more than
one using Ctrl Key
Coding used for select the values
from the control
53

54
Hyperlink:Make a link to next page
This is to link one page
to other page(Browse the
url and select it)
Text for hyperlink
control

Checkbox List:Its used to check more than one value from the control
Adding values through
collections
This for selecting the value from
the control.
For selecting more than one values
we should do for loop to make of
multiple values
55

Radio Button List:Its used to select the single value from the
control
As like other controls its also
used add values in
collections.In This control is
used select the particular or
singular value at a time.
Ex:Select the Gender(male or
Female)
Display values as vertical
This for selecting the value
from the control.
56

57
Calendar:Display the current calendar in specified formats
Represents the style
for calendar control
Getting values from the
calendar control

59
Validation Controls
•The validation control is used to check
some condition for the control.
•This control is activate as Server Control

Control Name Description
RequiredFieldValidator Ensures that the user does not skip an entry.
60
CompareValidator
Compares a user's entry with a constant value or a property
value of another control using a comparison operator (less
than, equal to, greater than, and so on).
RangeValidator
Checks that a user's entry is between specified lower and
upper boundaries. You can check ranges within pairs of
numbers, alphabetic characters, or dates. Boundaries can be
expressed as constants.
RegularExpressionValidator
Checks that the entry matches a pattern defined by a
regular expression. This type of validation allows you to
check for predictable sequences of characters, such as those
in social security numbers, e-mail addresses, telephone
numbers, postal codes, and so on.
CustomValidator
Checks the user's entry using validation logic that you code
yourself. This type of validation allows you to check for
values derived at run time.
Validation Summary Displays the validation errors in summary form for all of the
validators on a page.

RequiredFieldValidator:Its is used to validate the function must to
enter the field.Ex:Mandatory
61
Textbox
Required Field Validator
control
Specified which control to be
validate(ex:Textbox1)
Enter some error message that
should displayed

CompareValidator:This used to compare two values should be same or not.
Ex:Compare new and confirm Password
Specify which control to
compare
validate
Enter some messages to
displayed
62

RangeValidator:Check the range value(Ex:Minimum and Maximum value)
validate
Enter the maximum range
value
Enter The minimum range
value
63

Validation Summary:Its display the full error summary (Ex:yahoo new user
registration form)
For displaying error
message format
Select whether the the
summary should be shown are
not
64

RegularExpressionValidator:Its used to specify some expressions as like
email,phone numbers
Enter the some error
message
In validation
Expression select
some expression what
u need
65

67
List Controls
The List controls belongs to web controls..The
controls are
1. DataGrid
2. DataList
3. Repeater
These controls are used select single/all
the values from the database and display
with some style formatting

68
Data Grid
Displays data as a table
Control over
Alternate item
Header
Footer
Colors, font, borders,
etc.
Paging
Updateable
Item as row
Data grid contains auto
format to display the grid
effectively,For these Data
Grid->Right Click->Auto
Format->Select the style
formats as our wish

In the data Grid we can set paging,sorting and column designing using the Data
Grid->Right Click->Property Builder->Columns
69
Data Grid
In Columns it contain
Bound Column
Used to Give valid
Column Name
Button Column
In-built button like
edit,cancel,select
Hyperlink
Give Link to other Page
Template Column
Add extra column
ex:check box
Data grid get source
from dataset

70
Data List
Data List controls should as like data grid but without in-built button column
•Directional rendering
•Good for columns
•Item as cell
•Alternate item
•Updateable
Styles:
In Data List it contains some pre-defined styles and alternating styles for display.
In These every thing should be included in <item template>
We can set the styles in HTML with tags or else dragging controls in <item
template>

71
Data List
For Binding values in data grid
Its also take source from the dataset
In Code-Behind Page_Load()
In HTML Page
In HTML page the column values should bind inside the
item template tag and with other tags ex:table,label etc..

72
Repeater
The repeater control is static one and does not have any user
interfaces
List format
No default output
More control
More complexity
Item as row
Not updateable
In HTML
Compare to data list control it have only
limited formatted style

73
Repeater
In Web Form Page_Load( )
As like other List Control it take source from Dataset
In HTML Page
The column value should bind inside in item template and
with data binder tag

74
components
The components are used add some
functionality built –in as component
Ex:Timer

76
Data Controls
•CCoonnnneeccttiioonn
•CCoommmmaanndd
•DDaattaaRReeaaddeerr
•DDaattaaSSeett
•DDaattaaAAddaapptteerr
•DDaattaaVViieeww

77
Data Controls
DDaattaabbaassee
CCoonnnneeccttiioonn AAAAuuuuttththhhoooorrrsrsss
DDaattaaAAddaapptteerr
DDaattaaSSeett
SSeelleecctt …… ffrroomm AAuutthhoorrss
AAuutthhoorrss

DDaattaabbaassee
78
Data Controls
CCoonnnneeccttiioonn PPPPuuuubbbblliillsisisshhhheeeerrrrssss
DDaattaaAAddaapptteerr
DDaattaaSSeett
SSeelleecctt …… ffrroomm PPuubblliisshheerrss
AAuutthhoorrss
PPuubblliisshheerrss

79
Data Controls
DDaattaasseett
AAuutthhoorrss
PPuubblliisshheerrss
DDaattaa VViieeww
DDaattaa GGrriidd
RReeppeeaatteerr
DDaattaa LLiisstt

81
Contents
1. Into to State Management
2. Client State Management
1.1 Cookies
1.2 Query String
1.3 View State
3. Server State Management
3.1 Application
3.2 Session
3.3 Database Support

82
Introducing State Management
State Management is a process of maintaining in application and
session-related information when multiple users request for the
same or different web pages of an Asp.Net application.
State Management needed when the same user logs on to a web
site for multiple times.
In addition ,state management includes maintaining page-level
information during the round trip of a Web Form page.
Types
1.Client Side Management
2.Server Side Management

83
State Management Types
1.Client side Management
• View State
• Cookies
• Query Strings
2.Server side Management
• Application
• Session
• Database Support

84
View state
The View state in an Asp.Net Web Form enable to retain page and control-specific
values between round trips.Each web form and the controls on the page
have the view state property that is inherited from the base control class.Asp.Net
Frame work uses the view state property to automatically save the values of the
page and each control prior to rendering the page.
The view state is implemented with a hidden form field called _VIEWSTATE,which
is automatically created in every web form .When Asp.Net executes a web page on
a web server ,the values stored in the view state property of the page and
controls on it are collected and formatted into a singe encoded string.The
encoded string is then assigned to the value attribute of the hidden form field
_VIEWSTATE and is sent to the client as a part of the web page.When the page is
posted back to the server,the Asp.Net Framework parses the view state string at
page initialized and restores the property information in the page
By default the view state is enabled ,if we need we can disabled for a particular
control.
Advantages:
The view state stored in a standard HTML format as a part of the web page.
Easy to implement
The Values in view state are hashed,compressed and encoded for Unicode
implementation
Disadvantages
Page speed is slow when datas are high
Security Less

Cookies
•A cookie is a small file that the server embeds on the user's computer .Each time
the same computer requests a page with a browser, it will send the cookie
too.Cookies can be either temporary or persistent.temporary cookie is exist in
memory space of a browser,when the browser is closed,all the temp cookies lost.A
persistent cookie is saved as a text file in the file system of the client computer.
•Benefits Of Cookies
•No server resources are required as they stored in client
•They are light weight
•Simple to use
Limitations Of Cookies
Most Browsers place a 4096-byte limit on the size of a cookie,although support for
8192-byte cookie is becoming more common in the new browser and client-device
versions available today.
•Some users disable their browser or client device’s ability to receive
cookies,thereby limiting the use of cookies
•Cookies can be tampered and thus creating a security hole.
•Cookies can expire thus leading to inconsistency

Query String Benefits
•When we need to submit information back to a web page or another page by using
URL .A query string provides a simple way to pass information from one page to
another page.
•The Query String is used to store and transfer the information through the URL.
•It get the values from the Request Object.
•No server resources are required.This query string containing in the HTTP requests
for a specific URL
•All browsers support query strings
Query String Limitations
•Query String data is directly visible to user thus leading to security problems
•Most browsers and client devices impose a 255-character limit on URL length.

87
Session
Session State is a collection of objects that are stored in the memory of the web
server.
But where is the Session State stored?
In II5, Session State is stored in the memory of the process aspnet_wp.exe. In IIS6,
by default all applications share the same application pool, i.e. the session state is
stored in the memory of the process w3wp.exe
The advantages of using session state are as follows:
· Process independence
· Ease of implementation
· Durability
· Scalability
The disadvantages of using session state are:
· Low Performance for large volumes of data
· Overhead involved for serializing and de-serializing the Session data
Session state in ASP.NET can be stored in one of the following three ways.
• InProc
• State Server
• SQL Server

Asp.Net provides state as means of storing global application-specific information
in the application state is is stored in a key-value pair and is used to maintain
data consistency between server round trips and between pages.
•The Application object is used to store and access variables from any page, just
like the Session object.
•The difference is that ALL users share one Application object, while with
Sessions there is one Session object for EACH user.
• The Application object should hold information that will be used by many pages
in the application
•Application variables can be accessed and changed by any page in the
application.
•You can create Application variables in "Global.asax"
88
Application

Database support
Database support is used to combination with cookies or session state.For
ex,for an e-commerce web site ,you can maintain state information by using
a relational database.
Advantages
1. Security
2. Consistency
3. Personalization
Disadvantages
1. Data base for state management involves complex hardware and software
configurations
2. The web site may go down poor construction of the relational data model
that is used to support session state in a web application.

91
Contents
1.Page And its Life Cycle
2.Request And Response
3.Session And Application
4.Demo:Using the objects in
application

92
Page Life Cycle
Page_Init:
During this event, you can initialize values or connect any event handlers that
you may have.
Page_Load:
During this event, you can perform a series of actions to either create your
ASP.NET page for the first time or respond to client-side events that result from a
post. The page and control view state have been restored prior to this event. Use the
IsPostBack page property to check whether this is the first time that the page is
being processed. If it is the first time, perform data binding. Also, read and update
control properties.
Page_DataBind:
The DataBind event is raised when the DataBind method is called at the page
level. If you call DataBind on individual controls, it only fires the DataBind event of
the controls beneath it.
Page_PreRender:
The PreRender event is fired just before the view state is saved and the
controls are rendered. You can use this event to perform any last minute operations
on your controls.
Page_Unload: After a page has finished rendering, the Page_Unload event fires. This
event is a good place to perform final cleanup work. This includes items such as the
cleanup of open database connections, discarding objects, or closing those files that
are open.

93
Response and Request objects
• Response
Response object is used to send output to the user from the server
– Represents the client browser
– Response.Redirect(“Webform2.aspx”)
– Response.Cookies[“Username”] = “Bob”
• Request
Request object is used to get information from the user
– Represents the server
– Request.PhysicalApplicationPath
– Username = (String)Request.Cookies[“Username”]

94
Session and Application
variables
Session variables
– Hash table-style collection of name-value pairs
– Remembered until the client closes the browser (or the session timeout
expires – default 20 minutes)
– Only for one client
– Session[“Valid User”] = true
Application variables
– Hash table-style collection of name-value pairs
– Always remembered
– For all clients
– Application[“NumClients”] = NumClients + 1

96
Open The Asp.Net Web Application And Choose the Web Form
Webform1

97
Create Table And Place The Controls
Tables $Controls

In Code-Behind Write Coding For Creating Cookies,Session And Query String
Session
Cookies
98
Query String

Select the Another Web Form And Place The Controls
99

In WebForm2 Code Behind Write the coding how to retrieving the values from
cookies,session and Query String
100
Session
Cookies
Query String

101
Type The Values As 98,99 how it transform to next page

Ya ..Now it Get Back The values From First page Using These Objects
102

103
Create Web form And write in page_load( ) event application Object
Application
Object

104
In First time the count shows 1

After Refreshing the the page the count should be increased(Now its 3)
105
Enlarge

107
Contents
1. Global.Asax File
1.1 Global Programming
2. Web.Config file
2.1 Session Variables
3. Business Objects

108
ASP.NET Web Applications
• Global ASAX
– Application_Start
– Application_End
– Session_Start
– Session_End
• Session
• Application

109
Global Programming (Global.asax)
• Define Application Global methods, constants, variables
• Global Event Handling
– Application_Start
– Session_Start
– Application_Begin Request
– Application_Authenticate Request
• Useful for setting up custom Page.User and roles
– Application_Error
– Session_End
– Application_End

110
The Web.config file
• Configuration management for ASP.NET
• XML file
• Hierarchical structure
MMaasstteerr ssyysstteemm
mmaacchhiinnee..ccoonnffiigg
AApppp AA wweebb..ccoonnffiigg AApppp BB wweebb..ccoonnffiigg
AApppp BB ssuubbddiirr
wweebb..ccoonnffiigg

111
web.config
• Site configuration file
• Like an .INI file for your site
• XML format
• Extensible
• Some settings
– Security
– Session
– Localization
– Tracing
– Debugging

112
Session Variables
• Store state information
• No longer require cookies
• Share between servers
<sessionState
mode=“StateServer“
stateConnectionString="tcpip=127.0.0.1:42424"
sqlConnectionString="data source=127.0.0.1;
user id=sa;password="cookieless="false"
timeout="20"
SessionState/>

113
Business Objects
• Not registered
– Placed in ./bin directory
• Not locked
– Shadow copy

115
Contents
1.Introduction about Assembly
2.Assembly Architecture
3. Manifest Functions
4. Single/Multi File Assembly
5.Assembly Types
5.1 Private Assembly
5.2 Public Assembly
5.3 Global Assembly Cache
6.Assembly Location

116
ASSEMBLY
Assemblies are the building blocks of .NET Framework applications
It form the fundamental unit of deployment, version control, reuse, activation
scoping, and security permissions.
An assembly is a collection of types and resources that are built to work together
and form a logical unit of functionality.
An assembly provides the common language runtime with the information it
needs to be aware of type implementations.
Assemblies can be static or dynamic.
Static assemblies can include .NET Framework types (interfaces and classes), as
well as resources for the assembly (bitmaps, JPEG files, resource files, and so on).
Static assemblies are stored on disk in portable executable (PE) files.
Dynamic assemblies are run directly from memory and are not saved to disk
before execution. Dynamic assemblies are stored on the disk after they have
executed.

117
ASSEMBLY Architecture
In general, a static assembly can consist of four elements:
 The assembly manifest, which contains assembly metadata.
 Type metadata.
 Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) code that implements the types.
 A set of resources.
Assembly Metadata
Metadata
MSIL
Resources
An assembly manifest contains all the metadata needed to specify the
assembly's version requirements and security identity, and all metadata
needed to define the scope of the assembly and resolve references to resources
and classes.
 The assembly manifest can be stored in either a PE file (an .exe or .dll) with
Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) code or in a standalone PE file that
contains only assembly manifest information.

118
MANIFEST FUNCTIONS:
Assembly Metadata is stored in Manifest contains all the Metadata needed to do
the following things
• Version of assembly
• Security identity
• Scope of the assembly
• Resolve References to resources and classes
ASSEMBLY BENEFITS
Enable developers to specify version rules between different software components.

Provide the infrastructure to enforce versioning rules.
Provide the infrastructure to allow multiple versions of a component to be run
simultaneously (called side-by-side execution).
NAMESPACE:
System.Reflection Namespace
System.Reflection namespace contains classes and interfaces that provide a
managed view of loaded types, methods, and fields, with the ability to dynamically
create and invoke types.

119
SINGLE-FILE ASSEMBLY
Group all elements in a single physical file
Assembly Manifest
Type Metadata
MULTIFILE ASSEMBLY
MSIL code
Resources
Assembly
Metadata
Type
Metadata
MSIL code
Type
Metadata
MSIL code
MSIL code
The elements of an assembly can be contained in several files. These files can be
modules of compiled code, resources (such as .bmp or .jpg files), or other files
required by the application.

120
ASSEMBLY TYPES
There are Two types
 Private Assembly
 Public Assembly
PRIVATE ASSEMBLY:
•A Private assembly is normally used by single application, and is stored in the
application’s directory or a sub directory
PUBLIC ASSEMBLY:
•A shared assembly is normally stored in the global assembly cache, which is a
repository of assemblies maintained by the .NET runtime.
•Shared assemblies are usually libraries of code
Ex: Crystal report classes – used by all application for Reports

121
GLOBAL ASSEMBLY CACHE
•GAC is used where shared .NET assembly reside.
•GAC is used in the following situations
•If the application has to be shared among several application
•If the assembly has some special security requirements like only administrators can
remove the assembly.
•If the assembly is private then a simple delete of assembly the assembly file will
remove the assembly
ADD AND REMOVE AN ASSEMBLY FROM GAC
gacutil [options] [assemblyName | assemblyPath | assemblyListFile]
assemblyName
The name of an assembly. You can supply either a partially specified assembly name
such as myAssembly or a fully specified assembly name such as myAssembly,
Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=0038abc9deabfle5.

122
assemblyPath
The name of a file that contains an assembly manifest.
assemblyListFile
•The path to an ANSI text file that lists assemblies to install or uninstall.
•To use a text file to install assemblies, specify the path to each assembly on a
separate line in the file. The tool interprets relative paths, relative to the
location of the assemblyListFile.
•To use a text file to uninstall assemblies, specify the fully qualified assembly
name for each assembly on a separate line in the file.
Examples
The following command installs the assembly mydll.dll into the global assembly
cache.
gacutil /i mydll.dll
The following command removes the assembly hello from the global assembly
cache as long as no reference counts exist for the assembly.
gacutil /u hello
For example, if both version 1.0.0.0 and 3.2.2.1 of hello are installed in the
cache, the command gacutil /u hello removes both of the assemblies.

Use the following example to avoid removing more than one assembly. This
command removes only the hello assembly that matches the fully specified
version number, culture, and public key.
gacutil /u hello, Version=1.0.0.1,
Culture="de",PublicKeyToken=45e343aae32233ca
123
Strong-Name Assemblies
•Strong name is similar to GUID (It is supposed to be unique in space and
time) in COM components.
•Strong name is only needed when we need to deploy assembly in GAC.
•Strong names helps GAC to differentiate between two versions.
Sn.exe –k “C:test.snk”

124
ASSEMBLY LOCATION
An assembly's location determines whether the common language runtime can
locate it when referenced, and can also determine whether the assembly can be
shared with other assemblies. You can deploy an assembly in the following
locations:
The application's directory or subdirectories.
• This is the most common location for deploying an assembly.
• The subdirectories of an application's root directory can be based on language
or culture.
• If an assembly has information in the culture attribute, it must be in a
subdirectory under the application directory with that culture's name.
The global assembly cache.
• This is a machine-wide code cache that is installed wherever the common
language runtime is installed.
• In most cases, if you intend to share an assembly with multiple applications,
you should deploy it into the global assembly cache.
On an FTTP server.
• An assembly deployed on an FTTP server must have a strong name; you point
to the assembly in the code base section of the application's configuration file.

126
Contents
1. Caching Introduction and its Types
2. Output caching
3. Fragment Caching
4. Data Caching
4.1 Cache APIs
4.2 Adding Items to cache
4.3 Cache.Add Method
4.4 Parameters
5. Additional Caching Features
5. Caching Features in .Net 1.1

127
CACHING
DEFINITION
Caching involves temporarily storing the frequently used data for the
Web application on local hard disks for later retrieval. As a result, the web
server on which the application resides processes requests for the Website only
once and caches the requests for future. Any subsequent requests are
processed from the cache instead of the Webserver.The data can be cached
either at the client side or at the server side.
• Client
The data is stored in temporary files on the hard disk or in memory of the
clients computer.
• Server
Microsoft Proxy Servers are generally used for caching.
ASP.NET has a powerful, easy-to-use caching mechanism that allows you to
store objects that require a large amount of server resources to create in
memory. It is implemented by the cache class.
• The Cache class has been designed for ease of use. By using keys paired
with values, you can place items in the Cache and later retrieve them.
• when system memory becomes scarce, the cache automatically removes
seldom used or unimportant items to allow memory to be used to process
a high volume of requests. This technique is called scavenging.

128
1.OUTPUT CACHING
Output caching allows you to store the results that a dynamic page
generates. On subsequent requests, the cached output is used to satisfy the
request rather than dynamically executing the page code. Output caching is
also referred to as page caching.
The following sample illustrates how to cache the output of the page for 30
seconds:
Visual C# .NET Sample
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ OutputCache Duration="30" VaryByParam="*" %>
To use the @ OutputCache directive to control page output caching, you simply
add the directive to the top of the page. The Page.InitOutputCache method
translates the directive into HttpCachePolicy class methods.
The @ OutputCache directive includes the following attributes and settings:
Duration:
This attribute specifies how long an item is held in the cache. The value for
Duration is listed in seconds.
VaryByParam:
This attribute determines cache entries by Get or Post parameters.
For example, if a QueryString variable named testVal is set for the VaryByParam
attribute, every page request that contains a different value for testVal is cached
in a separate page.

Output caching
@ OutputCache directive contains a Location attribute.
This attribute determines the location for cached item. You can specify the
following locations:
Any
This stores the output cache in the client's browser, on the proxy server (or any
other server) that participates in the request, or on the server where the request
is processed. By default, Any is selected.
Client
•This stores output cache in the client's browser.
Downstream
•This stores the output cache in any cache-capable devices (other than the origin
server) that participate in the request.
Server
•This stores the output cache on the Web server.
None
• This turns off the output cache.
129
Visual C# .NET Sample
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ OutputCache Duration="30" VaryByParam="*" %>

130
2.FRAGMENT CACHING
Fragment caching is useful when you need to cache only a subset of
a page. This is accomplished by caching the outputs of a user control.
Navigation bars, headers, and footers are good candidates for fragment
caching.
• The fragment caching is implemented through User Controls.
• The fragments of the page that will be cached are placed in one or more User
Controls.
•The User Controls are then included in different pages as desired.
• The caching options for the controls are specified by placing an
OutputCache directive within each control or programmatically in the code
behind using the PartialPageCachingAttribute.
•The caching parameters are set on the individual controls rather than within
the page itself.
•The User Controls are then cached independently according to each
directive, while the remainder of the page content remains dynamic and
uncached.

131
3. DATA CACHING
 Data caching is where the majority of the control is handled
programmatically.
 The Cache class located in the System.Web.Caching namespace is the way in
which items are added into and retrieved from the ASP.NET cache.
 It is relatively straightforward to use in your Web applications.
 The Cache class provides a dictionary type interface, which means you assign
a key to the value when it is stored.
 The key is used to access the value again at a future point in time when it is
needed.
1.Using a name value pair similar to a Dictionary object.
Example: Cache[“keyName”] = “MyValue”;
Example: Cache[“keyName2”] = myObject;

DATA CACHING Example
2.Using the Cache.Add method, which returns an object representing the
item added into the cache. If an object with the given key name already
exists in the cache, then the Add method will fail.
132
Example: Cache.Add(“keyName”, “MyValue”);
Example: Cache.Add(“keyName2”, myObject);
3. Using the Cache.Insert method, which, unlike the Insert method, does not
have a return type. In addition, if an item already exists in the cache with
the given key name, the Insert method will override it with the new value
given.
Example: Cache.Insert(“keyName”, “MyValue”);
Example: Cache.Insert(“keyName2”, myObject);

133
CACHE APIS
Cache Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) allow you to programmatically
store arbitrary objects to memory so that your application can save the time and
resources that it takes to re-create them.
Cache APIs allow you to expire items from the cache based on the following
credentials:
•Time
•File dependencies
•Cache key dependencies
The Cache class has been designed for ease of use. By using keys paired with
values, you can place items in the Cache and later retrieve them.
You can instruct the Cache to give certain items priority over other items when
it performs scavenging. To indicate that a specific item is of greater or lesser
importance than another, specify one of the CacheItemPriority enumeration values
when you add an item using the Cache.Add method or Cache.Insert method.

134
ADDING ITEMS TO THE CACHE
There are three different techniques you can use to add an item to the Cache object.
If you want to take advantage of the scavenging, expiration, and dependency support
offered by the Cache, you must use either the Cache.Insert method or the Cache.Add
method.
Cache.Insert Method (String, Object)
Inserts an item into the Cache object with a cache key to reference its
location and using default values provided by the CacheItemPriority enumeration
[C#]
publicvoid Insert( string key, object value );
PARAMETERS
key
The cache key used to reference the item.
value
The object to be inserted into the cache.
The following example demonstrates how to insert an item into an application's
cache.
[C#]
Cache.Insert("DSN", connectionString);

135
PARAMETERS
key
The cache key used to reference the item.
value
The item to be added to the cache. dependencies
The file or cache key dependencies for the item. When any dependency changes, the
object becomes invalid and is removed from the cache. If there are no dependencies,
this paramter contains a null reference.
absoluteExpiration
The time at which the added object expires and is removed from the cache.
slidingExpiration
The interval between the time the added object was last accessed and when that object
expires. If this value is the equivalent of 20 minutes, the object expires and is removed
from the cache 20 minutes after it is last accessed.
priority
The relative cost of the object, as expressed by the CacheItemPriority enumeration.
The cache uses this value when it evicts objects; objects with a lower cost are removed
from the cache before objects with a higher cost.
onRemoveCallback
A delegate that, if provided, is called when an object is removed from the cache. You
can use this to notify applications when their objects are deleted from the cache.

CACHING FUNDAMENTALS IN ASP.NET FRAMEWORK 1.1
Cache
• A static object with a collection dedicated to storing and processing cache
information (System.Web.Caching.Cache).
Cache Dependency
• It is a mechanism through which the cache data can be made dependant on any file or
a key data present in the cache itself.
Cache Expiration
• It provides a way to provide expiration to the data available in the cache.
Cache Callback
•: It is a delegate, which can be associated with any cache item. It is invoked when the
associated item in the cache expires due to any reason.
The expiration reasons can be any of the following
1. Removed: The item is explicitly removed from cache.
2. Expired: The item’s time is expired due to cache time out or its own
136
expiration policy settings.
3. Underused: The cache item is removed from the cache due to shortage of
resources.
4. Dependency Changed: The cache item is removed from the cache because
its dependency has been changed.

138
Contents
1.Authentication
1.1 Authentication Options
1.2 Form Authentication
1.3 Demo
2.Authorization

139
AUTHENTICATION
THIS IS WHO I AM
Authentication is the process of deciding who can access the application.
User name and Password is the most common mechanism for
Authentication.
Authentication means validating a user based on set of credentials
Authorization occurs after authentication.
Ex:
such as E-mail, username, and password.
Authorization requires specifying access restrictions and permissions for
your users. Hence,these terms are different but interrelated.

Authentication Accepted Authentication Rejected
Display Content Redirect To Registration
As you see in the above diagrams,when a user enters the
140
application,two possible courses of action occur.
1.The user is authenticated,so the requested content is returned.
2.The user is not authenticated and is sent to a registration
form.Once the registration process is successful,then and only then is the
requested content returned.

141
Options Available
 Forms Authentication :
Login request are made by filling form in a web page and
submitting that form to the server.
 Windows Authentication :
Login pages pass user credentials to a web server.The web server
then handles the authentication using which ever method is
configured on the virtual directory that the application is
running within.
 Passport Authentication :
Authentication is performed via a centralized authentication
provided by Microsoft.

FORMS AUTHENTICATION MODEL
BROWSER SERVER
Browser request page B and passes a copy of the cookie
142
Browser sends request for page A to the server
Server refuses anonymous access and sends login page
instead
Browser sends a login request to the server
BROWSER SERVER
Server authenticates and returns page A along with a
cookie to the browser
BROWSER SERVER
Server accepts cookie and sends back page B

 Forms authentication handles authentication using your own
custom logic with an ASP.NET application.
 When a user requests a page for the application, ASP.NET checks
for the presence of a special session cookie.If the cookie is
present,ASP.NET assumes the user is authenticated and process the
request.
 If the cookie isn’t present,ASP.NET redirects the user to a
Webform you provide.
143
Forms Authentication
Using a Web.Config file
<configuration>
<system.web>
<authentication mode="Forms">
<forms name="logincookies"
loginUrl="login.aspx”
protection="All"
timeout="30“
path="/" />
</authentication>
<authorization>
<deny users="?" />
</authorization>
</system.web>
</configuration>
Attributes Description
•Name Name of the authentication cookie
•LoginUrl The login page to which
unauthenticated
users should be redirected.
•Protection Protect the authentication cookie
•Timeout The timeout value for the cookie
to expire.

Checking the username and password through Authentication
Enter the Username
And Password in
Textbox
144

The username is not
valid then it display
the error message
145

147
AUTHORIZATION
what I can do:
When user name and password matches it checks to see what
permission you have been granted.
DEFINITION
The process of granting a user the permission to use a resource, or
denying them access to a resource or a group of resources.
Coding
<authorization>
<deny users="?" />
</authorization>

148
Tag Description
Deny This can take three attributes.
1. User: User name can be particular user
name or ? Anonymous users.
2.Role: Describes particular role such as
administrator.
3.Verb: set to a particular request.
Allow This can take three attributes
1. User: User name can be particular user
name or ? Anonymous users.
2.Role: Describes particular role
such as administrator.
3.Verb: set to a particular request.

150
Debugging ASP.NET
• Using Visual Studio .NET debugging tools
– Breakpoints
– Stop keyword
– System.Diagnostics.Debug
– Command/Immediate Windows
– Add Watch/Quick Watch
– Autos/Locals Windows
• Trace
• Client Script Debugging
– Active Documents
– Debugger keyword

152
Contents
1.Intro to Tracing
2.Page Level Tracing
2.1 Write Trace Contents
3.Application Level Tracing
3.1 Viewing Trace

153
Tracing
 ASP.NET introduces new functionality that allows you to view diagnostic
information about a single request for an ASP.NET page simply by enabling it for
your page or application.
 In order for these messages and other tracing information to be gathered and
displayed, we must enable tracing for the page or application.
 Trace statements are processed and displayed only when tracing is enabled.
You can control whether tracing is displayed to a page, to the trace viewer, or
both.
Types:
1.Page-Level Tracing
2.Application-Level Tracing

154
Page Tracing
Page-Level Tracing
We can control whether tracing is enabled or disabled for a page with the
Trace attribute of the @ Page directive. Regardless of whether the write messages
to the trace log, when you enable tracing and the page is requested, ASP.NET
appends a series of tables containing performance information about the page
request.
Tracing is disabled by default. If you do not include a Trace attribute in your page,
trace information is not gathered, and trace statements you write do not appear
on the page.
To enable tracing for a page
Include an @ Page directive at the beginning of your .aspx file. Include the Trace
attribute, and set its value to true.
<%@ Page Trace="true" %>
Security Note When tracing is enabled for a page, trace information is displayed
on any browser that makes a request for the page from the server. Tracing
displays sensitive information, such as the values of server variables, and can
therefore represent a security threat.
<%@ Page Language=“C#" Trace="True"
TraceMode="SortByCategory" %>

155
Output For Page Info
The information of
page should be
shown here

156
Writing Trace Messages
ASP.NET uses the Trace Context class to store information about a request, its
control hierarchy, and trace information. The TraceContext class is available to
Web Forms pages through the Page Trace property.
Current property to access the TraceContext class. In this case, use
HttpContext.Current.Trace syntax.
The TraceContext class provides two methods, Write and Warn, which allow
you to write statements to the trace log. Each method is overloaded and
allows you to specify a tracing category, a text message, and optional error
information. The only difference between these methods is that the Warn
method displays its text in red.
The first is treated as a category, which you can use to sort where your
messages appear in the Trace Information table that is displayed when
tracing is enabled.
The Second argument is of type Exception and contains error information
for the request, if there is any.

Page Trace Output with Warn And Write Methods
Warn( )
Messages
Write() Messages
157

158
Application-Level Tracing
To enable tracing for an application
1. If you have not done so already, create a text file, name it Web.config, and
save it to your application's root directory.
2. Between the opening and closing tags of the <configuration> element, add
the opening and closing tags of a <system.web> element.
3. Between the <system.web> element tags, add a <trace> element, which is
self-closing.
4. In the <trace> element, declare the enabled attribute and set it to true.
5. Declare other optional attributes to modify your application's trace
behavior, as you want. For example, the following application trace
configuration collects trace information for up to 40 requests and allows
browsers on computers other than the origin server to display the trace viewer.
<configuration>
<system.web>
<trace enabled="true" requestLimit="40" localOnly="false"/>
</system.web>
</configuration>

Viewing Trace Information with the Trace Viewer
• To view these statements and the additional trace information in the trace
viewer by requesting Trace.axd from the root of your application directory.
•To enable set the pageOutput attribute to true in the Web.config file.
Traced
Application
Information
159

161
Contents
1. Introduction About Web Services
2. Usage Of Web Services
3. SOAP
4. WSDL And UDDI
5. Internet Towards Web services
6. Demo with illustration

162
Web Services
What are Web Services?
• Web services are application components
• Web services communicate using open protocols
• Web services are self-contained and self-describing
• Web services can be discovered using UDDI
• Web services can be used by other applications
• XML is the basis for Web services
The basic Web services platform is XML + HTTP.
• The HTTP protocol is the most used Internet protocol.
• XML provides a language which can be used between different platforms and
programming languages and still express complex messages and functions.
Web services platform elements
• SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
• UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration)
• WSDL (Web Services Description Language)

163
Web services and its uses
Reusable application components
There are things different applications needs very often.
 Web services can offer application components like currency
conversion, weather reports or even language translation as services.
 Ideally, there will only be one type of each application component, and
anyone can use it in their application.
Connect existing software
Web services help solve the interoperability problem by giving different
applications a way to link their data.
Using Web services you can exchange data between different applications
and different platforms.
Web Services have three basic platform elements
These are called SOAP, WSDL and UDDI.

164
What is SOAP?
The basic Web services platform is XML plus HTTP.
•SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol
•SOAP is a communication protocol
•SOAP is for communication between applications
•SOAP is a format for sending messages
•SOAP is designed to communicate via Internet
•SOAP is platform independent
•SOAP is language independent
•SOAP is based on XML
•SOAP is simple and extensible
•SOAP allows you to get around firewalls
•SOAP will be developed as a W3C standard

165
WDSL And UDDI
WSDL
WSDL is an XML-based language for describing Web services and
how to access them.
•WSDL stands for Web Services Description Language
•WSDL is written in XML
•WSDL is an XML document
•WSDL is used to describe Web services
•WSDL is also used to locate Web services
•WSDL is not yet a W3C standard
What is UDDI?
UDDI is a directory service where businesses can register and
search for Web services.
•UDDI stands for Universal Description, Discovery and Integration
•UDDI is a directory for storing information about web services
•UDDI is a directory of web service interfaces described by WSDL
•UDDI communicates via SOAP
•UDDI is built into the Microsoft .NET platform

Heading towards a new model for the Internet
WWeebb
SSeerrvviiccee
166
XXMMLL
““BBuuiillddiinngg BBlloocckk
SSeerrvviicceess””
WWeebb
SSeerrvviiccee
HTML
CClliieenntt
DDeevviiccee
XML
CClliieenntt
DDeevviiccee
XXMMLL
WWeebb
SSeerrvviiccee
XML
WWeebb
SSeerrvviiccee
XXMMLL
XXMMLL

167
Web Services
PPuurrcchhaassee ccoouurrsseewwaarree
PPuurrcchhaasseedd
DDeessiiggnneedd ffoorr ppeeooppllee ttoo bbrroowwssee

168
Web Services
PPuurrcchhaassee CCoouurrsseewwaarree ?
Server ttoo sseerrvveerr iiss aa pprroobblleemm

169
Web Services
PPuurrcchhaassee CCoouurrsseewwaarree ?
Server ttoo sseerrvveerr iiss aa pprroobblleemm

170
Web Services
• Allow applications to communicate across the Internet
• Platform independent
• Protocol independent
• Synchronous/asynchronous
• Stateful/stateless
• BizTalk®
• ASP.NET

171
Web Services
..AA..AASSSSMMMMXXXX
Class Courseware
Class Courseware
WebMethod
WebMethod
GetPrice
Purchase
GetPrice
Purchase

172
Web Services
..A.AASSSSMMMMXXXX
TTeessttiinngg
CCoouurrsseewwaarree..aassmmxx
TTeesstt HHTTMMLL PPaaggee

173
Web Services
..AA..AASSSSMMMMXXXX
CCoouurrsseewwaarree..aassmmxx??WWSSDDLL
SSeerrvviiccee DDeeffiinniittiioonn((XXMMLL))
PPrrooxxyy
DDLLLL
PPrrooxxyy
DDLLLL
WWSSDDLL

RReeggiisstteerr ffoorr CCoouurrssee PPuurrcchhaassee CCoouurrsseewwaarree
174
Web Services
PPrrooxxyy
DDLLLL
PPrrooxxyy ..A.AASSSSMMMMXXXX
DDLLLL

176
Contents
1. Ajax Introduction
2. Ajax Transaction
3. Http Request in Ajax
4. Non-Ajax
5. Ajax Enabled
6. Using Ajax
7. Demo

AJAX
● Asynchronous – Communication can take place with the server
as the user is interacting with the page.
● JavaScript – Coding is done in JavaScript which is close to cross
browser compatible
177
● And
● XML – The original design was for data to be passed back and
forth using XML (i.e. Web Services). As we will see, there are now
other methods of passing data as well.

 AJAX is not a new programming language, but a technique for creating
better, faster, and more interactive web applications.
 With AJAX, your JavaScript can communicate directly with the server,
using the JavaScript XMLHttpRequest object. With this object, your JavaScript
can trade data with a web server, without reloading the page
 AJAX uses asynchronous data transfer (HTTP requests) between the
browser and the web server, allowing web pages to request small bits of
information from the server instead of whole pages.
 With an HTTP request, a web page can make a request to, and get a
response from a web server - without reloading the page. The user will stay on
the same page, and he or she will not notice that scripts request pages, or send
data to a server in the background.
 AJAX is a browser technology independent of web server software.
178
AJAX Transaction

179
Requests usage in AJAX
The XMLHttpRequest Object
By using the XMLHttpRequest object, a web developer can update a page
with data from the server after the page has loaded!
AJAX was made popular in 2005 by Google (with Google Suggest).
Google Suggest is using the XMLHttpRequest object to create a very
dynamic web interface: When you start typing in Google's search box, a
JavaScript sends the letters off to a server and the server returns a list of
suggestions.
The XMLHttpRequest object is supported in Internet Explorer 5.0+, Safari
1.2, Mozilla 1.0 / Firefox, Opera 8+, and Netscape 7.

Web Browser
Web Server
www.mypage.com
180
User http://www.myPage.com/
Page GET /
Non-Ajax

181
Non-Ajax
Web Browser
(Default.aspx)
User views new page
Web Server
User Some Interaction
www.mypage.com
POST Form Variables
Refresh entire page

182
Ajax Enabled
1st part same as before
Web Browser
Web Server
www.mypage.com
User
http://www.myPage.com/
GET /
Page

183
Ajax Enabled
Here is the different
Web Browser
(Default.aspx)
Javascript updates DOM
Web Server
www.mypage.com
User
Some Interaction
Asynchronous Data Chunk HTTP Callback

184
Using AJAX
Add reference ajax.dll to your project
Modify your web.config to configure IHttpHandler for Ajax.NET
requests
Write your methods in C#/VB.NET and add the attribute
[AjaxMethod]
Call Class1.Method1(param1, param2, callback, context); from
client-side JavaScript

Using AJAX
Methods only get attribute, no need to implement
185
interface or inherit from class
[AjaxMethod]
public int GetAge(string username){…}
Source-code doesn‘t change if you want to use the method
in server-side code
DemoMethods dm = new DemoMethods();
int age = dm.GetAge(“michael“);
WebServices can be used without code change:
<script type= “text/javascript“ src=“servie1.asmx?AJAX“></script>

186
Open The Web Application
In Solution Explorer choose
the add reference

In The Add Reference box
choose the AJAX dll
187

Browse the path where
the Ajax.dll located
188

Add the dll to our
application
189

Here the reference
should added
190

192
Demo : Add two values using AJAX

195
The values Added using
AJAX

Asp.net new

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Similar to Asp.net new (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Asp.net new

Editor's Notes