Assignment 1
- 1. Assignment-1
- 2. 1. What is Data communication? Ans: Data communications is the process of using computing and communication technologies to transfer data from one place to another, or between participating parties. 2. What is Network? Ans: A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources, exchange files, or allow electronic communications. 3. What is the difference between data communication and network? Ans: Data Communication: Data communications refers to the transmission of this digital data between two or more computers and a computer network or data network is a telecommunications network that allows computers to exchange data. Network: The physical connection between networked computing devices is established using either cable media or wireless media. The best-known computer network is the Internet. 4. What is PAN? Ans: Personal Area Network (PAN) is a the computer network that connects computers/devices within the range of an individual person. As PAN provides a network range within a person’s range typically within a range of 10 meters(33 feet) it is called as Personal Area Network.
- 3. 5. What is Node? Ans: A node is any active, physical, electronic device attached to a network. 6. What is LAN? Ans: Local Area Network (LAN) is a data communication network connecting various terminals or computers within a building or limited geographical area. The connection among the devices could be wired or wireless. 7. What is MAC Address? Ans: A media access control address (MAC address) is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for use as a network address in communications within a network segment. 8. What is NIC? Ans: A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component without which a computer cannot be connected over a network. It is a circuit board installed in a computer that provides a dedicated network connection to the computer. It is also called network interface controller, network adapter or LAN adapter.
- 4. 9. What is an IP Address? Ans: An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a numerical label assigned to the devices connected to a computer network that uses the IP for communication. 10. What are the types of addresses? Ans: Four types of addresses - Physical address, Logical address, Port address, and Application-specific address. 11. What is a Port? Ans: A port provides a specific physical interface between devices. It also refers to a point of connection between networks in the form of a node on a network where data packets are directed towards en route to the final destination address. 12. What are network devices? Ans: Network devices, or networking hardware, are physical devices that are required for communication and interaction between hardware on a computer network. 13. What is Hub? Ans: A hub is a physical layer networking device which is used to connect multiple devices in a network. They are generally used to connect computers in a LAN.
- 5. 14. What is Switch? Ans: A switch is a device in a computer network that connects other devices together. Multiple data cables are plugged into a switch to enable communication between different networked devices. 15. What is Bit and Byte? Ans: Bit - A bit is the smallest unit of data in a computer. A bit has a single binary value, either 0 or 1. Byte - The byte is defined as a contiguous sequence of bits in a serial data stream representing the smallest distinguished unit of data. 16. MAC Address is 48 bit? Ans: The IEEE 802 MAC address originally comes from the Xerox Network Systems Ethernet addressing scheme. This 48-bit address space contains potentially 248 possible MAC addresses. The IEEE manages allocation of MAC addresses, originally known as MAC-48 and which it now refers to as EUI- 48 identifiers. 17. What is Router? Ans: A router is a switching device for networks, which is able to route network packets, based on their addresses, to other networks or devices.
- 6. 18. What is Bridge? Ans: A bridge operates at data link layer. A bridge is a repeater, with add on the functionality of filtering content by reading the MAC addresses of source and destination. It is also used for interconnecting two LANs working on the same protocol. It has a single input and single output port, thus making it a 2 port device. 19. What is Repeater? Ans: A repeater operates at the physical layer. Its job is to regenerate the signal over the same network before the signal becomes too weak or corrupted so as to extend the length to which the signal can be transmitted over the same network. An important point to be noted about repeaters is that they do not amplify the signal. When the signal becomes weak, they copy the signal bit by bit and regenerate it at the original strength. It is a 2 port device. 20. What is an IP? Type of IP. Ans: An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a numerical label assigned to the devices connected to a computer network that uses the IP for communication. There are mainly four types of IP addresses: (a) Public, (b) Private, ( c) Static, (d) Dynamic.
- 7. 21. Class of IP. Ans: 22. What is Loopback Address? Ans: A loopback address is a special IP address, 127.0.0.1, reserved by InterNIC for use in testing network cards. This IP address corresponds to the software loopback interface of the network card, which does not have hardware associated with it, and does not require a physical connection to a network. Class A 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254 Class B 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 Class C 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254 Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255