1. Augustus made improvements to the Roman military by establishing a professional standing army of 150,000 citizens and a Praetorian Guard of 9,000 bodyguards for the emperor. He also conquered new lands, establishing a long period of peace and stability known as Pax Romana.
2. Augustus improved the Roman government by appointing proconsuls chosen by himself to govern provinces, gradually taking power away from the Senate.
3. Augustus also made improvements to Rome itself, building palaces, fountains, and public buildings which led to a flourishing of the arts. He imported grain to feed the poor citizens, creating a happier population.