Basic Concepts in Plant Science (Intro of Botany) by Dr. M.R.Bhise
- 1. By Prof. Dr. Mahendra R. Bhise, (M.Sc., Ph.D.) Assistant Professor, Dept. of Botany, Late Ku. Durga K. Banmeru Science College, Loni Road, Lonar. Dist. Buldhana. 443302 Email: mahendrabhise17@gmail.com By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 2. Origin of Botany • Father of Botany: Theophrastus (371 BC -287 BC) • The word ‘BOTANY’ derived from Greek noun ‘botane’ means herb. • BOTANY: it is the branch of BIOLOGY deals with the study of plants with various aspects. • All things can defined by their structure and function By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 3. Five Kingdome System For Classification of Living Organisms By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 4. In Water Body plant’s life is originated Unicelluar Microbes Cyanobacteria Multicellular Organism Fungi Algae Bryophytes Pteridophytes Gymnosperms Angiosperms Dicotyledons Monocottyledons Bacteria, Viruses Algae Bryophytes Pteridophytes Gymnosperms Angiosperms Cyanobacteria By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 5. By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 6. Characters of Plants • Autotrophic (synthesized their own food by Photosynthesis) • Alternation of Generation (Gametophytic & Sporophytic) • Reproduce by Vegetative, Asexual & Sexual method • Consume atmospheric CO2 & release O2 • Recycled the Elements • Maintain Water cycle • Serve a Food Resource for Heterotrophic group By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 7. Importance of Plants • Fulfill the basic needs (Food, Cloths & Shelter) of Human life • Produce Oxygen (O2) • Consume Carbon Dioxide (CO2) • Maintained Climate Cool • Provide food source to Herbivores • Regulate the Nutrient Cycle, Water Cycle • Serve as a Drug or Medicine • Increase Beauty of Nature • Ornamental Purpose • Provide Shade • Wood, Fuel, Furniture, Fossil Fuel By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 8. Branches of Botany Botany Fundamental Botany Microbes (Microbiology) Cyanobacteria Bacteria Viruses Cryptogams * Fungi (Mycology) *Algae (Algology/ Phycology) *Bryophytes *Pteridophyte s * Paleobotany * Taxonomy (Systematics) * Anatomy * Emryology * Cell Biology * Genetics * Biochemistry * Plant Physiology * Ecology * Plant Pathology Phanerogames Gymnosperms Angiosperms Applied Botany * Biotechnology * Molecular Biology * Pharmacognocy * Seed Technology * Economic Botany * Plant Breeding * Ethnobotany * Agriculture * Horticulture * Forestry * Food Technology * Vine TechnologyBy Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 9. By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 10. Diversity of Microbes & Plants • Protista: Paramecium, Ameoba • Monera: Bacteria (Rhizobium, E. Colii), Viruses (HIV, TMV) • Cyanobacteria: Anabeana, Nostoc, Oscillatoria • Algae: Spirogyra, Sargassum, Batrachospermum • Bryophytes: Riccia, Marchantia • Pteridophytes: Adiantum, Actinopteris, Nephrolepis • Gymnosperms: Cycas, Pinus, Gnetum • Angiosperms: Mango, Soyabean, Pea By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 11. Diversity of Plants Based on Life Duration 1. Ephimerals 2. Seasonal 3. Annual 4. Bianual 5. Perenial Based on Habit or body appearance 1. Herb 2. Climber 3. Twinner 4. Shrub 5. Tree By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 12. Natural Classification of Plants • Cryptogames 1. Algae (Fritsch & Smith) 2. Fungi (Ainsworth) 3. Bryophytes (Mosses) (G. Smith ) 4. Pteridopytes (Ferns) (G. M. Smith, ) • Phanerogames 1. Gymnopserms (D. D. Pant, ) 2. Angiosperms (Benthum & Hooker, ) By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 13. Habitats of Plants • Aquatic (Water loving Plants) 1. Hydrophytes 2. Halophytes • Terrestrial (Land Plants) 1. Mesophytes 2. Xerophytes By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 14. Habit of the Plants • Herb: • Climber: • Twinner: • Shrub: • Tree By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 15. Plant Parts • Root: Tap & Adventitious/ Fibrous Roots • Stem: Branched/ Unbranched • Leaves: Simple/ Compound • Inflorescence: Racemose/ Cymose • Flower: Calyx, Corolla, Androecium & Gynoecium By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 16. Reproduction in Plants Types • Vegetative • Asexual • Sexual Mechanism • Gamete Formation • Pollination • Fertilization • Fruit Formation • Seed Dispersal Mechanism By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 17. Interesting Plant Morphology • External Morphology (SEM Photo) Bark, Lenticell, Cuticle, Hairs, Trichomes, Spines, colour, flower colour • Internal Morphology: Stomata, Cellular Organization, Tissues, Primary & Secondary Growth By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 18. Special Plants • Insectivorous Plants • Epiphytic Plants • Ephemerals • Parasitic Plants • Obligate Parasitic Plants • Nocturnal Plants By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 19. Important Records of Plants Wolffia: Smallest flowering plants on Earth, found in ponds Eucalyptus regnans: tallest flowering plant species (99.6 m (327 ft) in Southern Tasmania) Victoria amazonica: largest leaves By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 20. Cycad (Lepidozamia hopei): Largest Gymnosperms (49 ft height) Cyathea brownii : Tallest Pteridophyte (66 ft height) Schistochila appendiculata: Largest Bryophytes (3.6 ft long) Rafflesia arnoldii: largest Flower By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 21. Interesting Plant Utilization • Asafoitida (Hing) • Dagadful (Lichen) • Flavors (Ice Creams, Chocolates) • Fragrance (Agarbatti, Kevada, Rose, Mogara, Chafa, Neem, Lemon, Sandal) • Paints/ Dyes: Hirda, Indigofera (Nil), Yellow (Bhend) By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 22. • Spices • Pharmaceuticals • Herbal Cosmetics • Supplements (Chocolate, Proteins, Oil, Glucose, Vitamins, • Biofertilizers • Biopesticides By Dr. M.R. Bhise
- 23. THANK YOU By Dr. M.R. Bhise