Introduction to Electronic Product Design
- 1. Dr. Anagha Parag Khedkar Introduction to Electronics Product Design
- 2. Outline 1/15/20192 Basic flow of Product design and life cycle General Framework for Product Development Concept Development System Requirements System Specifications Design and Development Prototype and Testing Disposal Reliability and Failures Conclusion References
- 3. Basic Flow of Product design and its Life Cycle 1/15/20193 Design & development of electronic products comes under Systematic Engineering. Systems engineering- follows systematic approach Systems engineering – provides a general framework to develop product Product development framework : starts from Concept till its disposal. All phases should maintain proper documentation Result expected- best product at lowest cost with optimum time to market.
- 4. Systems Engineering Aspects: General Framework for Product Development 1/15/20194 Product Concept Development Start Up Requirements Collection From Stakeholders Marketing, Research and Design Preparation of system specifications Research and Design Hardware and Software Design Research and Design Prototype Development and Testing and verification Research and Design and Testing Mass Manufacturing Production Maintenance and Support Maintenance and Repair Disposal Environmental Department
- 5. Concept Development 1/15/20195 Define the problem for development For defining the problem first look into customer objectives Customer and end user needs Regions of operation Constraints Regulations and standards
- 6. Customer Requirements 1/15/20196 Consider : Type and Culture of customer Corporate, social, economic, political etc. Requirements define What of the system but not how At the end, do analysis of requirements and refine the requirements.
- 7. Identifying the Customer Requirements 1/15/20197 Product development typically starts by Identifying- what the customer wants Or User may be looking for automating the existing industrial process expanding his current manufacturing
- 8. Identifying the Customer Requirements 1/15/20198 Understand the requirement: Marketing or sales person should understand the requirements thoroughly. Proper solution : A number of meetings are required to correctly understand the process and arrive at a proper solution.
- 9. Classify Requirements 1/15/20199 General Types: 1. Performance: range, speed, throughput, resolution 2. Reliability & maintainability: failure rate 3. Human factors & user interface: ease of use 4. Safety & failure mode : fault analysis 5. Operational regimes & environment: extreme temperatures 6. Logistics support: maintenance tasks
- 10. System Requirements Specifications (SRS) Document 1/15/201910 After analysis and refinement of requirements, prepare SRS document. It includes functional requirements, performance requirements, interface requirements, design requirements, and development standards. SRS provides a view from outside of the system. Follow standard formats for SRS preparation.
- 11. Convert Requirements to Specifications 1/15/201911 Customer’s requirement must be correctly translated in to the formal specifications of a product/system. Transform SRS document to System Design Specifications (SDS) document. SDS is based on SRS and specifies how of the system, but not what. SDS must specify how requirements are to be met by internal functions of system. SDS is a complete document that contains all of the information needed to develop the system.
- 12. Designing the Product 1/15/201912 Systems design is the process of defining the architecture, components, modules, interfaces, and data for a system to satisfy specified requirements. Partitioning : Hardware design and Software Design Designed to specifications paper design prototyping with acceptable method(s), development of R & D prototype R & D prototype is thoroughly tested for technical and functional specifications • Field trials • May requires some design modifications • Engineering prototype
- 13. Engineering Prototype 1/15/201913 Rapid prototyping – short duration Useful for human interface aspects (ease of use, response latency) Field testing – longer duration Beta testing: setting up prototype at various customer sites for initial evaluation
- 14. Validation, Verification and Integration 1/15/201914 Validation: determines how well the requirements suit the intent of system. Verification: evaluates how well the system satisfies the requirements. Integration: process of assembling the components and subsystems and performing the acceptance tests of validation & verification.
- 15. Engineering Prototype Testing and manufacture 1/15/201915 Environmental tests Field Trials Modifications may be carried out This completes the first phase of product design. Making Pilot Production Batch Quality Assurance Check Mass manufacturing Maintenance
- 16. Disposal of Product: e-waste 1/15/201916 Electronic waste(e-waste) management is essential phase of product life cycle. To ensure environmental safety and effective use of resources, follow Reduce Reuse Recycle Continuous update of technology leads to large e- waste.
- 17. Reliability 1/15/201917 Reliability is the probability that a system will perform its specified function successfully in a given operating environment. It plays major role in cost effectiveness of system. Ensures quality over time and environmental conditions Reliable product demands for reliable components and subsystems. No. of tests performed throughout manufacture to ensure reliability. An electronic product may fail due to number of reasons.
- 18. Causes of failure 1/15/201918 Noise coupling by various mechanisms into electronic product. Components used have incorrect values especially resistance, inductance, capacitance, or dielectric properties. Vibrations and shocks. Extreme temperature conditions. Improper Packaging and enclosures. Due to improper shielding for EMI or due to Electrostatic Discharge (ESD). Wiring problems in system.
- 19. Disposal of Product: e-waste 1/15/201919 Electronic waste(e-waste) management is essential phase of product life cycle. To ensure environmental safety and effective use of resources, follow principles Reduce Reuse Recycle Continuous update of technology leads to large e- waste.
- 20. Conclusion 1/15/201920 This is brief overview of basic product life cycle and its various phases. Each phase itself is a thorough process associated with proper and neat documentation. Following and standardizing each and every phase makes the successful product design.
- 21. References 1/15/201921 1. Kim R. Fowler, “Electronic Instrument Design: Architecting for the Life Cycle”, Oxford University Press, 2nd Edition, 2007. 2. James K. Peckol, “Embedded Systems – A Contemporary Design Tool”, Wiley publication, 2008.