Basic Understanding of Remote Sensing.pdf
- 1. Basic Concept of Remote Sensing By NETRA Foundation
- 2. “From the original watchtower through the anchored balloons to the reconnaissance aircraft and remote sensing satellite, one and the same function has been indefinitely repeated, the eye’s function being the function of the weapon” Paul Virilio
- 3. Remote sensing is a technological that enables the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without physical contact. It involves the use of various sensors to gather the data, such as electromagnetic radiation, from a distance. WHAT IS REMOTE SENSING?
- 4. DEFINITION & SCOPE OF REMOTE SENSING Remote sensing can be defined as the science of capturing and interpreting data about the Earth’s surface and atmosphere using sensors. Its scope extends to a wide range of fields, including environmental monitoring, agriculture, land use planning, and weather forecasting.
- 6. 1858 - Gasper Felix Tournachon “Nadar” takes the first aerial photograph from a captive balloon from an altitude of 1,200 feet over Paris 1903 - The Bavarian Pigeon Corps uses pigeons to transmit messages and take aerial photos 1914 - WW1 provided a boost in the use of aerial photography, but after the war, enthusiasm waned 1946 - First space photographs from V-2 rockets. 1954 - U-2 takes first flight 1959 - EXPLORER-7 launched, carried Suomi radiometer measuring solar & terrestrial radiation (ERB Study) 1960 - TIROS-1 launched, Carried just an ordinary TV camera. It was the beginning of Satellite Meteorology
- 7. Electromagnetic Radiation Remote sensing relies on the principle that all objects emit or reflect electromagnetic radiation. PRINCIPLES OF REMOTE SENSING Sensor System Sensors play a vital role in remote sensing by capturing and recording electromagnetic radiation.
- 8. DATA ACQUISITION IN REMOTE SENSING The acquired data undergoes processing and analysis to extract meaningful insights, such as identifying land use patterns or monitoring natural disasters. The accuracy and reliability of the acquired data are vital for informed decision-making in sectors like agriculture, urban planning, and disaster management. Efficient data acquisition ensures the availability of up-to-date and pertinent information for diverse application. Satellite: Satellite gather data by capturing images of the Earth’s surface. Aerial Platform: Drones or Aircrafts provide high resolution imagery for detailed analysis. Ground-based Platform: Ground-based sensors are employed for specific applications, such as weather monitoring and environmental studies.
- 9. STAGES OF REMOTE SENSING Source of energy or Illumination Radiation and the Atmosphere Interaction with the Target Recording of the Energy by the Sensors Transmission, Reception and Processing Interpretation and Analysis Application
- 10. Lorna Alvarado Satellite Remote Sensing vs. Aerial Photography
- 11. Aerial Photography Speed: very high, high temporal resolution Level of details: 50 cm in Geo Eye-1 Weather condition: cloud is big hinderance in optical data Type of data: less, as each new data type needs new satellite launching Location: cross boarder images and large swath images can be easily taken Post processing: easy because of single image covering large area Speed: slow, needs more time to cover an area, not regular Level of details: may go upto 2.5 cm Weather condition: may work in high and thin cloud Type of data: high, as new data type needs new sensors to be mounted in aircraft Location: cross boarder images cannot be taken without permission Post processing: tough due to large number of images covering a small area Satellite Remote Sensing
- 12. TYPES OF REMOTE SENSING Active Remote Sensing: Sensors emit energy in order to scan the object and area, then the sensor detects and measures the radiation reflected by the object. LIDAR(CALIPSO, LITE), RADAR(SAR, PR, CPR), SONAR Passive Remote Sensing: Sensors detect natural radiation emitted or reflected by the object or surrounding area. ASTER, LANSDSAT, AVHRR, MODIS
- 13. APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING Natural Resource Management: LULC, Hydrology, Habitat analysis, Environmental assessment, Lake monitoring, Pest or disease outbreak. Geology: Surficial deposit / bedrock mapping, Lithological mapping, Structural mapping, Sand and gravel (aggregate) exploration/exploitation, Mineral exploration. Forestry: Forest mineral mapping and updation, Forest change detection, Forest resource inventory. Agriculture: Crop health analysis, Precision agriculture, Compliance mapping, Yield estimation. Urbanization: Road map updation, Asphalt condition, Wetland Delineation. National Security: Targeting, Disaster mapping and monitoring, Damage assessment, Homeland security, Policy making.
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