Basics of data_interpretation

DATA INTERPRETATIONBasics of Data Interpretation

Data Interpretation can be defined as "the application of statistical procedures to analyze specific observed or assumed facts from a particular study". Data interpretation is something that is pretty common in education circles. They come as questions in tests to understand how much a student has understood the subject at hand. In school, college, university and higher educational levels, data interpretation is common. Introduction

In various entrance exams for colleges too, data interpretation is used as a means to understand a student's grasp of the subject.It is very important to understand how to interpret data in order to do well in these tests. It is especially important in case of students planning to study finance and mathematics. Introduction

The act of organizing and interpreting data to get meaningful information.It involves scientific methods for organizing, summarizing and analyzing data.Valid conclusion & Making Reasonable decisions based on the analysis.Meaning of Data Interpretation

The data pertaining to any situation can be presented in one or more of the following ways:Methods of Presenting Data

Any statistical data pertaining to any kind of situation can be generally represented in the form of Table.It is the easiest and the most accurate ways of presenting data.In a table, data is arranged systematically in columns and rows. Numerical Data Tables

Title of the Table: It gives the description of the contents of the table and precisely defines the kind of data and the period for which it occurred.Column Heading:This defines the information contained in various columns and also specifies the unit of measurement in some cases.Head Note:Unit of measurement is specified in the head note.Foot Notes:Used point out any exceptions in arriving at the data.Numerical Data Tables

Time Series TablesSpatial or Geographical Series TableFrequency Distribution TableCumulative Frequency TableClassification of Numerical Data Tables

A series of values of a variable arranged according to the successive periods of time in a tabular form is called a time series tables.Here, the data is presented with reference to a time period, year, month, week or day, may be either ascending or descending period of time.Time Series Tables

Spatial or Geographical Series TableA series of values of some variable arranged according to location or a geographical basis in a tabular form.

Frequency Distribution TableWhen summarizing large masses of raw data it is often useful to distribute the data into classes or categories and to determine the number of individuals belonging to each class, called class frequency.A tabular arrangement of data by classes, together with the corresponding class frequencies is called Frequency Distribution Table.

Cumulative Frequency TableCumulative frequency of a class interval is the sum of frequencies of all classes up to that class (including the frequency of that particular class).Consider the following cumulative frequency table which shows the marks obtained by 30 students in an examination

Example-01The following table gives data of number of cars produced and sold by three companies. It also gives the number of cars that can be produced by the three companies. Capacity utilization is defined as the ratio of production to capacity and sale efficiency is the ratio of sales to production.

Problem-01The capacity utilization was the highest for which of the following category of cars?HM 1998MUL 1998MUL 1988HM 1998The only way to solve the question is to calculate the percentage of capacity utilization.% of capacity utilization = (Production/Capacity) x 100Ans: C

Problem-02The sales of three companies put together has risen by what percentage from 1998 to 1998?223%115%310%285%Sales of 1988Sales of 1998Increase in percentage = (Sales 1998-Sales1988/Sales 1988) x 100Ans: A

Problem-03The highest growth percentage in sales over the period was…. Between three companies.135% PAL312% for MUL230% for PAL405% for MULFrom the table , we can find that max. number increases in MUL Hence percentage increasesIncrease in percentage = (Sales 1998-Sales1988/Sales 1988) x 100Ans: C

Problem-04If all cars that remained unsold at the end of the year were auctioned, which company had the biggest auction in terms of the number of cars put for sale?HM 1998MUL 1998PAL 1988MUL 1998The difference in the production and sales is maximum for MUL 1998(425000-417000) = 8000Ans: B

Example-02Study the following table carefully and answer the questions given below

Problem-01What is the respective ratio of the number of adult females to the total number of female children staying in all the societies together243 :82112 : 7182 : 24371 : 112 None of theseYou need to find the female and male kidsAns: A

Problem-02What is the total number of female children staying in all the societies together?314433410343None of theseAns: C

Problem-03What is the respective ratio of the total number of adult males in societies A and B together to the total number of adult males in societies E and F together?75:7914:1779:7517:14None of theseAns: D

Problem-04What is the total number of members staying in all the societies together?3520336041003000None of theseAns: B

Problem-05What is the difference between the number of male children in society B and the number of male children in society F?84149626None of theseAns: C

A Cartesian graph indicates the variation of a quantity with respect to two parameters calibrated on the X and Y axis respectively.Useful for determining trends and rates of exchange.CARTESIAN GRAPHS

Single Dependent – Variable Graph

More than one Dependent Variable Graph

Basics of data_interpretation

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked (7)

Similar to Basics of data_interpretation (20)

More from Vasista Vinuthan (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Basics of data_interpretation