![The vowel cluster with [er] where
the /r/ is not pronounced is a
close cousin to the “her”
problem.
Incorrect word correct word
Amreica America](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bassjayneu11a1languagecomparison-111127124058-phpapp02/85/Bass-jayne-u11a1-language-comparison-11-320.jpg)
![The dd makes the /d/ sound and
/d/ and /t/ are both consonant
[anterior] stops.
Incorrect word correct word
Meted middle](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bassjayneu11a1languagecomparison-111127124058-phpapp02/85/Bass-jayne-u11a1-language-comparison-20-320.jpg)
![The sound for /v/ and /f/ are both
[LABIAL] – [ROUND]
Incorrect word correct word
Bevfor before](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bassjayneu11a1languagecomparison-111127124058-phpapp02/85/Bass-jayne-u11a1-language-comparison-25-320.jpg)
Bass jayne u11a1 language comparison
- 1. English as a Second Language: when Spanish was the first language A Comparison By Jayne Bass
- 2. Key Features of Spanish • Spanish is a romance language • 400 million native speakers • Spoken in Spain, Latin America and the USA • 34 million people, 12.2 percent, of the population more than five years old speak Spanish at home (Wikipedia) • Spanish is written in the Latin Alphabet • a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, ñ, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z, ch, ll. • The letters "k" and "w" are used only in words and names coming from foreign languages • pronunciation can be entirely determined from spelling
- 3. Spanish compared to English Both use the Roman alphabet 30% to 40% of all words in English have related words in Spanish Spanish is a much more heavily inflected language than English 5 pure vowels and 5 dipthongs
- 4. Impact of L1 on the Development of the English Language Learner Spanish is highly inflected language (English is not) Affix usage is an area of difficulty Spanish does not use quotation marks Spanish does not use contractions Spanish does not use auxiliaries Spanish does use a subject – verb – object but Spanish allows for flexibility in word movement.
- 5. Case Study Student: Liz Grade: 5Th From: Mexico Years in USA: 3.5 years Home Language: Spanish Proficiency: Speaking only – no ability in reading or writing Hardest problem: Exception to sounds
- 6. Instruction Implication The following slides will show examples of Liz’s incorrect word and the correct words A probable reason for these errors is also given
- 7. Liz used the wrong affix in the following samples causing a shift in the tense of the word. Incorrect word correct word Building buildings Leted let Sharing shared Start started Room rooms Immigrant immigrants Live lived
- 8. In the following words she knew to change the affix but spelled it incorrectly. Incorrect word correct word Inportnt important Lookd looked
- 9. Liz used the wrong vowel sound in the following: Incorrect word correct word Wall will
- 10. Vowel clusters that end with”-r” are still confusing to Liz as shown in this example. Incorrect word correct word Hre her
- 11. The vowel cluster with [er] where the /r/ is not pronounced is a close cousin to the “her” problem. Incorrect word correct word Amreica America
- 12. Missing the silent e frequently occurs. Incorrect word correct word Stor store Lik like
- 13. There are changes found in ordinal numbers. Incorrect word correct word Fivth fifth Forth fourth Three third
- 14. The famous spelling pattern – I before E except after C is lacking. Incorrect word correct word Frinds friends
- 15. Drop the e when adding –ing is troublesome for Liz. Incorrect word correct word Have ing having Shakeing shaking
- 16. Words that contained diphthongs are always a challenge for Liz. Incorrect word correct word Agane again Bote boat Peapel people Terarer teacher
- 17. Internal changes for past tense occur often. Incorrect word correct word Spented spent Telled told
- 18. The incorrect use of determiner was used in the following examples. (These are only a few words from the sentences written by Liz.) Incorrect word correct word Didn’t have no work didn’t have work Help the rebuild help rebuild In earthquake an earthquake In the city the city Over 2000,000 that people over 200,000 people
- 19. She misused the /ei/ sound. Incorrect word correct word Stae stay
- 20. The dd makes the /d/ sound and /d/ and /t/ are both consonant [anterior] stops. Incorrect word correct word Meted middle
- 21. Incorrect vowel sounds. Incorrect word correct word Tall tell Tame time
- 22. Reduced vowel sounds. Incorrect word correct word Compter computer Frget forget
- 23. The second e is voiceless. Incorrect word correct word Wednsday Wednesday
- 24. The correct word for the /ei/ sound. Incorrect word correct word Thay they
- 25. The sound for /v/ and /f/ are both [LABIAL] – [ROUND] Incorrect word correct word Bevfor before
- 26. Instruction Implications Use of suffixes Internal changes for past tense words Contractions Silent letters Diphthongs
- 27. Quotation: “Phonemic awareness is defined as the ability to perceive and manipulate the sounds (phonemes) that make up words in oral language” (Freeman and Freeman 2004, Pg. 75)
- 28. Summary Lizis progressing but has obstacles that slow her learning. Limited L1 learning to transfer to L2 Nervousness and anxiety towards tests No support in English at home
- 29. Conclusion Liz’s language situation is not unique. Many who move here from a Spanish speaking country stop learning in Spanish. This was done after the time when learning acquisition has past. Native learners learn from listening first to our families. Students who come into English during the school years only hear English spoken in school. Students develop an interlanguage and even fossilize errors in what knowledge they try to transfer between the two languages.