Beginnings American Identity Website version cyg
- 2. Use as many Cornell Notes pages as you need. I will grade you on the notes, the questions, and the summary the day before every Chapter test.
- 3. Jamestown- 1607 • 1st Permanent English settlement in the Americas. • Colony of Virginia • 1610- James Rolf
- 4. Jamestown- 1607 Watch the “Jamestown” video on the video links section.
- 6. Jamestown Write complete sentences on your paper about each topic you saw in the movie: 1) The journey to Jamestown from England. 2) Description of America at that time. 3) The reason the first settlers came. 4) Problems they found. 5) How John Rolf saved the colony. 6) Pocahontas 7) Who had power? 8) Was it a good government?
- 8. Slide 1: Land, Rights, and Wealth Land ownership gave colonists : political rights wealth social position received the best seats in church, were treated with respect from others.
- 9. Slide 2: Colonial Social Rank HIGH large landowners church officials government officials wealthy merchants UPPER MIDDLE small farmers tradespeople LOWER MIDDLE renters unskilled workers LOW indentured servants slaves Cotton Mather (Judge at the Salem Witch Trials)
- 10. Slide 3 Women and the Economy Most white women were farm wives They cooked, cleaned, churned butter, made soap and candles, spun fibers, wove cloth, sewed and knitted clothes, and did many other chores. Women did not have many rights. Women could not vote, preach or hold office A married woman could not own property without her husband’s permission. By law, the money a woman earned belonged to her husband.
- 11. Slide 4: Young People at Work Children’s work supported the colonial economy. Families were large (most had 6 to 8 children) At six years old, boys were “breeched” or given a pair of pants & began to help their fathers at work At 11 years old, boys were apprenticed. Apprentice – a beginner who learns a trade or craft from an experienced master
- 12. Slide 5: Colonial Schooling Most children were taught to read the Bible Only children from rich families learned writing and arithmetic. Most children were finished with school by age 7. Textbooks emphasized religion Colonial America had a high literacy rate
- 15. Slide 6: Newspapers and Books There were over 100 newspapers by 1790! Colonists began to publish their own books Almanacs were very popular. Published poetry, regional history, autobiographies “Captive Narrative” was a unique form of literature found in the colonies- It told the stories of people captured by Indians.
- 16. Almanacs predicted what the weather would be and tides, and many other things. Why would colonists need to know weather predictions and tides?
- 17. The Pilgrims: Watch the “Piligrims” video on the video links section.
- 19. Slide 7: Jonathan Edwards At first, most people believed in Predestination- That God had decided your life and there was nothing you could do about it! In the 1730’s, Jonathan Edwards was one of the best known preachers. He frightened his listeners with hell fire and brimstone sermons- They needed to pray to decide the right thing to do, AND do it!
- 21. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. Watch the “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” video on the video links section.
- 22. Slide 8: Great Awakening People thought they HAD to decide & do the right thing or they would burn in Hell. Churches gained many new members It inspired colonists to help others (George Whitefield started a home for orphans) It encouraged ideas of equality and the right to challenge authority It contributed to the revolution.
- 26. Slide 9: The Enlightenment Emphasized reason and science as paths to knowledge. Ben Franklin: famous Enlightenment figure. John Locke argued people have natural rights- life, liberty and property people create government to protect their rights if government fails, people have right to change it
- 27. Vocabulary Check Apprentice – a beginner who learns a trade or craft from an experienced master Great Awakening – a revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1740s Jonathan Edwards – one of the best-known preachers who terrified listeners with images of God’s anger but promised they could be saved George Whitefield – drew thousands of people with his sermons and raised funds to start a home for orphans Enlightenment – an 18th-century movement that emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method to obtain knowledge Benjamin Franklin – a businessperson and inventor who became one of the best known political thinkers in the colonies John Locke – an English philosopher who argued that people have natural rights
- 28. 1. A religious movement that swept through the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s 2. A traveling minister who drew thousands with his sermons and started a home for orphans 3. A businessperson and inventor who became one of the best known political thinkers in the colonies 4. An English philosopher who argued that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property 5. A movement that emphasized reason and science as the paths to knowledge A. Jonathan Edwards B. Enlightenment C. Benjamin Franklin D. Great Awakening E. John Locke F. George Whitefield
- 33. Slide 10: Magna Carta Magna Carta (Great Charter) written in 1215 signed by King John most important document in English law limited the power of the king for the first time listed the rights of the English people
- 34. Slide 11:Parliament and Colonial Government One of the most important rights was to elect representatives to government Colonists set up their own representative governments modeled after Parliament Parliament had no representatives from the colonies, but the laws they passed affected the colonies.
- 35. Parliament- Elected representatives who Make Laws. Watch the “Parliament” Video on the video links section of the website.
- 37. Slide 12:Glorious Revolution The English Parliament decided to overthrow King James for not respecting its rights. Parliament offered the throne to his daughter, Mary and her husband William. James fled and Mary and William became the new monarchs! This change in leadership is known as the Glorious Revolution.
- 39. Slide 13: English Bill of Rights1689 spelled out the rights of English citizens gave Parliament, NOT the king the right to make laws established the principle: the government was to be based on laws made by Parliament, not on the desires of a ruler!
- 42. Slide 14: Shared Power in the Colonies The royal governor, his council and the colonial assembly shared power. During the first half of the 1700’s, England interfered very little in colonial affairs.
- 43. This hands-off policy was called salutary neglect. Parliament made many laws regulating the colonies but the governors ignored the laws and the colonists got used to acting on their own!
- 44. The Zenger Trial 1735 John Peter Zenger was tried for printing criticism of the New York governor. The jury found him NOT-GUILTY stating that people had the right to speak the truth. The right of freedom of the press in the colonies was established!
- 46. The burning of Zenger's New York Weekly Journal (Bettman Archive)
- 47. Vocabulary Check Magna Carta – “Great Charter”; a document guaranteeing basic political rights in England, approve by King John in 1215 Parliament – England’s chief lawmaking body Edmund Andros – the royal governor of New England who angered colonists by ending their representative government Glorious Revolution – the overthrow of English King James II in 1688 and his replacement by William and Mary English Bill of Rights – an agreement signed by William and Mary to respect the rights of English citizens and of Parliament, including the right to free elections Salutary neglect – a hands off policy of England toward its American colonies during the first half of the 1700s John Peter Zenger – publisher of the New-York Weekly Journal who stood trial for printing criticism of New York’s governor
- 48. 1. The first steps to limit the power of England’s king were taken in the A. Parliament B. Magna Carta 2. British laws that affected the colonies were made by A. The king B. The Parliament 3. The ruling family of England changed as a result of A. The Glorious Revolution B. The Magna Carta 4. The principle that government should be based on laws and not on the whims of a ruler was established by A. The English Bill of Rights B. The Magna Carta 5. The English policy of interfering very little in colonial affairs was called A. The Bill of Rights B. Salutary neglect
- 49. The French and Indian War -Section 3
- 52. VERY VERY VERY IMPORTANT!!!! The French and Indian War was NOT between the French and Indians!!!!!!!!!!!!! IT was a war between the BRITISH and the FRENCH and their INDIAN allies!!!!!!!!!! It was for control of North America. French and Indian War – a conflict in North America from, 1754-1763 that was part of a worldwide struggle between France and England; England defeated France and gained French Canada
- 53. Slide 15: French & Indian War The English and the French were fighting over land and the fur trade. They made a lot of money by trapping animals and selling the fur to other countries. Britain won the war!! Britain gained all of North America east of the Mississippi River. Britain raised taxes on the Colonies because of all the money they spent on the war. French power was forever ended in North America
- 54. Slide 16:Albany Plan of Union While Washington was busy fighting, Benjamin Franklin suggested the colonies band together for defense. The Albany Plan of union was the first formal written proposal to unite the colonies. The colonial legislatures did not Albany Plan of Union – the first formal proposal to unite the American colonies, put forth by Benjamin Franklin
- 56. The Treaty of Paris Ended the French and Indian War in 1763 Britain claimed all of North America east of the Mississippi River. France gave Spain New Orleans and Louisiana for helping them. Britain got Florida.
- 57. Slide 17: Pontiacs Uprising Britain took over French forts and refused to give supplies to the Native Americans. Native Americans attacked settlers and destroyed almost every British fort west of the Appalachians. The British retaliated by giving Indian leaders blankets contaminated with small pox. This started a deadly
- 58. Was this a fair way to fight a war?
- 65. Slide 18: Proclamation of 1763 The uprising made the British government see that defending Western lands would be costly. The government issued the Proclamation of 1763 which forbade colonists to settle west of the Appalachians. The colonists were angry!!
- 66. Vocabulary Check French and Indian War – a conflict in North America from, 1754-1763 that was part of a worldwide struggle between France and Britain; Britain defeated France and gained French Canada Albany Plan of Union – the first formal proposal to unite the American colonies, put forth by Benjamin Franklin Battle of Quebec – a battle won by the British over the French, and the turning point in the French and Indian War Treaty of Paris – the 1763 treaty that ended the French and Indian War; Britain gained all of North America east of the Mississippi River Pontiac’s Rebellion – a revolt against British forts and American settlers in 1763, let in part by Ottawa war leader Pontiac, in response to settlers’ claims of Native American land and to harsh treatment by British soldiers Proclamation of 1763 – an order in which Britain prohibited its American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
- 67. Quiz 5.3 A. Albany Plan of Union B. Battle of Quebec C. French and Indian War D. Pontiac’s Uprising E. Proclamation of 1763 F. Treaty of Paris 1. This forbade the English colonists from settling on lands west of the Appalachian Mountains. 2. Conflicts over land and fur trade caused this. 3. This was the turning point of the French and Indian War. 4. Benjamin Franklin first proposed this. 5. This led to the Proclamation of 1763.