![PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G
Supermarket Need Index
Index Formula (weights
not shown):
SNI = [POP] + [CAR] +
[INCOME] + [DIAB]
+ [OBES] + [5FRV] +
[FFRET] + [CAP]
POP = Population density score
CAR = Access to a car score (low access ranks higher)
INCOME = Household income (low income ranks
higher)
DIAB = Diabetes rates by UHF (high rates rank higher)
OBES = Obesity rates by UHF (high rates rank higher)
5FRV = Daily consumption of fresh fruits and
vegetables (low rates rank higher)
FFRET = Share of fresh food retail (low rates rank
higher)
CAP = Population capacity for new stores (more people
served by less supermarket square footage ranks
higher)
Source: NYC Dept. City Planning. (2008). Going to Market: New York City’s Neighborhood Grocery Store and Supermarket
Shortage. http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/supermarket/index.shtml. Accessed on February 11th, 2009.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/piimgoransoncolumbia2011finalpub-13214603727434-phpapp02-111116102403-phpapp02/85/Beyond-the-Static-Map-Health-Data-Viz-and-Crowdsourcing-15-320.jpg)
Beyond the Static Map: Health, Data Viz and Crowdsourcing
- 1. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Beyond the Static Map: Health, Data Viz and Crowdsourcing Columbia University September 29th, 2011 Chris Goranson Parsons Institute for Information Mapping The New School
- 2. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G About us… The Parsons Institute for Information Mapping (PIIM) is a research and real-world development facility within The New School. Our mission is to develop innovative methods and tools to: • Visualize large, complex volumes of data • Streamline analysis and prediction • Enable rapid cognition and response to unfolding events • Educate and disseminate the value of visualization
- 3. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Who we are… Our team has competencies in • User interface and data visualization • User experience and interaction • Engineering, software development, systems integration • Usability analysis, research and practice • Geographic Information Systems and geospatial research
- 4. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G
- 5. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G
- 6. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G
- 7. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G
- 8. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G What is GIS? • GIS stands for “Geographic Information System” • GIS is a computer information system that can: – Input – Store – Manipulate – Display – Analyze …spatial data in order to support a decision making process (what is spatial data?) Source: Esri, Inc.
- 9. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G How can GIS be used in Public Health? GIS can support public health policy through: • The creation of basic mapping products • Providing location-based information • Identifying possible relationships that influence a particular policy or belief. • Identify real spatial correlations that exist in the data and that can help inform a public policy decision or stance.
- 10. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Using GIS in Health Research GIS can help you: • Find features (nearby services or facilities) • Identify patterns • Map quantities (political party affiliation by County) • Densities (low-income, non-English speaking households) • Map change (CBO growth) • Combine data sources, mash-up data (I can view my results and share them in Google Earth)
- 11. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G The Food Retail Expansion to Support Health (FRESH) Program • Residents in some areas have limited opportunity to buy fresh, nutritious food. • More neighborhood grocery stores and supermarkets would reduce food costs and increase quality and convenience. • Growing body of literature supports notion that proximity to grocery store is associated with better health outcomes. Source: NYC Dept. City Planning; NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene; NYC Mayor’s Office (2011). Discussion of Food Deserts in New York City.
- 12. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G FRESH cont’d • The Introduction of new neighborhood grocery stores increases property values, expands city’s tax base and creates jobs. • Full-line food stores are high-value magnets that attract complementary stores and services. • New stores contribute to the physical revitalization of communities. Source: NYC Dept. City Planning; NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene; NYC Mayor’s Office (2011). Discussion of Food Deserts in New York City.
- 13. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Related City Policies • The Food Retail Expansion to Support Health Program, or FRESH: Targets grocery store development in underserved areas of NYC through zoning and tax incentives, • Healthy Bodegas: works with bodegas in East and Central Harlem, the South Bronx and Central Brooklyn to increase access to and promote healthy foods, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grain bread, low-fat milk and dairy products, and low-salt and no-sugar-added canned goods, • Health Bucks: Health Bucks, worth $2 each, are developed and distributed by NYC Health Department District Public Health Offices and can be used to purchase fresh fruits & vegetables at participating farmers markets. • Green Carts: Green Carts are mobile food vending carts that sell fresh produce in areas of NYC. These areas encompass FRESH eligible neighborhoods. Source: NYC Dept. City Planning; NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene; NYC Mayor’s Office (2011). Discussion of Food Deserts in New York City.
- 14. 2007 Community Health Survey • Consumption of fruits and vegetables is lowest • A 2006 study published in the American in neighborhoods where obesity and diabetes Journal of Preventive Medicine (AJPM) found levels are high – Harlem, the Bronx, far eastern the presence of a supermarket* reduced the Queens and the Rockaways, central Brooklyn, prevalence of overweight and obese residents.** and northern Staten Island. **Morland K, Diez Roux AV, Wing S., ‘Supermarkets, other food stores, and obesity: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study.’
- 15. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Supermarket Need Index Index Formula (weights not shown): SNI = [POP] + [CAR] + [INCOME] + [DIAB] + [OBES] + [5FRV] + [FFRET] + [CAP] POP = Population density score CAR = Access to a car score (low access ranks higher) INCOME = Household income (low income ranks higher) DIAB = Diabetes rates by UHF (high rates rank higher) OBES = Obesity rates by UHF (high rates rank higher) 5FRV = Daily consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables (low rates rank higher) FFRET = Share of fresh food retail (low rates rank higher) CAP = Population capacity for new stores (more people served by less supermarket square footage ranks higher) Source: NYC Dept. City Planning. (2008). Going to Market: New York City’s Neighborhood Grocery Store and Supermarket Shortage. http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/supermarket/index.shtml. Accessed on February 11th, 2009.
- 16. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Alcohol Advertisement Indexing Project (Bureau of Alcohol & Drug Use, Prevention Care & Treatment – NYC DOHMH) Credit: Mishka Vance Do above ground, stationary industry alcohol advertisements vary across low-, medium-, or high- income NYC neighborhoods? Source: NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2010.
- 17. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Walkable Neighborhoods
- 18. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Media and Communications Ecosystem Source: Mediashift – “How Mapping, SMS Platforms Saved Lives in Haiti Earthquake”
- 19. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Maps are great, but… • What do we do when we need to show more than just a map? • Is a map alone necessarily the most effective way to communicate a message? • What tools are there that allow me to do more with my data? Source: NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2011.
- 20. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G A standard, thematic map. • Good representation of one or two variables. • Easy to interpret. • Not so good at representing more than two variables. • Can suggest correlations where none exist. Source: NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2010, 2011.
- 21. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G A map with a dynamic table. • Updates as my selection changes. • Provides more information than possible through thematic map alone. Source: NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2010, 2011.
- 22. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G A map with a bar graph. • Good complement to existing map if I need to represent multiple variables for one area without crowding map. • Dynamically update based on selected area Source: NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2010, 2011.
- 23. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Working with temporal data. • Google’s Public Data Explorer • Line Chart • Bar Chart • Map Chart • Bubble Chart Source: NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2011.
- 24. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Google Public Data Explorer Examples: • NYC Death Mortality Trend Rate per 100K – homicide: http://goo.gl/OE3Nw • % Obesity and Diabetes Bubble Graph: http://goo.gl/uxBuz • % Overweight and Obese Bar Graph: http://goo.gl/7dRZg • % Diabetes Map: http://goo.gl/jbCnd Source: NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2011.
- 25. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Sometimes simple is best.. "No graphic in human history has saved so many lives in africa and asia." - NY Times columnist Nicholas Kristof. "I was really proud of this impact that my worldwide reporting and 3,500-word article had had. But then bill confessed that actually it wasn't the article itself that had grabbed him so much -- it was the graphic. It was just a two column, inside graphic, very simple, listing third world health problems and how many people they kill. but he remembered it after all those years and said that it was the single thing that got him redirected toward public health." - Nicholas Kristof, in response to a NY Times column by Steve Duenes in 2008 (then graphics director for The Times). According to the article and subsequent comments, the creator of the original graphic was a Times employee named Jim Perry. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/25/business/media/25asktheeditors.html?pagewanted=3 Image from: http://37signals.com/svn/posts/1016-the-infographic-that-saved-a- million-lives Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation logo from http://www.gatesfoundation.org/Pages/home.aspx Source: NYC Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2011.
- 26. PA R S O N S I N S T I T U T E F O R I N F O R M A T I O N M A P P I N G Contact Information… Chris Goranson, MGIS, GISP Parsons Institute for Information Mapping The New School 212-229-6825 ext. 4712 goransoc@newschool.edu http://piim.newschool.edu