Big bang theory and its proofs
- 1. Presented By: S Mansi Pillai
- 2. FOUNDATIONS OF BIG BANG THEORY Edwin Hubble Aleksandr Friedmann (expansion of universe) (explanation of general relativity) Georges Lemaître (origin of space from single point)
- 3. THE BIG BANG – a day without yesterday Is the leading explanation of our Universe’s origin. It states that Cosmos started with a single point of hot and dense state. Expansion is the key concept of the theory.
- 4. MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT THE THEORY o The big bang did not occur as a point of ‘explosion’. o The theory does not deal with what is outside the Universe or what it is expanding into. o It also does not deals with what actually gave rise to the big bang.
- 5. EVIDENCES FOR BIG BANG THEORY There are no experiments we can conduct on the big bang theory as it occurred long back. Therefore most evidences are in form of observations. The earliest and the most direct evidences are as follows :-
- 6. 1. DOPPLER EFFECT First given Christian Johann Doppler States that: If light waves emitted by an object are contracted then, it is moving closer. If light waves are extended then, the object is moving away. Used by Hubble to calculate the speed of the receding galaxies.
- 7. 2. BIG BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS (BBN) o First put by George Gamow. o States that due to intense heat of big bang elements could be created by adding more particles to the hydrogen atom. o Verified the origin of elements up to mass 5 and 8 amu.
- 8. 3. COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND (CMB) Also proposed by Georges Gamow. Idea behind: The residual heat from big bang is still trekking around the Universe. In 1965, Aron Penzias and Robert Wilson noticed Gamow’s microwave background which confirmed big bang significantly.
- 9. In 1989, NASA’s COBE further confirmed Gamow’s theory. Launched in 2001, WMAP satellite yielded the CMB revealing the images of our Universe just 380,000 years old.
- 10. THANK YOU