Bipolar disorder ppt
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Bipolar disorder is a mental illness characterized by periods of depression and periods of elevated mood and energy known as mania. It can be caused by genetic and biological factors such as imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin and catecholamines. Environmental and social stressors can also play a role. Treatment involves pharmacotherapy with antidepressants, antipsychotics, or mood stabilizers. Psychotherapies like cognitive behavioral therapy and electroconvulsive therapy may also be used. The goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms, prevent relapse, and help the individual learn coping strategies.
Bipolar disorder ppt
- 2. BIPOLAR DISORDER Dr. Rahul Sharma Associate Professor H.O.D. of Mental Health Nursing Ph. D Coordinator Seedling School of Nursing, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
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- 4. Rigid Fatigue Dullness Blunt affect Sad Empty mood Spend alone Sleeping disturbance Suicidal tendancy Feeling hopelessness Self blaming Poverty in thinking Poor concentration Loss of energy Menstrual or sexual disturbances Lack of confidence
- 6. Hereditary : Monozygotic twin (40 %-70%) Dizygotic twins(20%) Neurophysiological factor : Imbalance in Excitory and Inhibitory process may predispose manic depressive psychosis (MDP) Physical factors. : Viral infection eg: Hepatitis Biochemical factors : Imbalance of catecholamine (epinephrine and nor epinephrine) result in MDP . If catecholamine increase leads to mania if it decreases then leads to depression. Deficiency of serotonin level result in MDP. Neurohormonal factors. : Decrease cortisol secretion alteration in hipocampus function predispose for MDP. Social factors. : Stressful life events , social pressure, rejection of children by parents, difficulty in IPR, social cultural factors,loss of loved ones. Physiological factors. : Feeling of hopelessness, helplessness, premorbid personality pattern – lack of energy, uncontrollable behaviour. Psychoanalytical factor – Loss of conflict.
- 8. Pharmacotherapy Antidepressants : Treatment Of Choice for a vast majority . It may take upto 3 weeks before any appreciable response may notice . Before stopping / changing a drug ,the particular drug should be given in a therapeutically adequate dose for atleast 6 weeks. Tricyclic Antidepressants : Imipramine ( 75 mg – 150mg – 300mg). Amitriptyline is not used due to dry mouth , blurred vision and hypertension . Newer Antidepressants : Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor(SSRI) eg: fluoxetine,sertraline. Serotonin Nor Epinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (SnRI) eg: ventafaxine,duolexetine. Antipsychotic drugs : olanzapine ,clonazapine ,respiridine,quetipine ,aripiprazole.
- 9. Family therapy Supportive psychotherapy Group therapy Inter personal therapy Behavioural therapy Electro convulsive therapy Cognitive therapy.