The document discusses Bloom's taxonomy, specifically the levels of Understanding and Applying. It provides examples of classroom roles and potential activities for students to demonstrate their understanding and ability to apply knowledge. Some examples of roles for understanding include the teacher demonstrating, listening and questioning, while students explain, describe and outline. For applying, teacher roles include facilitating and observing while students calculate, compile and illustrate. Potential activities for understanding include writing summaries and outlines, while activities for applying include making models, games, explanations and continuing stories.