Brainstorming
- 1. W_ELC_ _O __ EM_
- 2. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension Presented by: Sudip Kumar Gorai M.Sc Scholar Roll No-21083 Division of Agricultural Extension ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute
- 3. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension Brainstorming is a group creativity technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its members. In other words, brainstorming is a situation where a group of people meet to generate new ideas and solutions around a specific domain of interest by removing inhibitions. The term was popularized by Alex Faickney Osborn in the book Applied Imagination (1953). Brainstorming
- 4. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension Objectives: • To generate and capture a wide variety of ideas in a short space of time • To capture as many free-flowing ideas as possible
- 5. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension “The best way to have a good idea is to have lots of ideas”.
- 6. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension When Would You Use It? • Whenever you need to involve other people to explore an issue and/or its resolution
- 7. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension Are there any Rules? People MUST feel free to contribute ideas in a creative manner, and so: – No criticism e.g. “Oh what a silly idea” – No idea is a bad idea – “Free Wheeling” welcome – Quantity of ideas is needed – don’t hang back from just saying what is in your head – No questions during the session – State ideas quickly and in a manner in which no enlargement is needed – Don’t mind stating the obvious – Don’t fear repetition – Do combine and improve on other ideas Be considerate of the different styles people display during brainstorming – try and create the right environment for everyone to contribute.
- 8. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension Resources Required • Flipchart • Pens • Sticky dots (in case you vote at the end) • Lots of open wall space
- 9. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension Roles In brainstorming it is important that the roles are clear and that one person does not try to undertake two roles. • Issue Owner – the person who wants the answer or the output. • Facilitator – the person who is facilitating the session. • Expert – may be an expert in the subject matter. • Contributors – people contributing towards the brainstorm.
- 10. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension Pre-work • Think carefully about who should be invited. • How are you going to explain clearly what the issue is? • What structure needs to be designed? – One topic area or sub-sets? – Everyone works on everything or break into groups working on parts? – One session or multiple sessions? – Length of session? • Suggestions: – Keep focused upon the subject. – Develop and maintain a tight brief. – Keep to time.
- 11. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension Process 1. The Facilitator should run and control the process and should capture ideas with no judgements and contribute few ideas themselves. 2. The Facilitator kicks off the session by clearly stating the problem or issue and ensures there is a shared understanding of the situation. 3. The Facilitator explains the process / structure of the session paying special attention to the time limit and what is likely to happen next as a result.
- 12. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension 4. Phase 1 – Idea Generation (objective = volume of ideas) – The Participants are encouraged to start contributing ideas. – The scribe should note ALL ideas as given – in the words of the Participants - no judgements should be made. – After the brainstorming time is up points of clarification can be requested. 5. Phase 2 – Idea Grouping (objective = structure ideas into common themes) – The Participants examine the ideas one by one and either expand, combine or eliminate some. – Ideas can be grouped if they are saying the same thing.
- 13. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension 6. Phase 3 – Idea Review (objective = identify “nugget” ideas that run across groups/themes) – If the ideas require prioritising, Participants may then be invited to place Post-It notes on the resulting flipcharts with their personal votes for the first, second and third highest positions. 7. If required, a visible output (e.g. a series of flipcharts) can then summarised into typed or graphical format and distributed to the appropriate stakeholders.
- 15. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension • If the group is very large, you may split the group into sub-groups and combine the results at a later stage. • People will naturally comment on other people’s ideas. It’s human nature. As the Facilitator your main job in Phase 1 is to make sure this doesn’t happen by politely reminding people of the rules. Try and do that in a humorous way so you keep the atmosphere light and creative. • Make sure something happens after the session with the ideas and output. When nothing happens as a result after a brainstorming session it makes it much harder to effectively run sessions like this in the future. Secret Sauce
- 16. DivisionofAgriculturalExtension What is brainstorming used for? Advertising campaigns Marketing strategy and methods Research and Development procedures Government policies Better insurance policies New and better…whatever you want