B.tech iv u-1.3 simple, compound & complex sentences
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This document defines and compares simple, compound, and complex sentences. A simple sentence contains one independent clause, a compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses, and a complex sentence contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. It goes on to define what a clause is, lists different types of clauses, and provides examples of converting a complex sentence into a compound sentence by making a dependent clause independent.
B.tech iv u-1.3 simple, compound & complex sentences
- 1. SIMPLE, COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES COURSE : B.TECH SEM : IV SUBJECT : ADVANCE GRAMMAR UNIT : 1.2
- 2. Simple Sentences A simple sentence consists of only one coordinate (main) clause. There is no other main or subordinate clause. A complex sentence consists of one coordinate (main) clause and one or more subordinate clauses. A compound sentence consists of two or more coordinate (main) clauses. A main clause can stand alone. A subordinate clause cannot stand alone. It needs to be attached to a main clause.
- 3. What is clause? A group of words that contains a subject and a predicate is called a clause. Adjective: clausal. A clause may be either a sentence (an independent clause) or a sentence-like construction within another sentence (a dependent or subordinate clause). A clause is a grammatical unit at a level between phrase and a sentence.
- 4. Types of Clauses: Adjective Clause Adverbial Clause Comment Clause Comparative Clause Complement Clause Concessive Clause Conditional Clause Contact Clause Coordinate Clause Free (Nominal) Relative Clause Independent Clause Main Clause Matrix Clause Noun Clause Proportional Clause Relative Clause Reporting Clause That-Clause Verbless Clause What-Clause Wh-Clause
- 5. Subordinate clauses Subordinate clauses are of three types – adjective clause, adverb clause and noun clause. We can convert a complex sentence into a compound sentence by changing the subordinate clause(s) into main clause(s).
- 6. Ex. He went to work as soon as he finished his meal. Let’s analyze this sentence. It has two finite verbs (went, finished) and hence it has two clauses. The clause ‘he went to work’ is the main clause because it can stand alone. The clause ‘as soon as he finished his meal’ is a subordinate clause because it cannot stand alone and needs to be attached to the main clause.
- 7. We can convert this sentence into a compound sentence by changing the subordinate clause into a coordinate clause. This can be done by removing the subordinating conjunction. The two clauses are then connected using a coordinating conjunction. He finished his meal and went to work. This sentence has two coordinate clauses connected by the coordinating conjunction ‘and’.
- 8. Thanks to …. A ready reckoner in English Grammar & Composition (Std.X) by Dineshbhai J. Shah, Dr. Janakbhai B. Shah and Bharatiben R. Shah www.englishgrammar.org/conversion- complex-sentence-compound-sent...