Building integrated PV Project - testing instrumentation
- 1. Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Angewandte Photophysik www.iapp.de Building integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) prefab house Blenson Paul IAPP, TU Dresden, Germany 2016-07-04 13:00, Beyer Bau 103, Dresden. Master thesis defense
- 2. 2 DMAIC approach BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04 Design-Measure-Analyse-Improve-Control
- 3. 3 Solutions BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04 Photovoltaics Concrete:- most used composite material in the modern world. Humans have used concrete for millennia, its basic ingredients date back to ancient Egypt. Development/GDP indicator. World ~4 billion metric tons /year Synthetic material with tremendous strange. Thread -textile -Cured with resin Stronger than steel, lighter Concrete Carbon Fibre Solar Energy:- Energy of sunlight into electricity. The Sun delivers more energy to Earth in an hour than we use in a year from fossil, nuclear and all renewable sources combined ! Price drop- from $76 in 1977 to $0.30 per watt Installations 2014 ~180 Gwp, (2007~10 GWp, 2000~1GWp)
- 4. 4 CF reinforced concrete BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04 Pre fabricated blocks:- Building elements.
- 5. 5 Prefacricated blocks BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04 Pre fabricated blocks:- Building elements. Use blocks to constuct house + add Photovoltaics (PV) in the roof slab !
- 6. 6 Adding features BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04 Pre fabricated blocks:- Building elements. Use blocks to constuct house + add Photovoltaics (PV) in the roof slab ! Ventilation -Stack effect Passive cooling -energy savings & Bug protected vents.
- 7. 7 OPV integration Real life model:- time consuming, expensive. Reduced scale model possible Roof part sufficient PV testing, Which PV? (a) OPV – Organic, flexible. (b) pc -Si PV – Silicon. OPV – electrical contact snap prong button(male), use female in the BIPV
- 8. 8 Slab preparation steps BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
- 9. 9 Prepared slab for BIOPV BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04 Flexible type integration:- allows solar cells to add remove after producing slab. Provosion for OPV connections. Reduced weight, LAN port power transmission. 15 solar cells can be placed.
- 10. 10 Pc-Si PV integration Real life model:- time consuming, expensive. Reduced scale model possible Roof part sufficient PV testing, Which PV? (a) OPV – Organic, flexible. (b) pc -Si PV – Polycrystalline silicon. OPV – electrical contact snap prong button(male), use female in the BIPV pc -Si PV – create module on the concrete slab. Tabbing wire, epoxy resin.
- 11. 11 House from a single slab
- 12. 12 House from a single slab
- 14. 14 Measurements-datalogger BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04 Garden Solar lamp LED removed -pyranometer White spherecal diffuser Diffused radiation (DHI) Thermistor LAN RJ-45 connector
- 15. 15 Schematic
- 16. 16 BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04 Outdoor measurement setup BIPV for outdoor measurement 51° w.r.t ground, Facing south Measuring circuit OSC, pc-Si, Weather MicroSD storage Weatherproof styrofoam box
- 17. 17 Daily outdoor measurement 5 organic solar cells Manual Solar tracked -3 times showing 3 peaks 2016-04-07 2016-04-06 Fixed Rain at 13:00-14:00 BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
- 18. 18 Daily outdoor measurement Rainy day – dip in V midday 2016-04-14 organic sc 2016-04-14 pc-Si sc BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
- 19. 19 weekly outdoor measurement 7 days 2016-04-18 to 24 organic sc 2016-04-18 to 24 pc-Si sc BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
- 20. 20 weekly outdoor measurement 7 days 2016-04-25 to 05-01 organic sc 2016-04-25 to 05-01 pc-Si sc BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
- 21. 21 Weather station 7 days 2016-04-25 to 05-01 Thermistor NTC- negative temp coefficient, Nonlinear device, Transformations/ curve fit required 2016-04-25 to 05-01 diffused GHI Voltage corresponding to GHI Transformations/ curve fit required BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
- 22. 22 New opportunities for further investigations/ research Thermally induced cracks Different thermal expansion coefficients -concrete, PV, tabbing wire.
- 23. 23 Conclusions +Recommendations Conclusions Reduced scale model sucessfull, Real life model:- Possible, Roof part PV testing, Which PV? (a) OPV – Organic, flexible but complex, time consuming, (b) pc -Si PV – Polycrystalline silicon, handling, Thermally induced cracks. Recommendations Real life model implementation. Thermal behaviour modelling of Reduced scale model, Encapsulation methods, Internet of things (IoT)- Data logger with Wi-Fi, Long term measurements and degradation study, Electric contact designs for BIPV, PV integration effects on concrete.
- 24. 24 Extras.. Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials Prof. Dr. Karl Leo Prof. Dr. Koen Vandewal Dipl-Ing. Dominik Schlüter INSTITUT FÜR MASSIVBAU
- 25. Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Angewandte Photophysik www.iapp.de Thank You. BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
- 26. Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Angewandte Photophysik www.iapp.de Extras..
- 27. Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Angewandte Photophysik www.iapp.de Payback time Currently measured by energy. Instead shoud be measured $/m2/year SolaRoad Netherlands. Lab - (STC) at 1000 W/m2 But in real life, it is not the case! insolation is approximately 3kW h/m2/DAY (in August) 18.5% efficient solar cell - 555 W h/m2/DAY, 30% of losses transmission+tampered glass + solar cell area -30% -388 Wh/m2/DAY SolaRoad installation was generating 137 W h//m2/DAY = 0.2 / kW h × 50 kWh/m2/YEAR = 10 EUR/m2/YEAR !!!!! Extras..