designandimplementanetwork
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This document provides instructions for designing and implementing a network with Packet Tracer, including: defining the network needs with servers, workstations, switches, and routers; connecting local area networks with routers and wide area network links; configuring IP addresses, subnets, and static routes; and testing connectivity between devices. The network will connect headquarters and a branch office across two locations.
designandimplementanetwork
- 1. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A NETWORK WITH PACKET TRACER IT: Network: Cisco 1 Fall 2013
- 2. Last few weeks, we… ¨ … looked at subnetting IPv4 network addresses. ¨ … designed a subnetting structure based on the number of networks only. ¤ Not terribly efficient ¨ … designed a subnetting structure based on the number of hosts on each network. ¤ VLSM
- 3. Let’s put it all together ¨ Build a network – what do we need? ¤ Server(s)? ¤ Workstation(s)? ¤ What else? ¨ Suppose we have 2 locations ¤ HQ here in Green Bay ¤ Branch office in Omaha ¨ Let’s sketch it out…
- 4. My list ¨ Workstations and Servers “in an appropriate number” ¨ Switch for each physical LAN ¤ If need more than one switch on a LAN that’s fine ¨ Tie our networks together ¤ Routers – one per network? n Assuming router has two interfaces ¤ Cables n Ethernet – straight-through and cross-over n WAN/Serial for between routers
- 5. Look at Lab from last week ¨ How many routers? ¨ How tie routers together? ¨ What “makes” a LAN? ¨ How connect router to LAN? LAN B 800 Hosts LAN C 2,000 Hosts LAN A 6,000 Hosts LAN D 1,000 Hosts WAN A-B WAN A-C WAN A-D
- 6. WAN Links ¨ Plain Old Telephone System (POTS) =up to 56 Kbps ¨ T1=1.544 Mbps ¨ T3=44.736 Mbps (21 T1’s) ¨ ADSL = 16−784 Kbps up; 1−9 Mbps down ¨ Cable modem = 512Kbps − 54Mbps HQ Branch Office WAN link
- 7. Connect to WAN ¨ Old School − Dial-up to POTS è Modem
- 8. Connect to WAN Links ¨ DTE (our router) needs to connect to WAN ¨ DCE is “modem-like” device that does the connect ¨ A CSU/DSU is the DCE for connection to T1
- 9. DTE/DCE Cable ¨ Used in lab / testing environment to simulate a WAN link ¨ Sort of a “cross-over” for WAN. ¨ One side needs to take role of providing clock signal ¤ Typically done by CSU/DSU ¨ Side with the DCE end sets clock ¤ ONLY done by the side with the DCE!
- 10. OK… Let’s implement one… ¨ Need to create LANs ¤ Switch for each LAN ¨ Need to implement Workstations and Servers ¤ For simulation, one WS and one Server per LAN is enough ¨ Need to connect LANs ¤ Routers – one for each LAN n Used to connect LAN to Serial WAN
- 11. Packet Tracer – Build a LAN ¨ Add Switch ¨ Add Workstation ¨ Add Server ¨ Connect them Straight-Through Cross-Over
- 12. Connect LAN nodes ¨ Workstation to Switch è Straight-through Copper ¤ FastEthernet ¨ Server to Switch è Straight-through Copper ¤ FastEthernet ¨ Router to Switch èStraight-through Copper ¤ FastEthernet 0/0 or FastEthernet 0/1
- 13. Packet Tracer: Inter-Connect LANs ¨ Add Router ¨ Add Router Interfaces (most likely needed) ¤ POWER OFF Router Power Empty Slot 2-Serial Port Module
- 14. PT – Inter-Connect LANs continues ¨ Router to Router è Serial DCE cable ¤ DCE = Data Communication Equipment n Controls the comm. line (like a Modem of old) ¤ DTE = Data Terminal Equipment n Actual end-node device (like a PC) ¨ On router, use Serial 0/0/0, Serial 0/0/1, Serial 0/1/0, or Serial 0/1/1 ¨ DCE provides clock signal on WAN link ¤ One router on each Serial line must provide clock Serial DCE
- 15. Configure Devices: IP Design ¨ IP network ID: 172.16.0.0 /16 Subnet Name Needed Size Allocated Size Address Mask Dec Mask Assignable Range LAN A 800 1022 172.16.0.0 /22 255.255.252.0 172.16.0.1 – 172.16.3.254 LAN B 200 254 172.16.4.0 /24 255.255.255.0 172.16.4.1 – 172.16.4.254 WAN 2 2 172.16.5.0 /30 255.255.255.252 172.16.5.1 – 172.16.5.2
- 16. Configure Devices in PT ¨ Workstations and Servers ¤ Statically assign “Appropriate” addresses for that subnet ¤ Click the Object - Desktop - IP Config
- 17. Config Routers in PT ¨ Connection to LAN should be First valid host in that subnet ¨ Connection to other Router should be valid for that subnet (only two choices)
- 18. PT Router Config ¨ Click Object - Config - interface ¨ FastEthernet 0/0 IP Config Activate it
- 19. PT Router Serial Config ¨ Click Object - Config - interface ¨ Serial 0/0/0 IP Config Activate it Set clock rate on DCE side of connection
- 20. Static Routes on the Router ¨ By default, routers only know about the networks they are directly connected to. ¤ Need to “learn” about non-connected networks.
- 21. PT- Static Routes ¨ One solution is create a static route to non- connected networks. ¨ Click Object - Config - Static (under Routing) Remote Network Or 0.0.0.0 for default Netmask of remote net Or 0.0.0.0 for default Router that is “closer” to the destination net
- 22. Save PT Router Config ¨ Cisco Routers get configuration from startup-config file at boot time ¨ Need to save our settings to that file in NVRAM ¨ Click Object - Settings
- 23. Test it ¨ From simulated Workstation, start pinging your default gateway and work progressively further away ¤ Click Object - Desktop - Command prompt 1 2 3 4 5
- 24. Summary ¨ We’ve looked at IP addressing ¤ Address; Subnet Mask; Gateway ¨ We’ve looked at Full Octet Subnetting ¨ We’ve looked at Partial Octet Subnetting ¨ We’ve designed a subnetting scheme with a fixed length subnet mask ¨ We’ve designed a subnetting scheme with a variable length subnet mask (VLSM) ¨ We’ve talked about applying our plan (assigning addresses) ¨ Now we are ready to do it (Yay)!