CARIBSAVE: A Sectoral Approach to Vulnerability and Resilience. St Lucia Workshop
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The document discusses the CARIBSAVE partnership, which aims to address climate change vulnerabilities in the Caribbean region through a sectoral approach. It notes that tourism is a major contributor to Caribbean economies and is highly vulnerable to climate impacts like rising sea levels and stronger hurricanes. The partnership seeks to enhance resilience and livelihoods by providing research and solutions across key sectors like water, energy, agriculture, health and infrastructure that both climate change and tourism depend on. It also aims to address issues like limited regional data and fragmented work through collaboration across geography and governance.
CARIBSAVE: A Sectoral Approach to Vulnerability and Resilience. St Lucia Workshop
- 1. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin CARIBSAVE: A SECTORAL APPROACH TO VULNERABILITY AND RESILIENCEA SECTORAL APPROACH TO VULNERABILITY AND RESILIENCE INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION CARIBSAVE Stakeholders Workshop 2 November 20092 November 2009 Bay Gardens Inn, St Lucia Dr. MURRAY C. SIMPSON Co-Director and CEO CARIBSAVE Partnership Senior Research Associate Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management Senior Research Associate, Oxford University Centre for the Environment
- 2. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin The Presentation • Geographic Scope of CARIBSAVE• Geographic Scope of CARIBSAVE • Vulnerability Hotspots, Impacts and Key IssuesKey Issues • Impacts for Economic Development • Tourism the Contributor• Tourism the Contributor • The CARIBSAVE Partnership • CARIBSAVE Objectives• CARIBSAVE Objectives • The Path to Solutions Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 3. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin ACS & CTO = Geographic scope of CARIBSAVE Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 4. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean – Major Tourism Vulnerability ‘Hotspot’Caribbean Major Tourism Vulnerability Hotspot Hotspot Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management Regional Knowledge Gaps
- 5. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin SECTORAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUSTAINABLE DESTINATIONS & CLIMATE CHANGE Agric lt re Water Transport S t i bl Agriculture Climate Sustainable Caribbean Tourism Infrastructure Economic Development Tourism Destinations Natural Waste Health Resources Energy Waste Management Security Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management Simpson et al 2008a Energy Security
- 6. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Key Issues Supply Destination / Physical Impacts• Supply – Destination / Physical Impacts • Demand – Mitigation Policies • Livelihoods – Economic Development - GDP• Livelihoods – Economic Development - GDP • Tourism Dependence • Vulnerability (‘Hot Spot’)• Vulnerability ( Hot Spot ) • Knowledge Gap • Sectoral ImpactsSectoral Impacts • Fragmented – work, geography, governance • Capacity and Data Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management p y
- 7. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Major Impacts: Climate Change on Caribbean Tourism SectorMajor Impacts: Climate Change on Caribbean Tourism Sector • Crucial interdependence: Tourism and Climate… • - national economy, livelihoods, development, environment Gradual and Extreme• Gradual and Extreme • Regulatory policy, voluntary initiatives and costs • Coastal Emphasis• Coastal Emphasis • Air temperature and Sea Surface temperature • Sea level rise • Coastal erosion• Coastal erosion • Changes in levels of precipitation • Extreme events: increase in intensity and frequency, • - e.g. drought, flood, storm surge, (hurricane)e.g. drought, flood, storm surge, (hurricane) • Seasonality shifts • Biodiversity Loss and Change / Loss of Destination Aesthetics • Infrastructure and settlement destruction Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management • Water Salinisation, Agricultural losses
- 8. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 9. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 10. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 11. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 12. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 13. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 14. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management ©Dubois
- 15. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin IMPACTS FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 16. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin More Information - More Destruction?More Information - More Destruction? • 4 Billion – add. people suffer from water shortages(2C) • 40% - of Earth’s species threatened (2C) • $22 Billion – inaction cost to Caribbean (tourism revenue, infrastructure, hurricane)( , , ) • $125 Billion+ annual cost to world economy • 40% - weather related disasters caused by climate h Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management change
- 17. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Economic Risks of Climate Change ‘Our actions over the coming few decades could create risks of‘Our actions over the coming few decades could create risks of major disruption to economic and social activity, later in this century and in the next, on a scale similar to those associated with the great wars and the economicto those associated with the great wars and the economic depression of the first half of the 20th century.’ ‘Climate change is the greatest challenge facing humanity t th t t f th 21st t F il t t thiat the start of the 21st century. Failure to meet this challenge raises the spectre of unprecedented reversals in human development.’ Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 18. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin TOURISM ‘THE CONTRIBUTOR’ Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 19. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Emissions from global tourism, 2005g , Sub-Sectors CO2 (Mt) Air transport * 522 40% Transportation Car transport 418 32% Other transport 39 3% Accommodation 274 21% p of Tourists = 75% of Sector Emissions Accommodation 274 21% Activities 52 4% TOTAL 1,307 Total World (IPCC 2007) 26,400 To ismTourism Contribution 4.95% * does not include non-CO2 emissions and other impacts Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 20. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin If Tourism was a Country Rank Country Percentage of total emissions (2005) d was a Country China now top… 1 United States 22.2 % 2 China 18.4 % - European Union 11.4 % China now top… 3 Russia 5.6 % 4 India 4.9 % - Global Tourism Sector 5.0% 5 Japan 4.6 % 6 Germany 3.0 % 7 Canada 2.3 %7 Canada 2.3 % 8 United Kingdom 2.2 % 9 South Korea 1.7 % 10 It l 1 7 % Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management 10 Italy 1.7 %
- 21. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Emissions from global tourism, 2005 & 2035 2500 3000 3500 Air Transport 1500 2000 2500 MtCO2 Air Transport Car Transport Other Transport A d ti 500 1000 1500 M Accommodation Activities 0 2005 2035 Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 22. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin THE CARIBSAVE PARTNERSHIPTHE CARIBSAVE PARTNERSHIP Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 23. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre University of Oxford Association of Caribbean States Caribbean Tourism OrganizationCaribbean Tourism Organization • Multi-Sector • Multi Objective• Multi-Objective • Multi- Donor • USD $35 MillionUSD $35 Million • Links and Compliments ACS – STZC • Long-Term Approach Established - Whole R iRegion • PRACTICAL STRATEGIES • Inclusive and Critical Mass Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management • Inclusive and Critical Mass
- 24. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 25. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Regional & International Organizations International Development Organizations and NGOs e.g. ACS, CTO, CDERA, UNEP, UNWTO, UNDP, WMO, UNECLAC, CANARI, IIED, CIMH, CHTA, CARICOM, CAST, OECS, e.g. FCO, DFID, WWF, Travel Foundation , DANIDA, SITHSONIAN, WORLD BANK, IADB, CIDA, GTZ, SNV, Buccoo Reef Trust CENTRAL ACTION GROUP ACS, CTO, CCCCC, OXFORD UNIVERSITY + REPRESENTATIVES OF PARTNER ACTION GROUPSGROUPS e.g. All Partner Countries and e.g. CCAA, VIRGIN, SANDALS Oil Companies e.g. UWI, TUFTS, UW, Leon, UMA, UNA, Limoge, W. Norway Maastricht Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management SANDALS, Oil Companies, Green Globe, Scotia Bank Norway, Maastricht, Carolina, Lund, Partner Countries and Private Sector Academic & Research Institutes
- 26. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Summary : CARIBSAVE Climate Change Analysis, Strategy Development, Implementation & Monitoring; component example Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 27. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin • CARIBSAVE WILL: In the face of climate change, ...strengthen, protect and enhance theg , p livelihoods, environments and economies of Caribbean nations, communities and sectoral stakeholderscommunities and sectoral stakeholders ....who rely directly and indirectly on the Caribbean tourism industry, and to strengthen, protect and enhance the natural and built assets, and sectors on which the industry is basedwhich the industry is based • The CARIBSAVE Partnership has Seven (7) Principal• The CARIBSAVE Partnership has Seven (7) Principal Objectives ... Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 28. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES 1 T f ll d l d l1. To successfully model and analyse the changes in climate as they will ff t t i d l t d t iaffect tourism and related sectors in the Caribbean Basin on a regional, ti l d d ti ti l lnational and destinational scale. Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 29. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES 2 T d fil th2. To assess and profile the vulnerability, resilience and d ti it f t i dadaptive capacity of tourism and related sectors to climate change in ti d d ti ti d tnations and destinations; and to provide a Risk Atlas of nations across th C ibb B ithe Caribbean Basin. Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 30. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES 3 T d l t th i t f3. To measure and evaluate the impacts of climate change on tourism and livelihoods on a sectoral basis including:a sectoral basis including: – Water; – Energygy – Agriculture, – Human Health; Bi di it– Biodiversity, – Infrastructure – Comprehensive Disaster Management Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 31. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES 4 T i f d d l ti l d4. To inform and develop national and regional policy by conducting socio- economic analyses of the costs and riskseconomic analyses of the costs and risks of climate change adaptation and mitigation in the Caribbean tourism sector. Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 32. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES 5 T d l i l t d it5. To develop, implement and monitor practical adaptation and mitigation strategies and policies for tourism andstrategies and policies for tourism and related sectors identified in Objective 3; i.e. implement cross-ministerial policies andp p community-based adaptation strategies to enable governments and communities to ff ti l dd th h ll f li teffectively address the challenges of climate change. Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 33. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES 6 T t th t iti f th C ibb6. To support the transition of the Caribbean region’s tourism sector to a low carbon economy and to create the world’s firsteconomy and to create the world s first ‘Carbon Neutral’ tourism region. Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 34. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES 7 T b ild it d t f kill7. To build capacity and transfer skills through the design and implementation of sectoral based initiatives and seminarssectoral based initiatives and seminars including community outreach, institutional strengthening and privateg g p sector engagement. Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 35. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin FundingFunding BUDGET $35 Million (Initial approx 5 Years) Seed Funding Stage (1 & 1a) 1. UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) 2. Caribbean Tourism Organization (CTO2. Caribbean Tourism Organization (CTO 3. UK Department for International Development (DFID) 4. World Bank 5 IDB5. IDB Second Phase – Commence: Risk Atlas, Most Vulnerable Ca bon Ne t alit Ene g EfficiencCarbon Neutrality, Energy Efficiency DFID, FCO, CTO, WB, IDB, HNWIs +++ Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 36. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Phase 1 and 1a:Phase 1 and 1a: Pilots and Copenhagen • Eleuthera, The Bahamas • Montego Bay, JamaicaMontego Bay, Jamaica • Negril, Jamaica • Western Barbados Barbados• Western Barbados, Barbados • Rodney Bay/Pigeon Causeway and Soufiere St Luciaand Soufiere, St Lucia Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 37. CARIBSAVE CC Analysis, Strategy Development, Implementation & Monitoring; component example Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 38. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Phase 2; Country Profiles • The Bahamas• The Bahamas • Jamaica • Barbados• Barbados • St Lucia • Dominican Republic• Dominican Republic • Anguilla • St Kitts• St Kitts • Grenada • Suriname Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management • Suriname
- 39. MITIGATION Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Summary : CARIBSAVE Climate Change Analysis, Strategy Development, Implementation & Monitoring; component example MITIGATION SPIRAL Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 40. MITIGATION Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin Summary : CARIBSAVE Climate Change Analysis, Strategy Development, Implementation & Monitoring; component example MITIGATION SPIRAL Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 41. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin ACTION NOWACTION – NOW Interdisciplinary Approach – Unique and Innovative • Collaborative Work – destinational, local, national and regional • Cross-Ministerial – multi-stakeholders • Climate ScienceClimate Science • Physical Impacts and Vulnerability • Tourism & Related Sector Impacts & Vulnerability • Stakeholder Socio-Economic Livelihood and Gender Impacts• Stakeholder, Socio-Economic, Livelihood and Gender Impacts and Vulnerabilities • Government Policies, Practical Strategies, Community-based Adaptation, Implementation, M&E,Adaptation, Implementation, M&E, Water – Energy – Agriculture – Health – Biodiversity Infrastructure – Comprehensive Disaster Management Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management p g
- 42. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin • Cross sectoral Inter ministerial• Cross-sectoral - Inter-ministerial, • Regional and International • Cooperation and Collaboration is required• Cooperation and Collaboration is required (Actually it’s Essential!!!) Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management
- 43. Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin ‘F I O ti i t‘For me, I am an Optimist… for there seems little point in anything else’ Winston Churchill THANK YOUTHANK YOU WWW.CARIBSAVE.ORG i @ k Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management murray.simpson@ouce.ox.ac.uk www.geog.ox.ac.uk/news/events/ccamts/ccamts.pdf