Carnot - efficiency based Nanoantenna Systems
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This document discusses nanoantennas and their applications. Nanoantennas are analogous to phenomena in metallic nanostructures called localized surface plasmon resonance where radiation energy is converted to localized energy. Nanoantennas have a wide range of applications including nanophotonics, plasmonic solar cells, metamaterials, chemical and biomedical sensing, on-chip interconnects, and more. However, nanoantennas require quantum mechanical treatment rather than classical treatment due to their small size. The author proposes ideas for improving nanoantenna efficiency including optimizing antenna elements, using coupling capacitance, graphene-based absorbing antennas, and circuit implementations.
![[1] Javier Aizpurua, "Quantum kisses between optical nanoantennas”, mappingignorance
(2013).
Wave strikes metal nanostructures, energy is transferredto electrons
and resonance occurs when mom. of photons = mom of polaritons](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nanoantennabhupen-141130145100-conversion-gate02/85/Carnot-efficiency-based-Nanoantenna-Systems-3-320.jpg)
![Graphene based absorbing antenna
Fabry –Perot Resonance
Chamber (LSPR)
[Stamatios A. Et. Al]
Can be tuned to absorb certain
wavelength](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nanoantennabhupen-141130145100-conversion-gate02/85/Carnot-efficiency-based-Nanoantenna-Systems-16-320.jpg)
![P0 =
I 2
3 ph
Dl
l0
[16] Maciej Klemm. "novel directional nanoantennas for single-emitter sources and
wireless nano-links". International Journal of Optics, 2012(2012), 2012.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nanoantennabhupen-141130145100-conversion-gate02/85/Carnot-efficiency-based-Nanoantenna-Systems-17-320.jpg)
![Basically an idea,
I would do Modelling, FEKO Simulation, Implementation and what
not.
P0 =
I 2
3 ph
Dl
l0
[1] Circuit implementation
[2] efficiency improvement
[3] good absorbing and radiating elements/ improvisation](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nanoantennabhupen-141130145100-conversion-gate02/85/Carnot-efficiency-based-Nanoantenna-Systems-18-320.jpg)
![[1] Javier Aizpurua, "Quantum kisses between optical
nanoantennas”, mappingignorance (2013).
[2] Javier Aizpurua, “Lecture given at 2
SSOP Porquerolles, Sept.
2009
I Dl
P=
ph
0 [3] Maciej Klemm. "novel directional 3 nanoantennas for single-emitter
l0
sources and wireless nano-links". International Journal of
Optics, 2012(2012), 2012
[4] A. Boswell, “amasci
Thank you](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nanoantennabhupen-141130145100-conversion-gate02/85/Carnot-efficiency-based-Nanoantenna-Systems-19-320.jpg)
Carnot - efficiency based Nanoantenna Systems
- 1. Bhupendra Subedi– University of Missouri Kansas City Kansas City, MO 64111 bsr34@mail.umkc.edu
- 2. Antenna: converts radiation energy to localized energy and vice versa analogous to phenomena in the surface of the metallic nanostructures (optical frequency) called Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR). So any plasmonic nanostructures can be considered as nanoantennas (not very rigid)
- 3. [1] Javier Aizpurua, "Quantum kisses between optical nanoantennas”, mappingignorance (2013). Wave strikes metal nanostructures, energy is transferredto electrons and resonance occurs when mom. of photons = mom of polaritons
- 4. ε2 θ y ε1 E0 x F = F (r,q ,j ),scalar _ potential E1 = -Ñ F 1andÑ 2F 1 = 0 E2 = -Ñ F 2andÑ 2F 2 = 0 We need to solve Laplace Equation
- 5. Electric Field in x direction is given by: F 0 = - E0x = - E0rcosq ,andF 2 = F scatter + F 0
- 6. Applied _ Field = E0 Fdipole = p 4pe2 e1 -e2 e1+2e2 cosq r2 = -E0r cosq a3 cosq r2 E0 x y ε2 ε1 Shows: Field outside = Field due to dipole + Applied_Field
- 7. # Areas of Application Appli.cation and devices 1. Nanophotonics detectors, filters and lasers eg. maskless optical lithography, NSOM 2. Plasmonic Solar Cells rectennas using ALD technology 3. Metamaterials optical/EM sheilding and invisibility cloaks 4. Chemical and bio/medical sensing and optical devices super lenses for medical sensing, medical cancer treatment; gases and radiation sensors 5. On-Chip Interconnect on-chip nanoantennas So nanoantennas cover wide spectrum of applications
- 8. Conventional Antennas Nanoantennas • Fed by real current, EM resonance causes waves • Fed by localized current, Surface Plasmon Polaritons causes waves • Demands classical treatment • Demands QM treatment • Dissipated power related to voltage and current • Dissipated power related to Green’s function tensor and Local density of state (LDOS) Need for different infrastructures such as modeling software and fabrication engineering
- 9. • Long lifetime of exiton polariton causes recombination P0 = I 2 3 ph Dl l0 • Large ohmic losses and relative finite skin depth decreasing efficiency and unfocussed radiation pattern Need for optimized antenna element and skin depth
- 10. h =1- Tcold Thot Simple idea: Recycling of the wasted heat from the cold sink
- 11. Hotter Sink gets more hotter Increases efficiency Colder Sink gets more colder
- 12. 1. Absorbing antenna as close to Cold sink as possible Say ¼ wave distance =>short-circuit (unbalanced Voltage condition) Solution: Coupling capacitance
- 13. Coupling Capacitance, A. Boswell, “amasci” Tuned capacitive Coupling Improves power Radiation by 100 folds Avoids short-circuit; ehhances absorption
- 14. Nano-rectifiers Not easy to channel heat radiations These waves are vibrating in infra red or even THz frequency that todays commercial rectifiers can’t handle Nano-rectifiers 100-1,000 X smaller rectifiers needed
- 15. P0 = I 2 3 ph Dl l0
- 16. Graphene based absorbing antenna Fabry –Perot Resonance Chamber (LSPR) [Stamatios A. Et. Al] Can be tuned to absorb certain wavelength
- 17. P0 = I 2 3 ph Dl l0 [16] Maciej Klemm. "novel directional nanoantennas for single-emitter sources and wireless nano-links". International Journal of Optics, 2012(2012), 2012.
- 18. Basically an idea, I would do Modelling, FEKO Simulation, Implementation and what not. P0 = I 2 3 ph Dl l0 [1] Circuit implementation [2] efficiency improvement [3] good absorbing and radiating elements/ improvisation
- 19. [1] Javier Aizpurua, "Quantum kisses between optical nanoantennas”, mappingignorance (2013). [2] Javier Aizpurua, “Lecture given at 2 SSOP Porquerolles, Sept. 2009 I Dl P= ph 0 [3] Maciej Klemm. "novel directional 3 nanoantennas for single-emitter l0 sources and wireless nano-links". International Journal of Optics, 2012(2012), 2012 [4] A. Boswell, “amasci Thank you