Cathode ray oscilloscope and related experiments
Download as PPTX, PDF4 likes5,503 views
This document discusses the use and operation of cathode ray oscilloscopes. It describes the basic components of an oscilloscope including the electron gun, deflection plates, and phosphor screen. It explains how oscilloscopes are used to observe and measure the amplitude, frequency, and timing of electrical signals. Specialized oscilloscopes can analyze signal spectra. The document also discusses focus, intensity, and timebase controls for adjusting the oscilloscope display. Examples of oscilloscope use include examining Fourier analysis, resonating LCR circuits, and measuring dual signal time bases.
Cathode ray oscilloscope and related experiments
- 1. Fourier analysis Resonating LCR circuit with damping effectCathode ray oscilloscope and related experiments.Trisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 2. Inside constructionNumbers in the picture indicate: 1. Deflection voltage electrode; 2. Electron gun; 3. Electron beam; 4. Focusing coil; 5. Phosphor-coated inner side of the screenTrisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 3. Trisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 4. Time base controlIntensity controlFocus controlTrisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 5. Examples of useTrisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 6. Moving the initial line up and downTrisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 7. Pictures of useHeterodyneAC hum on soundSum of a low-frequency and a high-frequency signal.Dual trace, showing different time bases on each traceBad filter on sine.Trisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 8. Oscilloscopes are commonly used when it is desired to observe the exact wave shape of an electrical signal. In addition to the amplitude of the signal, an oscilloscope can show distortion and measure frequency, time between two events (such as pulse width or pulse rise time), and relative timing of two related signals. Some modern digital oscilloscopes can analyze and display the spectrum of a repetitive event. Special-purpose oscilloscopes, called spectrum analyzers, have sensitive inputs and can display spectra well into the GHz range. A few oscilloscopes that accept plug-ins can display spectra in the audio range.Focus controlThis control adjusts CRT focus to obtain the sharpest, most-detailed trace. In practice, focus needs to be adjusted slightly when observing quite-different signals, which means that it needs to be an external control. Flat-panel displays do not need a focus control; their sharpness is always optimumIntensity controlThis adjusts trace brightness. Slow traces on CRT 'scopes need less, and fast ones, especially if they don't repeat very often, require more. On flat panels, however, trace brightness is essentially independent of sweep speed, because the internal signal processing effectively synthesizes the display from the digitized data.Trisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 9. Timebase ControlsThese select the horizontal speed of the CRT's spot as it creates the trace; this process is commonly referred to as the sweep. In all but the least-costly modern 'scopes, the sweep speed is selectable and calibrated in units of time per major graticule division. Quite a wide range of sweep speeds is generally provided, from seconds to as fast as picoseconds (in the fastest 'scopes) per division. Usually, a continuously-variable control (often a knob in front of the calibrated selector knob) offers uncalibrated speeds, typically slower than calibrated. This control provides a range somewhat greater than that of consecutive calibrated steps, making any speed available between the extremes.Horizontal position controlThe horizontal position control moves the display sidewise. It usually sets the left end of the trace at the left edge of the graticule, but it can displace the whole trace when desired. This control also moves the X-Y mode traces sidewise in some 'scopes, and can compensate for a limited DC component as for vertical position.Trisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 10. Object :- a) Finding the Fourier harmonics by using the Fourier analysis.Apparatus:- ac generator , CRO, Fourier kit. b) To study the series and parallel LCR circuit and plot the resonance curve at constant frequency and capacity. Apparatus: LCR kit , inductance coil. Trisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 11. a)Ac frequency generatorFourier wave form type kitFourier analysis experiment whole setupCROTrisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 12. b)Resonating circuit kitAir core inductance (for studying the resonating in LCR and its damping effect)Trisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 13. Some of the brief features and experiment data of LCR resonant circuit1) Circuit diagram for series LCR :-Trisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 14. Graph representationSeries LCR having max current at cont capacity 700pFSeries LCR having max current at cont frequency at 50 HzTrisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 15. 2) Circuit diagram for parallel LCR:-Trisha Banerjee @ 2010
- 16. Graph representationParallel LCR having max current at cont capacity 700pFParallel LCR having max current at cont frequency at 50 HzTrisha Banerjee @ 2010