ch_13-section 5
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This document discusses socialism and its origins as a response to the economic and social injustices of the Industrial Revolution. It describes early utopian socialists like Robert Owen who advocated for cooperative communities. It then focuses on Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, who published The Communist Manifesto arguing that the capitalist system should be overthrown and the means of production controlled by the proletariat. Finally, it briefly outlines different forms of socialism like communism, where the government owns and controls the economy, and democratic socialism.
ch_13-section 5
- 1. CHAPTER 13 The Industrial Revolution Section 1: Origins of the Industrial Revolution Section 2: The Factory System Section 3: New Methods and Business Organizations Section 4: Living and Working Conditions Section 5: Socialism
- 2. SECTION 5 Socialism Ch 13.5 Bell Ringer: What are some examples of ideas that arose out of Marxism? (create a bubble map)
- 3. SECTION 5 Socialism The increasing wealth of the nation has little or no tendency to better the conditions of the labouring poor.” Thomas Malthus 1798 Essay on Population As the Industrial Revolution progressed, a growing number of people became concerned with the economic and social injustice. Many believed that the interests of employers naturally conflicted with those of workers.
- 4. SECTION 5 Socialism Distribution of Wealth Before the industrial revolution of the late-eighteenth century, living standards had advanced little since the invention of agriculture. With the Industrial Revolution, a FEW people became enormously rich – MOST remained poor … including the workers.
- 5. SECTION 5 Socialism Reformers argued that the only way to distribute wealth more evenly was to change the ownership and operation of the means of production. Means of Production? …things used by human laborers to create products So … who should control this stuff if not the owners?
- 6. SECTION 5 Socialism Socialism • A political and economic system • Gov’ts own the means of production • Operate them for the benefit of ALL people – rich or poor • Does away with the profit motive and competition • EVERYONE - not just the owners – had a right to share in the profits!
- 7. SECTION 5 Socialism Utopian Socialists • Small cooperative settlements • Everyone would work for the common good • Together they would own the means of production and share the products
- 8. SECTION 5 Socialism Robert Owen – most influential utopian socialist …believed that people who lived in a good environment would stop acting selfishly. Built homes, schools, made inexpensive food & clothing available, encouraged unions
- 9. SECTION 5 Socialism Marx and Engels Believed entire capitalist system should be destroyed Published The Communist Manifesto 1848 owners = “bourgeoisie” workers = “proletariat” Argued all wealth is created by labor but Marx Engels that the workers only receive a small fraction of the wealth it creates – most of it goes to the owners! This will continue until the proletariat unite and seize power!
- 10. SECTION 5 Socialism Dictatorship of the proletariat Pure communism “From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs.”
- 11. SECTION 5 Socialism Political parties that influenced by Marx & Engels … Communism = authoritarian socialism Governments own the means of production and control ALL economic planning Democratic socialism elect socialist representatives People would retain partial control through election of officials …may own private property but gov’t owns at least some of the means of production
- 12. SECTION 5 Socialism Marx believed that workers had to unite to fight capitalism. International Working Men’s Association Second International International Workers' Association (IWA)
- 18. SECTION 5 Socialism Any Questions? QUIZ TIME!
- 19. SECTION 5 Socialism workers’ revolt communism Ideas that arose out of capitalism abolished Marxism governments own means of production and control all economic planning democratic socialism elect socialist educated people representatives government peaceful takeover of means owners paid for their property have partial control of of production to benefit all economic planning people