Ch.5 section 1 terms
- 2. Jacob Riis • May 3, 1849 - May 26, 1914 • Danish American social reformer, muckraking journalist and social documentary photographer. • Wrote the book How the Other Half Lives • Described the poverty, disease, and crime that afflicted many immigrant neighborhoods in New York City. • Married twice.
- 3. Jacob Riis • May 3, 1849 - May 26, 1914 • Danish American social reformer, muckraking journalist and social documentary photographer. • Wrote the book How the Other Half Lives • Described the poverty, disease, and crime that afflicted many immigrant neighborhoods in New York City. • Married twice.
- 4. Robert La Follette • June 14, 1855– June 18, 1925 • American politician who served as a U.S. Congressman, the 20th Governor of Wisconsin (1901–1906), and Republican Senator from Wisconsin (1906–1925). • Used his office to attack the way polit- ical parties ran their conventions. • Pressured the state legislature to require each party to hold a direct primary, in which all party members could vote for a candidate to run in the general election. • His great reform success gave Wisconsin a reputation as the “laboratory of democracy.”
- 5. Robert La Follette • June 14, 1855– June 18, 1925 • American politician who served as a U.S. Congressman, the 20th Governor of Wisconsin (1901–1906), and Republican Senator from Wisconsin (1906–1925). • Used his office to attack the way polit- ical parties ran their conventions. • Pressured the state legislature to require each party to hold a direct primary, in which all party members could vote for a candidate to run in the general election. • His great reform success gave Wisconsin a reputation as the “laboratory of democracy.”
- 6. Alice Paul • January 11, 1885 – July 9, 1977 • graduate of Swarthmore College who also received a Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania • Quaker social worker who headed NAWSA’s congressional committee • Organized the Washington march. • Jailed three times for demonstrating for woman suffrage.
- 7. Alice Paul • January 11, 1885 – July 9, 1977 • graduate of Swarthmore College who also received a Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania • Quaker social worker who headed NAWSA’s congressional committee • Organized the Washington march. • Jailed three times for demonstrating for woman suffrage.
- 8. Square Deal • Reform programs created by Roosevelt. • Formed upon three basic ideas: conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection. • Aimed at helping middle class citizens. • involved attacking the plutocracy and bad trusts • Protected business from extreme demands of organized labor
- 9. Northern Securities • Formed in 1902 • Giant new holding company • Created by three men: E. H. Harriman, James J. Hill, J.P. Morgan, J. D. Rockefeller • Controlled the Northern Pacific Railway, Great Northern Railway, Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad • Sued in 1902 under the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 by President Theodore Roosevelt
- 10. United Mine Workers • Called a strike of the miners who dug anthracite, or hard coal. • Nearly 150,000 workers demanded a pay increase, a reduction in work hours, and recognition for their union. • Strike continued for a few months, any longer it would threaten factories because of the shortage of coal, shutting down the factories and leaving many people’s home cold. • Roosevelt urged the union and the owners to accept arbitration. Union agreed. Mine owners did not. • Roosevelt threatened to order the army to run the mines. Fearing this, they finally accepted.
- 11. United Mine Workers • Called a strike of the miners who dug anthracite, or hard coal. • Nearly 150,000 workers demanded a pay increase, a reduction in work hours, and recognition for their union. • Strike continued for a few months, any longer it would threaten factories because of the shortage of coal, shutting down the factories and leaving many people’s home cold. • Roosevelt urged the union and the owners to accept arbitration. Union agreed. Mine owners did not. • Roosevelt threatened to order the army to run the mines. Fearing this, they finally accepted.
- 12. Hepburn Act • Act was intended to strengthen the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC). • Gave it power to enhance the railroad rates. • ICC's authority was extended to cover bridges, terminals, ferries, railroad sleeping cars, express companies and oil pipelines. • ICC to set rates and regulations that limited competition and prevented new competitors from entering the industry. • Over time the ICC became a supporter of the railroads’ interests
- 13. Upton Sinclair • September 20, 1878 – November 25, 1968 • Pulitzer Prize-winning American author • Published The Jungle. • It exposed conditions in the U.S. meat packing industry • Caused a public disruption that contributed in part to the passage a few months later of the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act.
- 14. Upton Sinclair • September 20, 1878 – November 25, 1968 • Pulitzer Prize-winning American author • Published The Jungle. • It exposed conditions in the U.S. meat packing industry • Caused a public disruption that contributed in part to the passage a few months later of the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act.
- 15. Joseph G. Cannon • May 7, 1836 – November 12, 1926 • United States politician from Illinois and leader of the Republican Party. • Served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1903 to 1911. • Appointed all committees and decided which bills they handled. • Cannon could push some bills through without discussion and see that others never came to a vote.
- 16. Joseph G. Cannon • May 7, 1836 – November 12, 1926 • United States politician from Illinois and leader of the Republican Party. • Served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1903 to 1911. • Appointed all committees and decided which bills they handled. • Cannon could push some bills through without discussion and see that others never came to a vote.
- 17. Payne-Aldrich Tariff • Idea of wanting to protect high tariffs. • Cut tariffs hardly at all and actually raised them on some goods. • Bill provided for the creation of a tariff board to study the problem of tariff modification. • allowed for free trade with the Philippines, then under American control. • Had immediate effect of frustrating both proponents and opponents of reducing tariffs.
- 18. Richard Ballinger • July 9, 1858 – June 6, 1922. • Mayor of Seattle, Washington. • Conservative corporate lawyer. • Tried to make nearly a million acres of public forests and mineral reserves available for private development. • Pinchot charged the new secretary with having once plotted to turn over valuable public lands in Alaska to a private syndicate for personal profit.
- 19. Richard Ballinger • July 9, 1858 – June 6, 1922. • Mayor of Seattle, Washington. • Conservative corporate lawyer. • Tried to make nearly a million acres of public forests and mineral reserves available for private development. • Pinchot charged the new secretary with having once plotted to turn over valuable public lands in Alaska to a private syndicate for personal profit.