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Lecture Slide Presentation
by Patty Bostwick-Taylor,
Florence-Darlington Technical College
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
PART D
5
The Skeletal
System
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Appendicular Skeleton
 Composed of 126 bones
 Limbs (appendages)
 Pectoral girdle
 Pelvic girdle
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Appendicular Skeleton
Figure 5.6a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Appendicular Skeleton
Figure 5.6b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle
 Composed of two bones
 Clavicle—collarbone
 Scapula—shoulder blade
 These bones allow the upper limb to have
exceptionally free movement
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Shoulder Girdle
Figure 5.21a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Shoulder Girdle
Figure 5.21b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Shoulder Girdle
Figure 5.21c–d
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Upper Limbs
 Humerus
 Forms the arm
 Single bone
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Upper Limbs
Figure 5.22a–b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Upper Limbs
 The forearm has two bones
 Ulna
 Medial bone in anatomical position
 Radius
 Lateral bone in anatomical position
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Upper Limbs
Figure 5.22c
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Upper Limbs
 The hand
 Carpals—wrist
 Metacarpals—palm
 Phalanges—fingers
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Upper Limbs
Figure 5.23
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Pelvic Girdle
 Formed by two coxal (ossa coxae) bones
 Composed of three pairs of fused bones
 Ilium
 Ischium
 Pubis
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Pelvic Girdle
 The total weight of the upper body rests on the
pelvis
 It protects several organs
 Reproductive organs
 Urinary bladder
 Part of the large intestine
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Pelvis
Figure 5.24a
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Pelvis: Right Coxal Bone
Figure 5.24b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Gender Differences of the Pelvis
 The female inlet is larger and more circular
 The female pelvis as a whole is shallower, and the
bones are lighter and thinner
 The female ilia flare more laterally
 The female sacrum is shorter and less curved
 The female ischial spines are shorter and farther
apart; thus the outlet is larger
 The female pubic arch is more rounded because
the angle of the pubic arch is greater
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Gender Differences of the Pelvis
Figure 5.24c
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Lower Limbs
 The thigh has one bone
 Femur
 The heaviest, strongest bone in the body
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Lower Limbs
Figure 5.25a–b
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Lower Limbs
 The lower leg has two bones
 Tibia
 Shinbone
 Larger and medially oriented
 Fibula
 Thin and sticklike
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Lower Limbs
Figure 5.25c
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Lower Limbs
 The foot
 Tarsals
 Two largest tarsals
 Calcaneus (heelbone)
 Talus
 Metatarsals—sole
 Phalanges—toes
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Bones of the Lower Limb
Figure 5.26
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Arches of the Foot
 Bones of the foot are arranged to form three
strong arches
 Two longitudinal
 One transverse
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Arches of the Foot
Figure 5.27

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CVA A&P - Chapter 5c: Honors Appendicular Skeleton

  • 1. PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PART D 5 The Skeletal System
  • 2. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Appendicular Skeleton  Composed of 126 bones  Limbs (appendages)  Pectoral girdle  Pelvic girdle
  • 3. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Appendicular Skeleton Figure 5.6a
  • 4. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Appendicular Skeleton Figure 5.6b
  • 5. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle  Composed of two bones  Clavicle—collarbone  Scapula—shoulder blade  These bones allow the upper limb to have exceptionally free movement
  • 6. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Shoulder Girdle Figure 5.21a
  • 7. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Shoulder Girdle Figure 5.21b
  • 8. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Shoulder Girdle Figure 5.21c–d
  • 9. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Upper Limbs  Humerus  Forms the arm  Single bone
  • 10. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Upper Limbs Figure 5.22a–b
  • 11. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Upper Limbs  The forearm has two bones  Ulna  Medial bone in anatomical position  Radius  Lateral bone in anatomical position
  • 12. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Upper Limbs Figure 5.22c
  • 13. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Upper Limbs  The hand  Carpals—wrist  Metacarpals—palm  Phalanges—fingers
  • 14. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Upper Limbs Figure 5.23
  • 15. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Pelvic Girdle  Formed by two coxal (ossa coxae) bones  Composed of three pairs of fused bones  Ilium  Ischium  Pubis
  • 16. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Pelvic Girdle  The total weight of the upper body rests on the pelvis  It protects several organs  Reproductive organs  Urinary bladder  Part of the large intestine
  • 17. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Pelvis Figure 5.24a
  • 18. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Pelvis: Right Coxal Bone Figure 5.24b
  • 19. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Gender Differences of the Pelvis  The female inlet is larger and more circular  The female pelvis as a whole is shallower, and the bones are lighter and thinner  The female ilia flare more laterally  The female sacrum is shorter and less curved  The female ischial spines are shorter and farther apart; thus the outlet is larger  The female pubic arch is more rounded because the angle of the pubic arch is greater
  • 20. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Gender Differences of the Pelvis Figure 5.24c
  • 21. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Lower Limbs  The thigh has one bone  Femur  The heaviest, strongest bone in the body
  • 22. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Lower Limbs Figure 5.25a–b
  • 23. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Lower Limbs  The lower leg has two bones  Tibia  Shinbone  Larger and medially oriented  Fibula  Thin and sticklike
  • 24. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Lower Limbs Figure 5.25c
  • 25. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Lower Limbs  The foot  Tarsals  Two largest tarsals  Calcaneus (heelbone)  Talus  Metatarsals—sole  Phalanges—toes
  • 26. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Lower Limb Figure 5.26
  • 27. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Arches of the Foot  Bones of the foot are arranged to form three strong arches  Two longitudinal  One transverse
  • 28. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Arches of the Foot Figure 5.27