Challenges implementing Green Initiatives in Tall Buildings

Living in harmony with Nature
Challenges in implementing Renewable Energy
in Tall Buildings
June, 2016
Tejwant Navalkar

 RENEWABLE ENERGY – AN INTRODUCTION
 GRIHA RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
 LEED – NC RENEWABLE REQUIREMENTS
 IGBC – GREEN HOMES REQUIREMENTS
 CASE STUDY – A 240.7m tall Building
• Building Features
• Solar Hot Water Schematic
• Solar PV Requirements
• Challenges in implementing Renewable Energy
 POSSIBLE SOLUTION
 CASE STUDY for IMPLEMENTING THE SOLUTION
 NEED TO REVIEW THE GREEN RATING APPROACH
AGENDA

 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEMS
 SOLAR THERMAL SOLUTIONS
 WIND TURBINE
 BIO-GAS FOR COOKING & ELECTRICITY
GENERATIONC
RENEWABLE ENERGY : An Introduction

 CRITERIA – 6 (Outdoor Lighting) - 1 point
 Minimum 25% of total outdoor lighting fixtures or
15% of total connected load, whichever is higher,
has to be provided with solar lighting
 CRITERIA – 18 (Renewable Energy Utilization) - Max 5 points
 Rated capacity of Renewable Energy system should
be minimum 1% of internal lighting and space
conditioning connected loads in the building
(MANDATORY)
 Rated capacity of Renewable Energy system meets annual
energy requirements from 5% upto 30% of internal
lighting connected load (Upto 4 points)
GRIHA : RENEWABLE ENEGY REQUIRMENTS

 CRITERIA – 19 (Renewable Energy based Hot Water Generation)
- Max 3 point
 Annual energy saved by Renewable Energy system is
20% to 50% of annual energy required for water heating
to meet the hot water requirement of the building.
(1 point)
50% to 70% of annual energy required for water heating
(1 point)
above 70% of annual energy required for water heating
(1 point)
GRIHA : RENEWABLE ENEGY REQUIRMENTS

 TOTAL POINTS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY
GRIHA : RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIRMENTS
Criteria Description Max points
Criteria – 6 Outdoor Lighting 1
Criteria – 18 Mandatory
Renewable
Energy Usage
1
Criteria – 18 Optional
Renewable
Energy Usage
4
Criteria – 19 Renewable
Energy based Hot
Water generation
3
TOTAL 9
This accounts for about 9% of the total 104 points for GRIHA

GRIHA : RATING SYSTEM
Points Scored Rating
50 - 60
1 star
(*)
61 - 70
2 stars
(**)
71 - 80
3 stars
(***)
81 - 90
4 stars
(****)
91 - 100
5 stars
(*****)

LEED – NC : RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
 EA CREDIT – 2 (Renewable Energy Usage) - Max 3 point
 Supply minimum 2.5% of the building’s total energy use
through use of on-site renewable energy systems.
(1 point)
 Supply between 2.5% & 5% of the building’s total energy
through use of on-site renewable energy systems..
(1 point)
 Supply between 5% & 7.5% of the building’s total energy
through the use of on-site renewable energy systems..
(1 point)

LEED : RATING SYSTEM
Points Scored Rating
26-32 Certified
33-38 Silver
39-51 Gold
52-69 Platinum
Certified 26-32 points, Silver 33-38
points, Gold 39-51 points, Platinum
52-69 points
Renewable Energy accounts for about 4.5% of the total 69 points
for LEED

IGBC – GREEN HOMES : RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
 ENERGY CREDIT – 4 (Solar Water Heater) - Max 3 point
 Provide solar water heating system to satisfy hot water
requirement for domestic purposes.
 The minimum hot water requirement for domestic purposes
should be calculated for 25 litres per person per day.
 Points are awarded as below:
Hot water through Solar Water Heater
as a percentage of the total Hot water
requirements
Points
 50% 1
 75% 2
 95% 3

IGBC – GREEN HOMES : RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
 ENERGY CREDIT – 6.0 (On-Site Renewable Energy)
Max 4 points
 Install renewable energy systems for atleast 2.5% of annual
consumption of the building.
 Points are awarded as below:
Renewable Energy as a percentage of
the total annual consumption
Points
 2.5 % 1
 5.0 % 2
 7.5 % 3
 10.0 % 4

CASE STUDY – 200.47m Tall Building
The Proposed Residential Project is spread over
365,735 sq.ft of land and is located Central Mumbai.
The Project has the following features:
 G + Podium floor(5nos) + atrium + 59floors
with 2BHK, 3BHK and 4BHK flats and 5BHK
(Penthouses)
 Sale Building having height of approximately
240.7m

CASE STUDY – 200m Tall Building
 BASIC PROJECT DATA :
 Built-up Area : Approximately 44,700 sqm
 Terrace Area : About 400 sqm in two levels
 Total Flats : 148 (Mix of 2BHK, 3BHK, 4BHK & Penthouses)
 Expected occupancy : 1100
 Total Water Requirements : 140,000 litres/day
 Hot Water Requirements : 55,000 litres/ day
 Building Lighting & Conditioning Connected Load : 3,800KW
 Internal Lighting Connected Load : 2018KW
 Total Outdoor & Façade Lighting : 60KW

 GRIHA RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIRMENTS for the BUILDING :
Criteria Description Renewable
Energy Required
Criteria – 6 Outdoor Lighting 10 KW
Criteria – 18 Mandatory
Renewable
Energy Usage
38 KW
Criteria – 18 Optional
Renewable
Energy Usage
60 KW
Criteria – 19 Renewable
Energy based Hot
Water generation
55,000 Litres Solar
Heater

 LEED-NC RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIRMENTS for the BUILDING :
Energy
Required
EA CREDIT – 2 2.5% of Maximum
Demand
50 KW
EA CREDIT – 2 5% of Maximum
Demand
100 KW
EA CREDIT – 2 7.5% of Maximum
Demand
150 KW
Internal Lighting Connected Load :
2018KW

 IGBC GREEN HOMES RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIRMENTS for the
BUILDING :
Energy
Required
Energy Credit – 4.0 Use of Solar Water
heater
55,000 solar
heater
Energy Credit 6.0 10% of Maximum
Demand
200 KW

 CONSTRAINTS IN IMPLEMENTING RENEWABLE ENERGY :
 Limited Terrace Area (400sqm in two levels)
• This can accommodate 7,000 litres solar heater OR
• This can accommodate 20 KW Solar PV Panels (Mandatory
requirement for GRIHA itself is 38KW)
 Tall building casts shadow on solar panels if mounted at the
podium level
 Intermediate Break pressure Hot water tanks required to be
installed at each of the fire break floors
 Circulating pumps required between solar heater and the
intermediate hot water tanks
 Re-Circulating pumps required for each hot water tank to
ensure instant hot water at the tap

CASE STUDY – 200.47m Tall Building
 CONSTRAINTS IN IMPLEMENTING RENEWABLE ENERGY :
 With multiple toilet shafts for each flat, measurement of hot
water consumption not practicable
 Solar Lighting system shaded by shadow cast by the Tall
building
 Close density of trees required as per Green Rating system,
these cast shadow on solar street lights
 Long cable lengths from the Terrace to the main LT
distribution panel

 POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS IN IMPLEMENTING
RENEWABLE ENERGY in TALL BUILDINGS :
 Provide covered shades fitted with Solar PV
modules over Swimming Pools
 Use of Integrated Building PV modules on
vertical faces of the Building.
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS (1/2)

 ALLOW CREATION OF OFF-SITE RENEWABLE SOLUTIONS :
 The building proponent creates Renewable Energy facilities
at an off-site location.
 The extent of Renewable Energy usage created in the off-
site location is adjusted against the short-fall in the tall
building under consideration
 This off-site creation should be viewed as equivalent to
having created an on-site solution.
 The Renewable Energy points would thus be gained by the
building proponent at the current location
 This would ensure that a Tall Building does not lose upto
9% under GRIHA or upto 4.35% due to constraints
imposed by a Tall Building
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS (2/2)

 SHIKSHAN KENDRA FOR ADIVASIS :
 Shikshan Kendra, in the heart of the tribal villages of
Dahanu District, promotes children education and provides
day care center for young toddlers from 0-4 years.
 The centre also provides pre-primary education to children
from nearby villages.
 A teachers training program, is also being conducted here,
for whom a residential hostel with a mess is provided.
 Other self sustaining and revenue generation activities like
printing press, screen printing, painting programs, farming
and many others are conducted here.
 Major problem is frequent electricity outages for 6-8 hours
a day during summer. Thus the inmates of this campus of
deprived of electricity to study and carry the activities
CASE STUDY : OFF-SITE ADJUSTMENT

 ELECTRICAL LOADS FOR SHIKSHAN KENDRA FOR ADIVASIS :

 HOT WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR SHIKSHAN KENDRA :
Sr No Description Hot Water
(Litres/day)
1 Domestic Use 5,000
2 Kitchen 1,500
3 Laundry 1,000
TOTAL 7,500

 RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIREMENT AT SHIKSHAN KENDRA :
Sr No Description Renewable
Energy
1 Solar Photovoltaic System 100 KW
2 Solar Water Heater 10,000 litrres
By installing the above Renewable Energy solutions at the off-site
location, the Building proponent would be able to :
 Meet the GRIHA Mandatory requirement
 Get additional 6 points under GRIHA Criteria 6, 18 & 19
 OR Get additional 2 points under LEED EA Credit – 2
 OR Get additional 4 points under IGBC Green Homes
Credit 4.0 and Credit 6.0

 ALLOW CREATION OF OFF-SITE RENEWABLE ENERGY SOLUTIONS
TO OFFSET RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIREMENT OF TALL URBAN
BUILDINGS :
 By Village electrification.
 By Providing electrification to urban and semi-urban centres,
suffering from frequent power outages.
 By Creating Renewable Solutions in townships.
 Through Creation of Solar or Wind Installations to upload
Renewable Energy to the Grid.
NEED TO REVIEW GREEN RATINGS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY

Tejwant Navalkar : +91-9821411436
tmndfx@dfxsystems.org
Contact Details
DFX Systems Pvt Ltd
Engineering & Renewable Energy Solutions
Your Partner
in
Designing For eXcellence
www.dfxsystems.org

Challenges implementing Green Initiatives in Tall Buildings

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