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Annals of DAAAM for 2011 & Proceedings of the 22nd International DAAAM Symposium, Volume 22, No. 1, ISSN 1726-9679
ISBN 978-3-901509-83-4, Editor B. Katalinic, Published by DAAAM International, Vienna, Austria, EU, 2011
Make Harmony between Technology and Nature, and Your Mind will Fly Free as a Bird
Annals & Proceedings of DAAAM International 2011
REVIEW OF FUTURE CHANGES AND CHALLENGES OF PRODUCTION
COMPANIES
PALCIC, I[ztok]; BUCHMEISTER, B[orut]; PAVLINJEK, J[oze] & VEDENIK, G[regor]
Abstract: In the paper a resource-oriented perception and reduce costs, eliminate waste and improve quality than in
findings of sustainable management is presented. Our times are production (Kosturiak, 2009; Kremljak et al., 2005).
characterized by the growing complexity of the systems and
their dynamic interactions. Firms that decide to act more 2.3 Energy
sustainable have to bear in mind that they do not only need The EU wants to obtain one fifth of its energy from
resources for economic activities today, but that they will need renewable sources by 2020. This 20 percent target is realistic
these tomorrow as well. This leads to contradictory for the final energy generation of electricity, heat and bio fuel.
management rationalities firms must deal with. The authors The direct and later the indirect co-firing of biomass in
present a holistic view of the development, with changes and fossil-fuelled power stations will become more relevant. Of the
new directions in different production relating areas (materials other renewable energies, wind and photovoltaic may continue
and technology trends, energy trends, ecology and to be growth markets. But commercial-scale solar thermal
environment, organization, customers, products). power also has good market prospects.
Key words: trends, development, technology, business process,
sustainability 2.4 Ecology
Ecology is good business! The processes of recycling,
1. INTRODUCTION resource recovery, material reduction, product reuse,
remanufacture and systems redeployment lead to innovation
Climate change and finite resources are beginning to affect and the reinstatement of the business life-cycle (Zeleny, 2009).
every organisation - big or small, public, private or non-profit Increasing productivity, increasing automation
and irrespective of its geographic location or type of business.
Growth in service industries
In a fast changing global scenario all economies are being
Increasing globalization, greater capital mobility
reshaped, businesses are being repositioned, green investments
More frequent relocation of businesses, depending on
Economy
are growing and consumers are calling for cleaner world
conditions for business
economy. So, this is a very interesting topic for investigation.
Virtualization of companies
Transition from high to low carbon and more sustainable
Knowledge as the most important resource
economies has begun. It is therefore no longer a matter of
choice for organizations to go green or continue doing business New business models through electronic and mobile
business
as usual. It is – in fact – a business imperative to incorporate
environmental sustainability in all their operations. The Continued reduction in the length of product life cycles
regulatory requirements for protecting the environment are Increasing environmental awareness
becoming ever more stringent and the consumer demands for Sustainability/regulation of all intermediate and end
eco-friendly products and services are at all time high. products
Environment
Development trends affecting economics, the environment, Increasing importance of recycling – new laws and
technology, customers and competitors are listed in Table 1. regulations
Sparing use of resources
2. CHANGES IN OBSERVED FIELDS Alternative raw materials and energies, renewable
energies
2.1 Materials Environmental disasters and new illnesses with
Materials have shaped the history. New material technology widespread effects
paves the way for progress in other technological areas. New Individualization of lifestyles
materials offer a high potential for sustainable development, Increased expectations as regards quality and service
Customers
such as the use of renewable resources and replacement of Standardized, process-based buyer-vendor relationships
environmentally harmful substances (Müller & Glutsch, 2007). Increased efficiency as a result of intelligent solutions
Well-informed customers
2.2 Technology Outsourcing / partnering
Technology has been one of the main engines of economic Rapidly growing importance of electronic, mobile and
development since the industrial revolution (Zeleny, 2009). real-time business
Globalization, growing demand for services, new Reduced costs / increased productivity
Lower barriers to entry in new fields of business as a
Competitors
organizational models - the working world in industry is rapidly
changing (Kehris, 2009). Researchers investigated the impact result of electronic media
of three highly differentiated technologies on industrial work of New competitors from other industries
the future: Biotechnology, Nanotechnology and Ambient Shorter life cycles of products and services
Intelligence. Intensive price wars for market share
In the departments for product and process development Growing importance of brand and image
and innovation management are the higher opportunities to Tab. 1. Observed trends of future development](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/changesandchalangesofproductioncompanies-130216185228-phpapp02/85/Changes-and-chalanges-of-production-companies-1-320.jpg)
Changes and chalanges of production companies
- 1. 0129 Annals of DAAAM for 2011 & Proceedings of the 22nd International DAAAM Symposium, Volume 22, No. 1, ISSN 1726-9679 ISBN 978-3-901509-83-4, Editor B. Katalinic, Published by DAAAM International, Vienna, Austria, EU, 2011 Make Harmony between Technology and Nature, and Your Mind will Fly Free as a Bird Annals & Proceedings of DAAAM International 2011 REVIEW OF FUTURE CHANGES AND CHALLENGES OF PRODUCTION COMPANIES PALCIC, I[ztok]; BUCHMEISTER, B[orut]; PAVLINJEK, J[oze] & VEDENIK, G[regor] Abstract: In the paper a resource-oriented perception and reduce costs, eliminate waste and improve quality than in findings of sustainable management is presented. Our times are production (Kosturiak, 2009; Kremljak et al., 2005). characterized by the growing complexity of the systems and their dynamic interactions. Firms that decide to act more 2.3 Energy sustainable have to bear in mind that they do not only need The EU wants to obtain one fifth of its energy from resources for economic activities today, but that they will need renewable sources by 2020. This 20 percent target is realistic these tomorrow as well. This leads to contradictory for the final energy generation of electricity, heat and bio fuel. management rationalities firms must deal with. The authors The direct and later the indirect co-firing of biomass in present a holistic view of the development, with changes and fossil-fuelled power stations will become more relevant. Of the new directions in different production relating areas (materials other renewable energies, wind and photovoltaic may continue and technology trends, energy trends, ecology and to be growth markets. But commercial-scale solar thermal environment, organization, customers, products). power also has good market prospects. Key words: trends, development, technology, business process, sustainability 2.4 Ecology Ecology is good business! The processes of recycling, 1. INTRODUCTION resource recovery, material reduction, product reuse, remanufacture and systems redeployment lead to innovation Climate change and finite resources are beginning to affect and the reinstatement of the business life-cycle (Zeleny, 2009). every organisation - big or small, public, private or non-profit Increasing productivity, increasing automation and irrespective of its geographic location or type of business. Growth in service industries In a fast changing global scenario all economies are being Increasing globalization, greater capital mobility reshaped, businesses are being repositioned, green investments More frequent relocation of businesses, depending on Economy are growing and consumers are calling for cleaner world conditions for business economy. So, this is a very interesting topic for investigation. Virtualization of companies Transition from high to low carbon and more sustainable Knowledge as the most important resource economies has begun. It is therefore no longer a matter of choice for organizations to go green or continue doing business New business models through electronic and mobile business as usual. It is – in fact – a business imperative to incorporate environmental sustainability in all their operations. The Continued reduction in the length of product life cycles regulatory requirements for protecting the environment are Increasing environmental awareness becoming ever more stringent and the consumer demands for Sustainability/regulation of all intermediate and end eco-friendly products and services are at all time high. products Environment Development trends affecting economics, the environment, Increasing importance of recycling – new laws and technology, customers and competitors are listed in Table 1. regulations Sparing use of resources 2. CHANGES IN OBSERVED FIELDS Alternative raw materials and energies, renewable energies 2.1 Materials Environmental disasters and new illnesses with Materials have shaped the history. New material technology widespread effects paves the way for progress in other technological areas. New Individualization of lifestyles materials offer a high potential for sustainable development, Increased expectations as regards quality and service Customers such as the use of renewable resources and replacement of Standardized, process-based buyer-vendor relationships environmentally harmful substances (Müller & Glutsch, 2007). Increased efficiency as a result of intelligent solutions Well-informed customers 2.2 Technology Outsourcing / partnering Technology has been one of the main engines of economic Rapidly growing importance of electronic, mobile and development since the industrial revolution (Zeleny, 2009). real-time business Globalization, growing demand for services, new Reduced costs / increased productivity Lower barriers to entry in new fields of business as a Competitors organizational models - the working world in industry is rapidly changing (Kehris, 2009). Researchers investigated the impact result of electronic media of three highly differentiated technologies on industrial work of New competitors from other industries the future: Biotechnology, Nanotechnology and Ambient Shorter life cycles of products and services Intelligence. Intensive price wars for market share In the departments for product and process development Growing importance of brand and image and innovation management are the higher opportunities to Tab. 1. Observed trends of future development
- 2. 0130 2.5 Environment responsibility for the future, where we will be faced with It is evident for the people that the higher their standard of changes and challenges in all the different spheres of our lives. living, the more critical the situation becomes for the As a result of the explosive growth in the networking of environment. We have to do everything within our power to both people and machines, the speed of progress will increase protect the environment and conserve resources. This includes further. Companies must invest in process evolution, examining every stage of a product's life cycle with a view to productivity or paradigm-free innovations to be among the conserving resources and promoting sustainability and then winners in the future, creating new value, new jobs, and new adapting it (Berner, 2004). prosperity for the mankind (Berner, 2004). Current and emerging research in this area includes: 2.6 Organization of business processes Eco-efficiency: Using operations management tools to Productivity, flexibility and quality are essential reduce environmental impact; competitive factors, closely related to the way business Product stewardship: Analysis of closed-loop supply processes are organized within the company. Innovation must chains, eco-labelling, green sourcing, carbon foot-printing, generate something new for the customer life – simplification, design for the environment; risk elimination, convenience, better price, fun, image and Sustainable technology: Analysis of novel operational emotions, style or environmental friendliness (Kosturiak, 2009; problems faced by organizations that develop or adopt new Lestan et al., 2009). products or services; Companies have responsibility for the general well-being of Sustainable development: Application and adaptation of society beyond short-term economic self-interest. At the level operations management concepts and tools. of the individual, this means devising jobs and work patterns which allow individuals to contribute their talents without undue stress. At a group level, it means recognizing and dealing honestly with employee representatives. This principle also extends beyond the boundaries of the organization (Slack et al., 2010). In the future a lot of new ways of doing business will appear. Development from e-business to e-value-chains, e- companies, e-markets and finally e-world is expected. The market's needs and expectations of performance objectives will vary. The extent to which an operation meets market requirements will also vary. In addition, market requirements and the operation's performance could change over time (Fig. 1). The role of the manufacturer over the entire product life cycle is changing, and manufacturers' overall responsibilities for their products are increasing significantly. Fig. 2. Building blocks of the 21st century (Berner, 2004) 4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The research was partly realized within the activities of the CEEPUS II Project (CII-RS-0065-04-0910). The authors would like to thank the network coordinator for his valuable support. 5. REFERENCES Berner, G. (2004). Management in 20XX, Publicis Corporate Publishing, Erlangen Kehris, E. (2009). Web-based simulation of manufacturing Fig. 1. Customers' needs and operation's performance changes systems. Int. Journal of Simulation Modelling, Vol. 8, No. (Slack et al., 2010) 2, pp. 102-113 Kosturiak, J. (2009). The new role of industrial engineering in a 3. CONCLUSION flat world. Acta Mechanica Slovaca, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 88- 92 Our planet's survival requires us to consider sustainability Kremljak, Z.; Polajnar, A. & Buchmeister, B. (2005). A in our decisions. The authors contribute with the review and heuristic model for the development of production forecasts for future changes towards sustainable businesses. capabilities. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 51, Time and knowledge are becoming decisive factors. No. 11, pp. 674-691 The great challenge facing us today and in the future is best Lestan, Z.; Brezocnik, M.; Buchmeister, B.; Brezovnik, S. & described as continuous renewal. This is an imperative that Balic, J. (2009). Solving the job-shop scheduling problem applies not only to business but also to science, government and with a simple genetic algorithm. Int. Journal of Simulation society as a whole. Reducing the dependency of our society on Modelling, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 197-205 raw materials and energy consumption through increased Müller, B. & Glutsch, U. (2007). Annual Report 2007, material efficiency and innovative, resource-efficient product Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ideas are promising concepts. The key areas of technology that ISI, Karlsruhe will have most influence on developments in the 21st century Slack, N.; Chambers, S. & Johnston, R. (2010). Operations are shown in Fig. 2. management, FT Prentice Hall – Pearson, Harlow. Being sustainable means combining a holistic approach Zeleny, M. (2009). Technology and high technology – Support with sustainability. It means shaping the present in the net and barriers to innovation. Acta Mechanica Slovaca, knowledge of traditions, with courage for new ideas and Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 6-19
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