chapter 01 week 1 lecture 2
- 1. PTHA 1513 FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY Week 1: Lecture 1 Elaine Wilson, PT 1
- 2. Today’s Theme Song 2 Welcome to the Sprin
- 3. Goals for Today 3 Review the course syllabus Define commonly used anatomic and kinesiologic terminolgy Describe common movements of the body Analyze the planes of motion and axes of rotation for common motions
- 6. CHAPTER 1 Basic Principles of Kinesiology
- 7. Kinematics 7 Translation Rectilinear motion (straight line) Curvilinear motion (curved line) Rotation (movement of body about an axis) Active movements e.g., flexing an arm over the head Passive movements e.g., resistance of a stretched ligament Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 8. Kinesiology Terminology 8 Anterior: toward the front of the body Posterior: toward the back of the body Midline: an imaginary line that courses vertically through the center of the body Medial: toward the midline of the body Lateral: away from the midline of the body Superior: above, or toward the head Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 9. Kinesiology Terminology – cont’d9 Inferior: below, or toward the feet Proximal: closer to, or toward the torso Distal: away from the torso Cephalad: toward the head Caudal: toward the feet, or “tail” Superficial: toward the surface (skin) of the body Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 10. Kinesiology Terminology – cont’d10 Deep: toward the inside (core) of the body Origin: the proximal attachment of a muscle or ligament Insertion: the distal attachment of a muscle or ligament Prone: describes the position of an individual lying face down Supine: describes the position of an individual lying face up Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 11. Osteokinematics 11 Planes of motion Sagittal plane: left-right division Frontal plane: front-back division Horizontal (transverse) plane: top-bottom division Anatomic position Degrees of freedom Number of planes of motion joint allows Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 12. Osteokinematics – cont’d 12 Axes of rotation Anterior-posterior e.g., hip abduction/adduction Medial-lateral e.g., elbow flexion/extension Vertical (longitudinal) Rotational movements, e.g., trunk rotation Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 13. Osteokinematics: Body Motions 13 Flexion Motion of one bone approaching the flexor surface of another Extension An approximation of the extensor surfaces of two bones Abduction Frontal plane movement away from the midline Adduction Frontal plane movement to ward the midline Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 14. Osteokinematics: Body Motions – cont’d14 Rotation Bony segment spinning about its longitudinal axis of rotation Inte rnalro tatio n Anterior bone surface rotates toward the midline Exte rnalro tatio n Anterior bone surface rotates away from the midline Circumduction A circular motion through two planes Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 15. Osteokinematics: Body Motions – cont’d15 Protraction Translation of bone away from midline in a plane parallel to the ground Retraction Movement of a bony segment to ward the midline in a plane parallel to the ground Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 16. Osteokinematics: Body Motions – cont’d16 Horizontal adduction and abduction Shoulder motions in the transverse plane Horizontal adductio n: hands come together Horizontal abductio n: extremities move away from midline Pronation Forearm movement that turns the palm posteriorly Supination Forearm movement that turns the palm anteriorly Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 17. Osteokinematics: Body Motions – cont’d17 Radial deviation Lateral hand movement toward the radius Ulnar deviation Medial hand movement toward the ulna Dorsiflexion Sagittal plane ankle motion bringing the foot upward Plantar flexion Sagittal plane ankle motion pushing the foot downward Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 18. Osteokinematics: Body Motions – cont’d18 Inversion and eversion Frontal plane motions of the ankle/foot complex Inve rsio n results in a medial-facing foot sole Eve rsio n results in a lateral-facing foot sole Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 19. Osteokinematics: It’s All Relative19 Two perspectives of movement at a joint Open-chain motion Movement of distal segment of bone about a relatively fixed proximal segment Closed-chain motion Movement of proximal segment of bone about a relatively fixed distal segment Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
- 20. Homework Read Chapter1: Esse ntials o f Kine sio lo g y fo r the PTAprior to Thursday 01/19/12 course at 9am. 20