Chapter 1 Characterization of Distributed Systems
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The document presents slides from Chapter 1 of 'Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design' by Coulouris, Dollimore, and Kindberg, focusing on the characterization of distributed systems. It illustrates various forms of transparency essential for distributed systems, such as access, location, concurrency, and replication transparency. Additionally, it provides graphical figures highlighting the growth of computers and web servers on the internet over the years.
Chapter 1 Characterization of Distributed Systems
- 1. Slides for Chapter 1 Characterization of Distributed Systems From Coulouris, Dollimore and Kindberg Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edition 4, © Pearson Education 2005
- 2. Instructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore and Kindberg Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 4 © Pearson Education 2005 intranet ISP desktop computer: backbone satellite link server: % network link: % % % Figure 1.1 A typical portion of the Internet
- 3. Instructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore and Kindberg Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 4 © Pearson Education 2005 Figure 1.2 A typical intranet
- 4. Instructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore and Kindberg Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 4 © Pearson Education 2005 Figure 1.3 Portable and handheld devices in a distributed system
- 5. Instructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore and Kindberg Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 4 © Pearson Education 2005 Figure 1.4 Web servers and web browsers Internet Browsers Web servers www.google.com www.cdk3.net www.w3c.org Protocols Activity.html http://www.w3c.org/Protocols/Activity.html http://www.google.comlsearch?q=kindberg http://www.cdk3.net/ File system of www.w3c.org
- 6. Instructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore and Kindberg Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 4 © Pearson Education 2005 Figure 1.5 Computers in the Internet Date Computers Web servers 1979, Dec. 188 0 1989, July 130,000 0 1999, July 56,218,000 5,560,866 2003, Jan. 171,638,297 35,424,956
- 7. Instructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore and Kindberg Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 4 © Pearson Education 2005 Figure 1.6 Computers vs. Web servers in the Internet Date Computers Web servers Percentage 1993, July 1,776,000 130 0.008 1995, July 6,642,000 23,500 0.4 1997, July 19,540,000 1,203,096 6 1999, July 56,218,000 6,598,697 12 2001, July 125,888,197 31,299,592 25 42,298,371
- 8. Instructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore and Kindberg Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 4 © Pearson Education 2005 Section 1.4.7 Transparencies Access transparency: enables local and remote resources to be accessed using identical operations. Location transparency: enables resources to be accessed without knowledge of their physical or network location (for example, which building or IP address). Concurrency transparency: enables several processes to operate concurrently using shared resources without interference between them. Replication transparency: enables multiple instances of resources to be used to increase reliability and performance without knowledge of the replicas by users or application programmers. Failure transparency: enables the concealment of faults, allowing users and application programs to complete their tasks despite the failure of hardware or software components. Mobility transparency: allows the movement of resources and clients within a system without affecting the operation of users or programs. Performance transparency: allows the system to be reconfigured to improve performance as loads vary. Scaling transparency: allows the system and applications to expand in scale without change to the system structure or the application algorithms.