Chapter 13
- 1. Introduction to Fire Protection 3rd Edition
- 2. Chapter 13 Emergency Incident Management
- 3. Objectives Explain the need for a plan at every incident Differentiate between offensive, defensive, and transition modes of attack Explain the need for organized thought processes in incident assessment Describe the strategic priorities at an incident Explain the terms strategy, tactics, and tasks
- 4. Objectives (con’t.) Explain the need for size-up of an incident Explain how a size-up is performed and what information must be communicated Describe the NIIMS Incident Command System Explain the need for unified command on a multijurisdictional incident
- 5. Introduction Every firefighter at a scene is responsible for assisting in the control of the incident Size-up the incident Apply strategic priorities in proper order Assist person in command Incident command system aids in effective management Presents structures that are adaptable to all types of incidents
- 6. Management Responsibility First-in officer initiates the plan All firefighters at scene must: Remain alert Be aware of the plan and the hazards present Standard rule “ Victims do not arrive at the scene in fire trucks”
- 7. Incident Planning Every incident must have a plan Establish objectives first Determine strategies to accomplish objectives Plans must be flexible to address changes in the incident as it progresses
- 8. Incident Planning (con’t.) Operational modes Offensive Aggressive, direct attack Defensive Protecting exposures, indirect attack Transition Using different modes on areas of incident Coordinate to avoid conflicting tactics Requires clear communication
- 9. Strategic Priorities Seven areas Rescue Exposures Confinement Extinguishment Overhaul Salvage Ventilation
- 10. Strategic Priorities (con’t.) Rescue This is first strategic priority May have to be delayed while hose lines are placed between victims and fire Exposures Prevent fire from spreading to adjoining structures or improvements
- 11. Strategic Priorities (con’t.) Confinement Attack from unburned toward burned Cut off spread of fire Extinguishment Putting fire out or stopping leak of hazardous materials Overhaul Search for hidden fire Make sure all fire is out
- 12. Strategic Priorities (con’t.) Salvage Save contents of building from additional damage May be concurrent with other operations Ventilation May have to happen before any of the other priorities are attempted Can be performed at any time during operation
- 13. Tactics Methods to accomplish objectives Interior search Laying supply lines Advancing hose lines to seat of fire Cutting holes in roof to release smoke and heat Spreading salvage covers
- 14. Tasks Jobs completed in a specified amount of time Don SCBA Advance hose lines Raise (throw) ladders Cut holes Operate equipment
- 15. Size-Up Ongoing mental process that results in a plan Components Facts Probabilities Situation Decision Plan of operation
- 16. Size-Up (con’t.) Continues as operations are carried out because situations change Always critique incidents afterward Look for what went right Look for what went wrong Don’t make the same mistakes twice
- 17. Vegetation Fire Size-Up / Report of Conditions Correct location Size Fuel type Slope and aspect Rate of spread
- 18. Vegetation Fire Size-Up / Report of Conditions (con’t.) Exposures in path Weather conditions Potential of the fire Additional resources needed Objectives
- 19. Structure Fire Size-Up / Report of Conditions Correct location Height/stories Size and type of structure Location and area involved Level of involvement
- 20. Structure Fire Size-Up / Report of Conditions (con’t.) Exposures Potential of fire Additional resources needed Objectives Obtain an “all clear”
- 21. Incident Command System National Incident Management System (NIMS) Created under HSPD-5 ( Management of Domestic Incidents ) Compliance of all federal agencies and departments To prepare for, prevent, respond to and recover from domestic incidents
- 22. Incident Command System (con’t.) National Incident Management System (NIMS) (con’t.) Five components Incident Command System (ICS) Preparedness Communications and Information Management Joint Information Systems (JIS) NIMS Integration Center (NIC)
- 23. Incident Command System (con’t.) National Interagency Incident Management System (NIIMS) Provides a common system for federal, state, and local levels National Interagency Fire Qualification System (NIFQS) Qualification, training, and certification of personnel
- 24. Incident Command System (con’t.) ICS System based on “Principles of Command” (see Chapter 7) Basic organizational structure for all types of emergencies Large or small incidents Simple or complex in nature
- 25. Common terminology For organizational functions, resource elements, and facilities Modular organization (see Figure 13-1) Expands and contracts in a logical manner Integrated communications Uses clear text (no codes) Components of the ICS
- 26. Components of the ICS (con’t.) Unified command structure Regardless of jurisdiction or function Consolidated action plans Unified objectives Manageable span of control 3 to 7 with 5 the optimum Predesignated incident facilities Base, camp, Incident Command Post
- 27. Components of the ICS (con’t.) Comprehensive resource management Single resource, task force, strike team Resource status Assigned: in use at the incident Available: able to respond in three minutes or less Out-of-service: not ready for immediate deployment; may be in base or camp
- 28. Organization Five areas of ICS Command Operations Plans Logistics Finance
- 29. Organization (con’t.) Command Incident commander and command staff Safety officer Liaison officer Public information officer
- 30. Organization (con’t.) Operations Operations chief and subordinates Staging area manager Branch director Division: based on geography Group: functional in nature, may cross divisional boundaries
- 31. Organization (con’t.) Plans Plans chief and staff Resources unit Situation unit Documentation unit Demobilization unit Technical specialists
- 32. Organization (con’t.) Logistics Logistics chief Service branch Supply branch
- 33. Organization (con’t.) Finance Finance chief Time unit Procurement unit Compensation/claims unit Cost unit Incident type sections
- 34. Incident Command System (con’t.) Advantages of ICS All positions are identified before incident happens Personnel that staff positions are ready to assume positions Teams can be brought in from different locations because of standardization Adaptable to any type of incident
- 35. At any incident, ask three questions: What do you have? What do you need? What is your plan? Effective management requires a plan Includes strategies, tactics, and size-up Incident command system is a method of placing a plan into operation Summary