On scene reports and size up
- 1. ON SCENE REPORTS AND SIZE UP 8 CRITICAL FIREGROUND FACTORS INITIAL ON SCENE REPORT 8 FUNCTIONS OF COMMAND
- 2. 8 FUNCTIONS OF COMMAND 1.1. Assumption, Confirmation, & PositioningAssumption, Confirmation, & Positioning 2.2. Situation EvaluationSituation Evaluation 3.3. CommunicationsCommunications 4.4. DeploymentDeployment 5.5. Strategy & Incident Action PlanningStrategy & Incident Action Planning 6.6. OrganizationOrganization 7.7. Review, Evaluation, & RevisionReview, Evaluation, & Revision 8.8. Continue, Transfer, & Terminate Command.Continue, Transfer, & Terminate Command.
- 3. Command Function #1 Assume, Confirm & Position Command
- 4. To quickly establish and confirm a single IC and to place that IC in the most effective command position. Major Goal: Command Function #1
- 5. Select the proper Command Mode (or position) IC #1 IC #2 IC #2 with IMT 100% 15 to 20% Less than 5%
- 6. Command Function #2 Situation Evaluation
- 7. Command Function #2 Develop a regular approach to Size-Up using the standard information management forms and the Critical Incident Factors Major Goal:
- 8. Strategic Decision Making Model: Critical Fireground Factors Risk Management Plan Strategy Incident Action PlanTactical Priorities SOP’s System Core
- 9. mostly laws of nature (unlimited) ICICICIC HAZARDSHAZARDSHAZARDSHAZARDS SAFETY SYSTEMSAFETY SYSTEMSAFETY SYSTEMSAFETY SYSTEM collapsecollapse toxic insulttoxic insult thermal insultthermal insult getting trappedgetting trapped getting lostgetting lost • Adequate numbers of trained Firefighter’s • PPE • tools/equipment/water • safety SOPs • IMS man made synthetic organizational (very limited) Intelligence (“Intel”):
- 10. Critical Factors are a list of basic items that the IC must consider when evaluating tactical situations. Critical Factors fall into 8 Basic categories: -Building -Fire -Occupancy -Life Hazard -Arrangement -Resources -Action -Special Circumstances
- 11. Fixed Factors Variable Factors •Building •Occupancy •Arrangement •Fire •Life Hazard •Resources •Action •Special circumstances Consider Fixed Factors Manage Variable Factors
- 12. Critical Factor - Fixed Building •Size – Area & Height •Interior arrangement •Construction type •Age •Condition •Value •Compartmentation/separation •Outside openings •Utility characteristics •Effect the fire has had on structure •Time projection on fire effects •How much is left to burn
- 13. Critical Factors Occupancy •Specific occupancy •Type – business, mercantile, public assembly, institutional, industrial, residential, storage, high rise •Value associated with occupancy •Status – open, closed, occupied, vacant, abandoned, under const. •Type of contents •Time – as it affects use •Loss control •Morale hazard
- 14. Critical Factors Arrangement •Distance of external exposures •Combustibility of exposures •Access, arrangement of internal exposures •Value of exposures •Most dangerous direction of fire ext. •Fire effect on exposures •Barriers or obstruction to operations •Limitations on apparatus movement •Multiple Buildings
- 15. Critical Factor - Variable FIRE •Size •Extent •Location •Stage •Most dangerous direction of travel •Time of involvement •Fire load •Type & amount of product left to burn •Product of combustion liberation •What is fire perimeter •How widespread is the fire •Ability to operate on fire
- 16. Critical Factor - Variable Life Hazard •Location of occupants •Number of occupants •Condition of occupants •Incapacities of occupants •Resources required for search •Fire control required for search •EMS needs •Fire effect on victims •Exposures •Hazards for Firefighters •Access to victims •Escape routes
- 17. Critical Factors Resources •Staffing & Equipment On-Scene •Staffing & Equipment Responding •Staffing & Equipment Available •Estimate on Response times •Condition of Responders •Capability of Personnel •Capability of Command staff •Hydrants & Water Supply •Built-in Protection Systems
- 18. Critical Factors Special Circumstances •Time of day/night •Day of week •Season •Holidays •Special Events •Weather •Social unrest
- 19. Critical Factors Action •Effect current action is having •Areas not yet covered •Stage of operations (tactical priorities) •Remote IC set-up •Is an effective IAP in place •Is an effective organization in place •What is the worst thing that can happen •Are operating positions effective •Are there enough resources •Are we operating safely •Is layering in place
- 20. 8 CRITICAL FIREGROUND FACTORS • BUILDING • FIRE • OCCUPANCY • LIFE HAZARD • ARRANGEMENT • ACTION • RESOURCES • SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
- 21. Identify the 3 most significant Critical Factors, and the most significant Critical Unknown for the following scenarios Sets & Reps
- 22. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 23. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 24. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 25. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 26. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 27. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 28. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 29. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 30. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 31. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 32. Critical Factors Bldg Fire Occupancy Life Arrangement Resource Action Special
- 34. Command Function #3 Major Goal: To initiate, maintain and control efficient Incident communications
- 35. Center communications around the tactical benchmarks
- 36. Major Goal: To Provide and manage a steady, adequate, and timely stream of appropriate resource Command Function #4
- 37. Call for resources based on the most rapid, accurate, current and forecasted event profile you can develop – based on the tactical priorities
- 38. There a 2 different Statuses that Companies fall into on the incident scene: Unassigned - Staged - Rehabbing - Rehabbed & Ready to go Assigned - 1st Unit to a location - To a SDG - On-Deck in SDG - Recycle in SDG
- 39. The foundation of any IMS system is: STAGING
- 40. Level 1 - Staging Applies to all initial responders (1st Alarm) 1st Engine, Truck Co. & BC respond directly to the scene Immediately goes into effect after Initial Radio Report from IC #1 All subsequent arriving units stage 1 block away in their direction of travel not passing their last tactical option
- 41. Level 2 - Staging In effect for greater alarms 1st Engine typically becomes initial staging officer – upgrade with staff if poss. IC should designate location and separate radio channel Will require CP helper to manage logistic channel – Active incident, should upgrade Command Post
- 42. Hot Zone Warm Zone BC FIT Level II Staging E 1 E 3 E 2 E 4 L 1 E 5 On-Deck On-Deck E-10 E-11 E-12 3 Deep Deployment Model SDG Co.s working in the Hazard Zone On-Deck Companies Companies in Staging E-13 E-14
- 43. IC S.O. S.A. Logistics BC FIT Command Van Staging E 1 E 3 E 2 E 4 L 1 E 5 Tactical Channel Ch. 2 Safety Channel Ch. 3 Logistics Channel Ch. 4 BC FIT BC FIT Warm Zone Safety Section Hot Zone The Command Post Communication Advantage
- 44. Command Function #5 Identify Strategy/Develop Incident Action Plan (IAP)
- 45. Major Goal: To use a systematic method to make basic strategy decisions, and to develop and initiate a Tactical IAP Command Function #5
- 46. Apply the standard risk-management plan throughout the incident: We will Risk our Lives A LOT, to Save SAVABLE Lives We will Risk our Lives A LITTLE, in a HIGHLY Calculated Manner, to Save Savable Property We will NOT Risk our Lives AT ALL, for what is ALREADY LOST (people or property)
- 47. The IC uses the incident’s Critical Factors and the Risk Management Plan to determine the overall Incident Strategy Offensive Inside Defensive Outside
- 48. Implement an action plan to match the overall strategy. Offensive IAP Defensive IAP Rescue Fire Control Loss Control Cust. Stabilization Establish Cut-offs Define Hazard Zone Search exposures Protect exposures
- 49. Major Goal: To develop an effective incident organization using the Sector/Division/Group system to decentralize an delegate geographic and functional responsibility Command Function #6
- 50. Match and balance organization to size/structure/complexity of the operating resources
- 51. Forecast and establish geographic & functional sectors/divisions/groups
- 53. Limit units assigned to sectors to five (5)
- 54. Hot Zone Warm Zone Task Level Follow SOP’s Get into the game properly Manage crew’s accountability: voice, vision, or touch Round trip ticket in hazard zone All members stay on hoseline Max distance inside; 175 feet Manage crew’s work cycle Always keep crew intact Responsibilities Co. Officer Firefighters Hoseline “Safety Zones” 6 ft 6 ft 16 ft Capt
- 55. Tactical Level BC / Tactical FIT / Safety Responsibilities -Risk Management -Tactical Priorities -Positions match conditions -Sector IAP -Coordinate w/ other Sectors -Sector Plan matches IC Plan -Accountability -Air Management -Manages Work- Rest Cycles -Manages On-Deck crews, Recycle & Rehab - Communicate with Safety Section Hot Zone Warm Zone BC FIT E-1 E-2 E-3 O n-D eck “Safety Zones” 60 ft
- 56. Command Van IC Strategic Level (ISO) SO SA Safety Section Logistics -Overall Safety Boss & Manage Hazard Zone -Actions based on SOP’s and Fire Command (IMS) -Perform 8 Functions of Command -Evaluate Inc. Critical Fireground Factors -Risk Management Analysis -Develop and Manage Strategy -Coordinate the IAP with Sectors -Manage the completion of the Tactical Priorities -Resource deliverer based on Sector requirements Responsibilities of the Incident Commander (ISO) Safety Zone = Entire Inc. 360º
- 57. Command Function #7 Review, Evaluation, and Revision
- 58. Major Goal: To confirm that the current IAP is meeting the tactical requirements of the incident that adequately provides for the safety of the workers, and to identify and address any areas that are not covered Command Function #7
- 59. Command Function #8 Continuing, Transferring, and Terminating Command
- 60. Major Goal: To provide the required duration of command necessary to complete the tactical priorities, to standardize how command is transferred, and to insure that operations are safely concluded Command Function #8
- 61. Assume, maintain and upgrade effective command positioning
- 62. Command Function #8 Continuing, Transferring, and Terminating Command
- 63. Major Goal: To provide the required duration of command necessary to complete the tactical priorities, to standardize how command is transferred, and to insure that operations are safely concluded Command Function #8
- 64. Assume, maintain and upgrade effective command positioning
- 65. Initial On – Scene Report Unit ID Building Info Stories – Size – Occupancy Type What’s Showing Nothing – Light Smoke – Smoke – Working Fire Supply Line Have Supply or need Supply 360 Situational Report What’s going on Strategy Offensive or Defensive Actions Fire Attack Search and Rescue, Blitz Attack, Rescue via ladder etc Establish Command Accountability Resources Safety Hazards Exposures
- 66. CRITICAL FACTORS AND SIZE UP
- 67. CRITICAL FACTORS AND SIZE UP
- 68. CRITICAL FACTORS AND SIZE UP
- 69. CRITICAL FACTORS AND SIZE UP
- 70. CRITICAL FACTORS AND SIZE UP
- 71. CRITICAL FACTORS AND SIZE UP
- 72. CRITICAL FACTORS AND SIZE UP
Editor's Notes
- #21: BUILDING FIRE OCCUPANCY LIFE HAZARD ARRANGEMENT ACTION RESOURCES SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES