1. The document discusses transmission lines, which guide electromagnetic wave propagation between a source and load through parallel conductors.
2. Transmission lines have distributed parameters including resistance, inductance, capacitance, and conductance per unit length. These parameters determine the line's characteristic impedance and propagation properties.
3. Lossless transmission lines have no resistance or conductance, so waves propagate without attenuation. Distortionless lines minimize signal distortion during propagation by making the attenuation and phase constants independent of frequency.