Chapter 3 presentation ope
- 1. Chapter 3: Social Media in Journalism group two: MEDIA MISFITS
- 2. -According to Alexander Jutkowitz, Group SJR managing partner said “Journalism happens when someone tells a compelling true story. Period. The practice need not be limited to an elite group of professionals called “journalists,” but those who attempt it must tell great stories and shareknowledge”
- 3. Journalism identified 5 Democratic Needs: 1)Journalism informs, analyzes, interprets and explains. 2)Journalism investigates. 3)Journalism creates public conversation. 4)Journalism helps generate social empathy. 5)Journalism encourages accountability.
- 4. Journalism Theories -Tewksbury and Rittenberg (2012) conclude: “The shift from a top-down media system to one that features more horizontal interaction of people and news represents a change in the relationship that citizens and others in a nation have with information” -The historic paradigm that news agenda-setting influences what people think about (McCombs & Shaw, 1972) may be weakened by the increasing importance of social media effects on media and public discussion (Jacobson, 2013). A Pew Research Center and Knight Foundation study found that nearly half of Facebook Users, or about one-third of the population, consume news on the largest social media platform (Mitchell, Kiley, Gottfried, & Guskin, 2013). The major conclusion was that, “news is a common but incidental experience.”
- 5. Journalism Theories -In other ways, news consumers on Facebook tend to mirror the larger population, although they tend to be more active as Facebook site users. More than three- fourths (77%) visits Facebook to check on friends with two-thirds (65%) visiting multiple times per day. According to the Pew study, the most popular topics on Facebook are: Entertainment (73%), People & Events in my community (65%), Sports (57%), National politics & government (44%), Local weather & traffic (42%), International News (39%), Science & technology ( 37%), Business (31%), and Breaking News (28%).
- 6. Citizen Journalism Journalism Shifted from being largely one way Mass communication to participatory work that includes some User Generated Content (UGC) UGC is an example of Blogs , Wikis, Discussion Forums, Post, Chats , Tweets , Podcasting , video, digital images ,and other form of media that is created by users of an online system that is made available. ( ex, Shade room , Bossip,) In 2008 Paulussen and Ugile examined and UGC influence on mainstream media and they noticed a shift in interest toward collaboration with audience member.
- 7. Citizen Journalism Professional Journalist would rather limit the use of user generated content because that routinely and passively rely on a number of official supplier of information. ( They want a reliable and trusted source and UGC can limit that .) Journalist Have to work under high pressure and tend to rely heavily on well known routines , and hold on to their core task which is defined as gate keeping. Gatekeeping Skills is decided how to pass information to people when the media cannot cover all of them. The gatekeeping skills is a major traits that distinguish professionals journalist
- 8. Crowdsourcing Users like us are now able to receive breaking new information which are not yet available to professional Journalist. People Now carry smartphones with High quality cameras with them almost everywhere, Photographs appear quickly on Twitter from the sites of most breaking news events
- 9. Micro Blogging Twitter has become very popular at pushing out numerous stories every day Twitter has become less credible than mainstream sites “it is particularly important for media practitioners to remain attentive to changes in news audiences’ attention patterns and assessments of media trustworthiness” (williams 2012 p. 127) practitioners should make sure their audience believes the stories they produce. User-generated content=participatory journalism Allows users to connect with anyone to create new content collaboratively
- 10. Journalism Case Studies Wiki leaks large database of advanced connecting of wrong doings exposed for everyone to see people accused of whistle-blowing: Edward Snowden Had to flee United States and seek refuge in Russia Wikileaks couldn’t protect Julian Asange, Founder of Wikileaks Assange and Chelsea Manning face numerous charges violating Espionage Act for releasing classified documents What Can We Learn From Wikileaks?
- 11. Successes Social media “democracy of distribution” has changed the news-making process. TWITTER REVOLUTION: Tunisian and Egyptian Revolutions of 2011 Key actors: Activists, Mainstream media outlets, Journalists
- 12. Bloggers - Blogging became popular online early in the new century. - Independent bloggers were able to use new tools - reach larger audiences. BLOG POSTS: between 500-1,000 words : blogging sites encourage use of hyperlinks : use of images and video links : keywords - bloggers use tags and keywords to make it easier to find the blog post through an online search
- 14. Social Media Celebrity - Kony 2012 (30 minute long viral video) - media content becoming its own media event - the YouTube video attracted the attention of young adults, which is a group that does not tend to pay as much attention to traditional news as older groups - 80 million views in 10 days - a year later it had 98 million views worldwide - Kony was a Non-Governmental Organization - an organization that is neither part of a government nor a conventional for-profit business
- 15. Failures The most significant challenge facing journalism in the social media age is paying for the enterprise. Newspapers- declining subscriptions, revenue loss, and layoffs Journalists replaced with younger, online-experienced computer programmers and social media specialists. 2008-09 recession impacted direction of mainstream media towards leaner business model “Continued erosion of news reporting resources” for quality journalism, results in the news industry being understaffed and unprepared to uncover stories, dig deeper, or question information.
- 16. Failures The Pew Research Center offers data on social issues, public opinion, and demographic trends influencing the United States and the world. Identified 6 important trends that advertisements packaged as news editorial content. 1. Public awareness of effects from newsroom cutbacks 2. News industry failure to capture the bulk of new digital and mobile advertising. 3. Increasing amount of native advertising- ads, sponsored tweets, etc. 4. Paid digital experiments, including use of paywalls for user-paid content.
- 17. 2013 Pew Survey concluded that 72% of adults, talking with friends/family is the most common way to receive the news- through WOM. 15% use social networks (FB, Twitter, etc.) to get news, and an even larger 24% use social media for age groups 18-25 yr old. One- fourth of 18-29 yr olds rely on social media for news. What do you think? Do you feel this accurate? How do you get informed about the news? Do you feel this a challenge or an opportunity for journalists and news
- 18. Lessons Journalists instilled with the model of objectivity. Suggested that journalism should strive for balance and fairness by telling two or more sides to a story letting audience be the judge. Creating norm of objectivity which has spread globally and remains a topic of debate. Truth or reality, free of personal opinion, is nearly impossible with a social media world By engaging in collaborative communities, journalists must release some editorial control and enter into a state of negotiation with the public. Social media engagement encourages fairness through an ongoing listening
- 19. Lessons Art of storytelling: Narrative possibilities Story makes sense out of confusing universe by showing how one action leads to another. A good story has no print and broadcast division, just essential principles such as action sequence, character, complication, and resolution.
- 20. Online journalists still work with traditional elements and values of the news, but get to take advantage of 3 online communication attributes that make reporting, producing, and distributing stories different from other mediums. Multimedia Interactive On-demand Audience-centered, conscious of keywords to increase search results, ready for continuous engagement Interactivity of the Web has brought an end to one-way flow.
- 21. Discussion Questions: Strategies and Tactics 1. How do you define journalism? How do you think traditional definitions of the work or journalists are being altered through participation in social media? What can working journalists do to maintain professionalism? 2. What must journalists do to be relevant to young people? What role should entertaining video play in attracting new audiences to journalism? Are there other tactics journalists can use to have a positive effect on business economics? 3. Does the norm of objectivity remain important within your definition of journalism? Are there other strategies journalists need to adopt to be considered as a trusted source for fair information within their communities?