Chapter 4 Supportive Physical Environments: Indirect Guidance
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The document discusses the importance of developmentally appropriate physical environments and sensory stimulation for infants, toddlers, and young children. It outlines several key theories that inform the design of early childhood classrooms, including Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory, Piaget's constructivist theory, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Well-designed classrooms that consider these theories are characterized by order, social interaction, choice, and active learning. They provide benefits like lower stress, better behavior and learning. Poorly designed rooms can have negative effects. The document provides guidelines for creating developmentally appropriate room designs.
Chapter 4 Supportive Physical Environments: Indirect Guidance
- 1. CHAPTER 4: Supportive Physical Environments: Indirect Guidance Guidance of Young Children Ninth Edition Marian Marion © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
- 2. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-2 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS AND SENSORY STIMULATION FOR INFANTS AND TODDLERS
- 3. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-3 Room Design for Infants and Toddlers: Essential Ideas Should meet the child’s physical and social/emotional needs Cleanliness is essential Spacious bathing and dressing areas Inspires pushing, pulling, rolling, emptying, and filling safe, clean toys; and climbing on safe structures Encourages children to gaze at objects at their level and to do messy, active things such as finger painting
- 4. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-4 Why is Sensory Stimulation Important in Infant Development? A powerful avenue for infant toddler development Infants can coordinate information from different senses Sensory stimulation benefits infant sensory coordination and brain development Helps meet emotional and social needs
- 5. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-5 Theoretical Foundations for Early Childhood Classroom Design
- 6. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-6 Theoretical Foundations for Early Childhood Classroom Design Theories focusing on the systems in which children develop: Brofenbrenner’s theory on the ecology of human development Theories focusing on how children construct knowledge: Dewey, Piaget, and Vygotsky’s theories on knowledge construction Theories focusing on psychological and emotional needs: Erikson’s theory on psychosocial development and Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs
- 7. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-7 Developmentally Appropriate Physical Environments for 3- to 8-Year-Olds
- 8. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-8 ECE Classroom Designs based on ECE Theory are Characterized by the Following: Sense of order: Well arranged, tidy, and organized rooms convey order and comfort Social interaction: Set up to promote interaction among children Making choices: Set up so that children can learn and practice how to make wise choices Active learning: Encourages active learning
- 9. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-9 Benefits of Well-Designed Spaces for Children Lower levels of stress Fewer discipline problems More positive interaction among children Helps children feel independent and self- controlled Meets higher-order needs in Maslow’s hierarchy Develop better decision making Better ability to initiate and engage in sophisticated dramatic play
- 10. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-10 Effects of Poorly Designed Rooms Communicates expectations of failure and lack of respect Contributes to poor academic achievement and behavior problems Higher levels of stress
- 11. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-11 Guidelines: Developmentally Appropriate Room Design
- 12. Marion. Guidance of Young Children, 9e. © 2015, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 4-12 Guidelines for Developmentally Appropriate Rooms Organize the classroom into activity areas Arrange activity areas logically Create attractive and sensory-rich areas Use a variety of indirect strategies to make it easier for children to work and play in the classroom