Chapter 7 terms
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The document defines key terms related to ancient Chinese history, government, and philosophy. It explains that China was ruled by dynasties of families who passed power down generations. Early writing used pictographs on oracle bones to predict the future. The philosophies of Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism influenced Chinese society and government. Confucianism emphasized duty to family and merit-based government jobs, while Daoism focused on nature and simplicity. Legalism viewed humans as evil needing strict rules.
Chapter 7 terms
- 1. Ancient China Sections 1 and 2 Vocabulary
- 2. Define dynasty Line of rulers from the same family aristocrat upper class of nobles; wealth comes from land owned, passed their power from one generation to the next pictograph characters in early Chinese writing that stood for objects
- 3. Define ideograph a character that joins 2 or more pictographs to represent an idea bureaucracy a group of appointed officials responsible for different areas of government mandate a formal order (i.e., Mandate of Heaven)
- 4. Define Dao “ the proper way” Chinese kings were expected to rule under the Mandate of Heaven oracle bones the earliest forms of Chinese writings have been found on animal bones and were used to predict the future
- 5. Confucianism System introduced by Confucius; believed that people should have a sense of duty to family and society, and that gov’t jobs should be awarded based on merit Daoism Chinese philosophy founded by Laozi, taught that people should give up worldly concerns and turn to nature
- 6. Legalism Chinese philosophy developed by Hanfeizi, it taught that humans were naturally evil and needed to be ruled by strict rulers and harsh laws Filial piety Childrens’ respect for their parents and older relatives; an important part of Confucian beliefs Social class – includes people who share a similar position in society