Chapter#2
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The document discusses key factors to consider in power system design: 1) A system must be efficient, carry imposed loads without overheating, and maintain minimum voltage drops. 2) It should provide continuous supply and minimize interruptions if faults occur. 3) The system needs to be simple and easy to operate/maintain with low losses. 4) However, a perfect system would be too costly, so economics must be balanced - using resources efficiently without equating economy with cheapness.
Chapter#2
- 2. CHAPTER NO # 2 ECONOMICS OF SYSTEM DESIGN
- 3. How to design a power system? • Efficient from a technological point of view • Must carry the load imposed on it without causing excessive heating • Voltage drop throughout the network must be kept to a minimum so as to hold the voltage at the consumer's terminals within specified limit whatever the loading conditions • Design to provide for continuity of supply and, should a fault occur on the system, interruptions in the supply to individual consumers should last for the briefest possible time if they are to occur at all. • System should be simple to operate and maintain as possible & losses must be kept at minimum • Routine maintenance should be done without interruption of supply • A perfect system according to the above conditions could no doubt be constructed, but the cost must be prohibitive that leads us to economics basis • It means ; this is not to equate economy with cheapness but to make the maximum possible use of the resources which are available
- 4. Comparison of Copper Efficiencies for various systems The amount of copper requires for the transmission of a given amount of power over a given distance using various system of supply i. d.c. three wire ii. a.c. single phase iii. a.c. three phase 1. OVERHEAD SYSTEM In this case the conductors are insulated from an earthed support and therefore the cost of the insulation is determined by the maximum voltage to earth 1. CABLE SYSTEM In this case an underground cable system the conductors are separated from each other by solid insulation and the cost of this is determined by the maximum voltage between conductors
- 5. Choice of System Voltage
- 6. Choice between A.C. and D.C. for Transmission