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Chef for beginners module 3

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This document provides an overview of organizing recipes and using version control with Chef cookbooks. It begins by outlining the learning objectives, then asks and answers some common questions about modifying recipes, packaging recipes into cookbooks, and using version control. It introduces the basics of Git version control and walks through exercises to generate a sample cookbook, add recipes, and initialize the cookbook as a Git repository. The document demonstrates how to create, apply, and verify a sample Apache web server recipe to install and configure Apache.

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Cookbooks Organizing Recipes Slide 1 of 57
After completing this module, you should be able to: Modify a recipe Use version control Generate a Chef cookbook Define a Chef recipe that sets up a web server Objectives Slide 2 of 57
Questions You May Have Slide 3 of 57
Thinking about the workstation recipe, could we do something like that for a web server? Questions You May Have Slide 4 of 57
Thinking about the workstation recipe, could we do something like that for a web server? Is there a way to package up recipes you create with a version number (and maybe a README)? Questions You May Have Slide 5 of 57
Thinking about the workstation recipe, could we do something like that for a web server? Is there a way to package up recipes you create with a version number (and maybe a README)? I think Chef is able to generate something called a cookbook. Shouldn't we start thinking about some version control so we don't lose all our hard work? Questions You May Have Slide 6 of 57
Slide 7 of 57
Versioning Pros and Cons Slide 8 of 57
Versioning Pros and Cons Saving a copy of the original file as another filename. $cpsetup.rbsetup.rb.bak Slide 9 of 57
Versioning Pros and Cons Saving a copy of the original file as another filename. $cpsetup.rbsetup.rb.bak or $cpsetup.rb{,.`date+%Y%m%d%H%M`} Slide 10 of 57
Versioning Pros and Cons Saving a copy of the original file as another filename. $cpsetup.rbsetup.rb.bak or $cpsetup.rb{,.`date+%Y%m%d%H%M`} or $cpsetup.rb{,.`date+%Y%m%d%H%M-$USER`} Slide 11 of 57
Git Version Control git is a distributed revision control system with an emphasis on speed, data integrity, and support for distributed, non-linear workflows. We will be using git throughout the rest of this workshop. Slide 12 of 57
Add the additional policy to setup.rb: The package named git is installed. Then apply this recipe with chef-apply. Lab Exercise: Install git Slide 13 of 57
Lab Exercise: Adding the git Package ~/setup.rb package'nano' package'vim' package'emacs' package'tree' package'git' file'/etc/motd'do content'Propertyof...' end Slide 14 of 57
Lab Exercise: Re-apply the Setup Recipe $sudochef-applysetup.rb Recipe:(chef-applycookbook)::(chef-applyrecipe) *yum_package[nano]actioninstall(uptodate) *yum_package[vim]actioninstall(uptodate) *yum_package[emacs]actioninstall(uptodate) *yum_package[tree]actioninstall(uptodate) *yum_package[git]actioninstall -installversion1.7.1-4.el6_7.1ofpackagegit *file[/etc/motd]actioncreate(uptodate) Slide 15 of 57
How are we going to manage this file? Does it need a README? Group Exercise: Create a Cookbook Slide 16 of 57
How are we going to manage this file? Does it need a README? Objective: ☐ Use chef (CLI) to generate a cookbook to store our setup recipe. ☐ Add the workstation cookbook to version control. Group Exercise: Create a Cookbook Slide 17 of 57
What is chef? An executable program that allows you generate cookbooks and cookbook components. Slide 18 of 57
What can chef do? $chef--help Usage: chef-h/--help chef-v/--version chefcommand[arguments...][options...] AvailableCommands: exec Runsthecommandincontextoftheembeddedruby env PrintsenvironmentvariablesusedbyChefDK gem Runsthegemcommandincontextoftheembeddedruby generate Generateanewapp,cookbook,orcomponent shell-init InitializeyourshelltouseChefDKasyourprimaryruby install InstallcookbooksfromaPolicyfileandgeneratealockedcookbookset update UpdatesaPolicyfile.lock.jsonwithlatestrun_listandcookbooks ... undelete Undoadeletecommand verify TesttheembeddedChefDKapplications Slide 19 of 57
Cookbooks What is a Chef Cookbook? Slide 20 of 57
A Chef Cookbook is the fundamental unit of configuration and policy distribution. Cookbooks What is a Chef Cookbook? Slide 21 of 57
A Chef Cookbook is the fundamental unit of configuration and policy distribution. Each cookbook defines a scenario, such as everything needed to install and configure MySQL, and then it contains all of the components that are required to support that scenario. Cookbooks What is a Chef Cookbook? Slide 22 of 57
A Chef Cookbook is the fundamental unit of configuration and policy distribution. Each cookbook defines a scenario, such as everything needed to install and configure MySQL, and then it contains all of the components that are required to support that scenario. Read the first three paragraphs here: http://docs.chef.io/cookbooks.html Cookbooks What is a Chef Cookbook? Slide 23 of 57
What Can chef generate Do? $chefgenerate--help Usage:chefgenerateGENERATOR[options] Availablegenerators: app Generateanapplicationrepo cookbook Generateasinglecookbook recipe Generateanewrecipe attribute Generateanattributesfile template Generateafiletemplate file Generateacookbookfile lwrp Generatealightweightresource/provider repo GenerateaChefpolicyrepository policyfile GenerateaPolicyfileforusewiththeinstall/pushcommands generator CopyChefDK'sgeneratorcookbooksoyoucancustomizeit Slide 24 of 57
What Can chef generate cookbook Do? $chefgeneratecookbook--help Usage:chefgeneratecookbookNAME[options] -C,--copyrightCOPYRIGHT Nameofthecopyrightholder-default... -m,--emailEMAIL Emailaddressoftheauthor-defaults... -a,--generator-argKEY=VALUE UsetosetarbitraryattributeKEYto... -I,--licenseLICENSE all_rights,httpd,mit,gplv2,gplv3-... -gGENERATOR_COOKBOOK_PATH, UseGENERATOR_COOKBOOK_PATHforthe... --generator-cookbook Slide 25 of 57
Group Exercise: Let's Create a Cookbook $cd~ $chefgeneratecookbookworkstation InstallingCookbookGems: CompilingCookbooks... Recipe:code_generator::cookbook *directory[/home/bmeyer/workstation]actioncreate -createnewdirectory/home/bmeyer/workstation *template[/home/bmeyer/workstation/metadata.rb]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/metadata.rb -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/metadata.rbfromnoneto0c09e4 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) *template[/home/bmeyer/workstation/README.md]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/README.md -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/README.mdfromnoneto590727 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) ... *execute[initialize-git]actionrun -executegitinit. *cookbook_file[/home/bmeyer/workstation/.gitignore]actioncreate -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/.gitignore -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/.gitignorefromnonetodd37b2 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) Slide 26 of 57
Group Exercise: The Cookbook Has a README.md file $treeworkstation workstation ├──Berksfile ├──chefignore ├──metadata.rb ├──README.md ├──recipes │ └──default.rb ├──spec │ ├──spec_helper.rb ... └──test └──integration ... └──helpers └──serverspec └──spec_helper.rb 10directories,9files Slide 27 of 57
The description of the cookbook's features written in Markdown. README.md http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax Slide 28 of 57
Group Exercise: The Cookbook Has Some Metadata $treeworkstation workstation ├──Berksfile ├──chefignore ├──metadata.rb ├──README.md ├──recipes │ └──default.rb ├──spec │ ├──spec_helper.rb │ └──unit │ └──recipes │ └──default_spec.rb 10directories,9files Slide 29 of 57
Every cookbook requires a small amount of metadata. metadata.rb Slide 30 of 57
Every cookbook requires a small amount of metadata. Metadata is stored in a file called metadata.rbthat lives at the top of each cookbook’s directory. metadata.rb http://docs.chef.io/config_rb_metadata.html Slide 31 of 57
Group Exercise: Let's Take a Look at the Metadata $catworkstation/metadata.rb name 'workstation' maintainer 'TheAuthors' maintainer_email'you@example.com' license 'all_rights' description 'Installs/Configuresworkstation' long_description'Installs/Configuresworkstation' version '0.1.0' Slide 32 of 57
Group Exercise: The Cookbook Has a Folder for Recipes $treeworkstation workstation ├──Berksfile ├──chefignore ├──metadata.rb ├──README.md ├──recipes │ └──default.rb ├──spec │ ├──spec_helper.rb │ └──unit │ └──recipes │ └──default_spec.rb 10directories,9files Slide 33 of 57
Group Exercise: The Cookbook Has a Default Recipe $catworkstation/recipes/default.rb #CookbookName::workstation #Recipe::default # #Copyright(c)2015TheAuthors,AllRightsReserved. Slide 34 of 57
Group Exercise: Move our setup.rb Recipe into the Cookbook $mv-vsetup.rbworkstation/recipes/ `setup.rb'->`workstation/recipes/setup.rb' Slide 35 of 57
This is a probably a good point to capture the initial state of our cookbook. Objective: ☑ Use chef (CLI) to generate a cookbook to store our setup recipe. ☐ Add the workstation cookbook to version control. Group Exercise: Version Control Slide 36 of 57
Group Exercise: Move into the Cookbook Directory $cdworkstation Slide 37 of 57
Group Exercise: Initialize the Directory as a git Repository $gitinit ReinitializedexistingGitrepositoryin/home/chef/workstation/.git/ Slide 38 of 57
Group Exercise: Use git add to Stage Files to be Committed $gitadd. Slide 39 of 57
The staging area has a file, generally contained in your Git directory, that stores information about what will go into your next commit. It’s sometimes referred to as the “index”, but it’s also common to refer to it as the staging area. Staging Area http://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-Git-Basics Slide 40 of 57
Group Exercise: Use git status to View the Staged Files $gitstatus #Onbranchmaster # #Initialcommit # #Changestobecommitted: # (use"gitrm--cached<file>..."tounstage) # # newfile: .gitignore # newfile: .kitchen.yml # newfile: Berksfile # newfile: README.md # newfile: chefignore # newfile: metadata.rb # newfile: recipes/default.rb # newfile: recipes/setup.rb # newfile: spec/spec_helper.rb # newfile: spec/unit/recipes/default_spec.rb # newfile: test/integration/default/serverspec/default_spec.rb # newfile: test/integration/helpers/serverspec/spec_helper.rb # Slide 41 of 57
Group Exercise: Use git commit to Save the Staged Changes $gitcommit-m"Initialworkstationcookbook" [master(root-commit)ae6968b]Initialworkstationcookbook Committer:ChefDKUser<chef@ip-172-31-11-224.ec2.internal> Yournameandemailaddresswereconfiguredautomaticallybased onyourusernameandhostname.Pleasecheckthattheyareaccurate. Youcansuppressthismessagebysettingthemexplicitly: gitconfig--globaluser.name"YourName" gitconfig--globaluser.emailyou@example.com Iftheidentityusedforthiscommitiswrong,youcanfixitwith: gitcommit--amend--author='YourName<you@example.com>' 12fileschanged,207insertions(+),0deletions(-) createmode100644.gitignore createmode100644.kitchen.yml createmode100644Berksfile createmode100644README.md createmode100644chefignore createmode100644metadata.rb createmode100644recipes/default.rb createmode100644recipes/setup.rb ... Slide 42 of 57
If you use git versioning you should ultimately push the local git repository to a shared remote git repository. In this way others could collaborate with you from a centralized location. Git Version Control Slide 43 of 57
Group Exercise: Move out of the Workstation Cookbook $cd~ Slide 44 of 57
Use chef generate to create a cookbook named apache. Write and apply a recipe named server.rbwith the policy: The package named httpd is installed. The file named /var/www/html/index.htmlis created with the content <h1>Hello,world!</h1> The service named httpd is started and enabled. Apply the recipe with chef-apply. Verify the site is available by running curl http://localhost. Lab Exercise: Setting up a Web Server Slide 45 of 57
Lab Exercise: Create a Cookbook $chefgeneratecookbookapache InstallingCookbookGems: CompilingCookbooks... Recipe:code_generator::cookbook *directory[/home/bmeyer/apache]actioncreate -createnewdirectory/home/bmeyer/apache *template[/home/bmeyer/apache/metadata.rb]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/apache/metadata.rb -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/apache/metadata.rbfromnoneto37ed5f (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) *template[/home/bmeyer/apache/README.md]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/apache/README.md -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/apache/README.mdfromnoneto5c3d3a (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) ... *cookbook_file[/home/bmeyer/apache/.gitignore]actioncreate -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/apache/.gitignore -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/apache/.gitignorefromnonetodd37b2 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) Slide 46 of 57
Lab Exercise: Create a Cookbook $chefgeneraterecipeapacheserver InstallingCookbookGems: CompilingCookbooks... Recipe:code_generator::recipe *directory[./apache/spec/unit/recipes]actioncreate(uptodate) *cookbook_file[./apache/spec/spec_helper.rb]actioncreate_if_missing(uptodate) *template[./apache/spec/unit/recipes/server_spec.rb]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile./apache/spec/unit/recipes/server_spec.rb -updatecontentinfile./apache/spec/unit/recipes/server_spec.rbfromnonetoa43970 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) *template[./apache/recipes/server.rb]actioncreate -createnewfile./apache/recipes/server.rb -updatecontentinfile./apache/recipes/server.rbfromnoneto3d6b92 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) Slide 47 of 57
Lab Exercise: Create the Server Recipe ~/apache/recipes/server.rb package'httpd' file'/var/www/html/index.html'do content'<h1>Hello,world!</h1>' end service'httpd'do action[:enable,:start] end Slide 48 of 57
Lab Exercise: Apply the Server Recipe $sudochef-applyapache/recipes/server.rb Recipe:(chef-applycookbook)::(chef-applyrecipe) *yum_package[httpd]actioninstall -installversion2.4.6-40.el7.centosofpackagehttpd *file[/var/www/html/index.html]actioncreate -createnewfile/var/www/html/index.html -updatecontentinfile/var/www/html/index.htmlfromnoneto17d291 ---/var/www/html/index.html 2016-04-0409:50:59.758483838-0500 +++/var/www/html/.chef-index.html20160404-21732-1o44k9g 2016-04-0409:50:59.758483838-0500 @@-1+1,2@@ +<h1>Hello,world!</h1> *service[httpd]actionenable -enableserviceservice[httpd] *service[httpd]actionstart -startserviceservice[httpd] Slide 49 of 57
Lab Exercise: Verify Website is Available $curllocalhost <h1>Hello,world!</h1> Slide 50 of 57
Group Exercise: Commit Your Work $cdapache $gitinit $gitadd. $gitcommit-m"InitialApacheCookbook" Slide 51 of 57
What file would you read first when examining a cookbook? Discussion Slide 52 of 57
What file would you read first when examining a cookbook? What other recipes might you include in the apache or workstation cookbook? Discussion Slide 53 of 57
What file would you read first when examining a cookbook? What other recipes might you include in the apache or workstation cookbook? Can resources accept multiple actions? Discussion Slide 54 of 57
What file would you read first when examining a cookbook? What other recipes might you include in the apache or workstation cookbook? Can resources accept multiple actions? How often would you commit changes with version control? Discussion Slide 55 of 57
Cookbooks Versions Version control Q&A What questions can we answer for you? Slide 56 of 57
On to Module 4 Slide 57 of 57

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Chef for beginners module 3

  • 2. After completing this module, you should be able to: Modify a recipe Use version control Generate a Chef cookbook Define a Chef recipe that sets up a web server Objectives Slide 2 of 57
  • 3. Questions You May Have Slide 3 of 57
  • 4. Thinking about the workstation recipe, could we do something like that for a web server? Questions You May Have Slide 4 of 57
  • 5. Thinking about the workstation recipe, could we do something like that for a web server? Is there a way to package up recipes you create with a version number (and maybe a README)? Questions You May Have Slide 5 of 57
  • 6. Thinking about the workstation recipe, could we do something like that for a web server? Is there a way to package up recipes you create with a version number (and maybe a README)? I think Chef is able to generate something called a cookbook. Shouldn't we start thinking about some version control so we don't lose all our hard work? Questions You May Have Slide 6 of 57
  • 8. Versioning Pros and Cons Slide 8 of 57
  • 9. Versioning Pros and Cons Saving a copy of the original file as another filename. $cpsetup.rbsetup.rb.bak Slide 9 of 57
  • 10. Versioning Pros and Cons Saving a copy of the original file as another filename. $cpsetup.rbsetup.rb.bak or $cpsetup.rb{,.`date+%Y%m%d%H%M`} Slide 10 of 57
  • 11. Versioning Pros and Cons Saving a copy of the original file as another filename. $cpsetup.rbsetup.rb.bak or $cpsetup.rb{,.`date+%Y%m%d%H%M`} or $cpsetup.rb{,.`date+%Y%m%d%H%M-$USER`} Slide 11 of 57
  • 12. Git Version Control git is a distributed revision control system with an emphasis on speed, data integrity, and support for distributed, non-linear workflows. We will be using git throughout the rest of this workshop. Slide 12 of 57
  • 13. Add the additional policy to setup.rb: The package named git is installed. Then apply this recipe with chef-apply. Lab Exercise: Install git Slide 13 of 57
  • 14. Lab Exercise: Adding the git Package ~/setup.rb package'nano' package'vim' package'emacs' package'tree' package'git' file'/etc/motd'do content'Propertyof...' end Slide 14 of 57
  • 15. Lab Exercise: Re-apply the Setup Recipe $sudochef-applysetup.rb Recipe:(chef-applycookbook)::(chef-applyrecipe) *yum_package[nano]actioninstall(uptodate) *yum_package[vim]actioninstall(uptodate) *yum_package[emacs]actioninstall(uptodate) *yum_package[tree]actioninstall(uptodate) *yum_package[git]actioninstall -installversion1.7.1-4.el6_7.1ofpackagegit *file[/etc/motd]actioncreate(uptodate) Slide 15 of 57
  • 16. How are we going to manage this file? Does it need a README? Group Exercise: Create a Cookbook Slide 16 of 57
  • 17. How are we going to manage this file? Does it need a README? Objective: ☐ Use chef (CLI) to generate a cookbook to store our setup recipe. ☐ Add the workstation cookbook to version control. Group Exercise: Create a Cookbook Slide 17 of 57
  • 18. What is chef? An executable program that allows you generate cookbooks and cookbook components. Slide 18 of 57
  • 19. What can chef do? $chef--help Usage: chef-h/--help chef-v/--version chefcommand[arguments...][options...] AvailableCommands: exec Runsthecommandincontextoftheembeddedruby env PrintsenvironmentvariablesusedbyChefDK gem Runsthegemcommandincontextoftheembeddedruby generate Generateanewapp,cookbook,orcomponent shell-init InitializeyourshelltouseChefDKasyourprimaryruby install InstallcookbooksfromaPolicyfileandgeneratealockedcookbookset update UpdatesaPolicyfile.lock.jsonwithlatestrun_listandcookbooks ... undelete Undoadeletecommand verify TesttheembeddedChefDKapplications Slide 19 of 57
  • 20. Cookbooks What is a Chef Cookbook? Slide 20 of 57
  • 21. A Chef Cookbook is the fundamental unit of configuration and policy distribution. Cookbooks What is a Chef Cookbook? Slide 21 of 57
  • 22. A Chef Cookbook is the fundamental unit of configuration and policy distribution. Each cookbook defines a scenario, such as everything needed to install and configure MySQL, and then it contains all of the components that are required to support that scenario. Cookbooks What is a Chef Cookbook? Slide 22 of 57
  • 23. A Chef Cookbook is the fundamental unit of configuration and policy distribution. Each cookbook defines a scenario, such as everything needed to install and configure MySQL, and then it contains all of the components that are required to support that scenario. Read the first three paragraphs here: http://docs.chef.io/cookbooks.html Cookbooks What is a Chef Cookbook? Slide 23 of 57
  • 24. What Can chef generate Do? $chefgenerate--help Usage:chefgenerateGENERATOR[options] Availablegenerators: app Generateanapplicationrepo cookbook Generateasinglecookbook recipe Generateanewrecipe attribute Generateanattributesfile template Generateafiletemplate file Generateacookbookfile lwrp Generatealightweightresource/provider repo GenerateaChefpolicyrepository policyfile GenerateaPolicyfileforusewiththeinstall/pushcommands generator CopyChefDK'sgeneratorcookbooksoyoucancustomizeit Slide 24 of 57
  • 25. What Can chef generate cookbook Do? $chefgeneratecookbook--help Usage:chefgeneratecookbookNAME[options] -C,--copyrightCOPYRIGHT Nameofthecopyrightholder-default... -m,--emailEMAIL Emailaddressoftheauthor-defaults... -a,--generator-argKEY=VALUE UsetosetarbitraryattributeKEYto... -I,--licenseLICENSE all_rights,httpd,mit,gplv2,gplv3-... -gGENERATOR_COOKBOOK_PATH, UseGENERATOR_COOKBOOK_PATHforthe... --generator-cookbook Slide 25 of 57
  • 26. Group Exercise: Let's Create a Cookbook $cd~ $chefgeneratecookbookworkstation InstallingCookbookGems: CompilingCookbooks... Recipe:code_generator::cookbook *directory[/home/bmeyer/workstation]actioncreate -createnewdirectory/home/bmeyer/workstation *template[/home/bmeyer/workstation/metadata.rb]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/metadata.rb -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/metadata.rbfromnoneto0c09e4 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) *template[/home/bmeyer/workstation/README.md]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/README.md -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/README.mdfromnoneto590727 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) ... *execute[initialize-git]actionrun -executegitinit. *cookbook_file[/home/bmeyer/workstation/.gitignore]actioncreate -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/.gitignore -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/workstation/.gitignorefromnonetodd37b2 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) Slide 26 of 57
  • 27. Group Exercise: The Cookbook Has a README.md file $treeworkstation workstation ├──Berksfile ├──chefignore ├──metadata.rb ├──README.md ├──recipes │ └──default.rb ├──spec │ ├──spec_helper.rb ... └──test └──integration ... └──helpers └──serverspec └──spec_helper.rb 10directories,9files Slide 27 of 57
  • 28. The description of the cookbook's features written in Markdown. README.md http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax Slide 28 of 57
  • 29. Group Exercise: The Cookbook Has Some Metadata $treeworkstation workstation ├──Berksfile ├──chefignore ├──metadata.rb ├──README.md ├──recipes │ └──default.rb ├──spec │ ├──spec_helper.rb │ └──unit │ └──recipes │ └──default_spec.rb 10directories,9files Slide 29 of 57
  • 30. Every cookbook requires a small amount of metadata. metadata.rb Slide 30 of 57
  • 31. Every cookbook requires a small amount of metadata. Metadata is stored in a file called metadata.rbthat lives at the top of each cookbook’s directory. metadata.rb http://docs.chef.io/config_rb_metadata.html Slide 31 of 57
  • 32. Group Exercise: Let's Take a Look at the Metadata $catworkstation/metadata.rb name 'workstation' maintainer 'TheAuthors' maintainer_email'you@example.com' license 'all_rights' description 'Installs/Configuresworkstation' long_description'Installs/Configuresworkstation' version '0.1.0' Slide 32 of 57
  • 33. Group Exercise: The Cookbook Has a Folder for Recipes $treeworkstation workstation ├──Berksfile ├──chefignore ├──metadata.rb ├──README.md ├──recipes │ └──default.rb ├──spec │ ├──spec_helper.rb │ └──unit │ └──recipes │ └──default_spec.rb 10directories,9files Slide 33 of 57
  • 34. Group Exercise: The Cookbook Has a Default Recipe $catworkstation/recipes/default.rb #CookbookName::workstation #Recipe::default # #Copyright(c)2015TheAuthors,AllRightsReserved. Slide 34 of 57
  • 35. Group Exercise: Move our setup.rb Recipe into the Cookbook $mv-vsetup.rbworkstation/recipes/ `setup.rb'->`workstation/recipes/setup.rb' Slide 35 of 57
  • 36. This is a probably a good point to capture the initial state of our cookbook. Objective: ☑ Use chef (CLI) to generate a cookbook to store our setup recipe. ☐ Add the workstation cookbook to version control. Group Exercise: Version Control Slide 36 of 57
  • 37. Group Exercise: Move into the Cookbook Directory $cdworkstation Slide 37 of 57
  • 38. Group Exercise: Initialize the Directory as a git Repository $gitinit ReinitializedexistingGitrepositoryin/home/chef/workstation/.git/ Slide 38 of 57
  • 39. Group Exercise: Use git add to Stage Files to be Committed $gitadd. Slide 39 of 57
  • 40. The staging area has a file, generally contained in your Git directory, that stores information about what will go into your next commit. It’s sometimes referred to as the “index”, but it’s also common to refer to it as the staging area. Staging Area http://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-Git-Basics Slide 40 of 57
  • 41. Group Exercise: Use git status to View the Staged Files $gitstatus #Onbranchmaster # #Initialcommit # #Changestobecommitted: # (use"gitrm--cached<file>..."tounstage) # # newfile: .gitignore # newfile: .kitchen.yml # newfile: Berksfile # newfile: README.md # newfile: chefignore # newfile: metadata.rb # newfile: recipes/default.rb # newfile: recipes/setup.rb # newfile: spec/spec_helper.rb # newfile: spec/unit/recipes/default_spec.rb # newfile: test/integration/default/serverspec/default_spec.rb # newfile: test/integration/helpers/serverspec/spec_helper.rb # Slide 41 of 57
  • 42. Group Exercise: Use git commit to Save the Staged Changes $gitcommit-m"Initialworkstationcookbook" [master(root-commit)ae6968b]Initialworkstationcookbook Committer:ChefDKUser<chef@ip-172-31-11-224.ec2.internal> Yournameandemailaddresswereconfiguredautomaticallybased onyourusernameandhostname.Pleasecheckthattheyareaccurate. Youcansuppressthismessagebysettingthemexplicitly: gitconfig--globaluser.name"YourName" gitconfig--globaluser.emailyou@example.com Iftheidentityusedforthiscommitiswrong,youcanfixitwith: gitcommit--amend--author='YourName<you@example.com>' 12fileschanged,207insertions(+),0deletions(-) createmode100644.gitignore createmode100644.kitchen.yml createmode100644Berksfile createmode100644README.md createmode100644chefignore createmode100644metadata.rb createmode100644recipes/default.rb createmode100644recipes/setup.rb ... Slide 42 of 57
  • 43. If you use git versioning you should ultimately push the local git repository to a shared remote git repository. In this way others could collaborate with you from a centralized location. Git Version Control Slide 43 of 57
  • 44. Group Exercise: Move out of the Workstation Cookbook $cd~ Slide 44 of 57
  • 45. Use chef generate to create a cookbook named apache. Write and apply a recipe named server.rbwith the policy: The package named httpd is installed. The file named /var/www/html/index.htmlis created with the content <h1>Hello,world!</h1> The service named httpd is started and enabled. Apply the recipe with chef-apply. Verify the site is available by running curl http://localhost. Lab Exercise: Setting up a Web Server Slide 45 of 57
  • 46. Lab Exercise: Create a Cookbook $chefgeneratecookbookapache InstallingCookbookGems: CompilingCookbooks... Recipe:code_generator::cookbook *directory[/home/bmeyer/apache]actioncreate -createnewdirectory/home/bmeyer/apache *template[/home/bmeyer/apache/metadata.rb]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/apache/metadata.rb -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/apache/metadata.rbfromnoneto37ed5f (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) *template[/home/bmeyer/apache/README.md]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/apache/README.md -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/apache/README.mdfromnoneto5c3d3a (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) ... *cookbook_file[/home/bmeyer/apache/.gitignore]actioncreate -createnewfile/home/bmeyer/apache/.gitignore -updatecontentinfile/home/bmeyer/apache/.gitignorefromnonetodd37b2 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) Slide 46 of 57
  • 47. Lab Exercise: Create a Cookbook $chefgeneraterecipeapacheserver InstallingCookbookGems: CompilingCookbooks... Recipe:code_generator::recipe *directory[./apache/spec/unit/recipes]actioncreate(uptodate) *cookbook_file[./apache/spec/spec_helper.rb]actioncreate_if_missing(uptodate) *template[./apache/spec/unit/recipes/server_spec.rb]actioncreate_if_missing -createnewfile./apache/spec/unit/recipes/server_spec.rb -updatecontentinfile./apache/spec/unit/recipes/server_spec.rbfromnonetoa43970 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) *template[./apache/recipes/server.rb]actioncreate -createnewfile./apache/recipes/server.rb -updatecontentinfile./apache/recipes/server.rbfromnoneto3d6b92 (diffoutputsuppressedbyconfig) Slide 47 of 57
  • 48. Lab Exercise: Create the Server Recipe ~/apache/recipes/server.rb package'httpd' file'/var/www/html/index.html'do content'<h1>Hello,world!</h1>' end service'httpd'do action[:enable,:start] end Slide 48 of 57
  • 49. Lab Exercise: Apply the Server Recipe $sudochef-applyapache/recipes/server.rb Recipe:(chef-applycookbook)::(chef-applyrecipe) *yum_package[httpd]actioninstall -installversion2.4.6-40.el7.centosofpackagehttpd *file[/var/www/html/index.html]actioncreate -createnewfile/var/www/html/index.html -updatecontentinfile/var/www/html/index.htmlfromnoneto17d291 ---/var/www/html/index.html 2016-04-0409:50:59.758483838-0500 +++/var/www/html/.chef-index.html20160404-21732-1o44k9g 2016-04-0409:50:59.758483838-0500 @@-1+1,2@@ +<h1>Hello,world!</h1> *service[httpd]actionenable -enableserviceservice[httpd] *service[httpd]actionstart -startserviceservice[httpd] Slide 49 of 57
  • 50. Lab Exercise: Verify Website is Available $curllocalhost <h1>Hello,world!</h1> Slide 50 of 57
  • 51. Group Exercise: Commit Your Work $cdapache $gitinit $gitadd. $gitcommit-m"InitialApacheCookbook" Slide 51 of 57
  • 52. What file would you read first when examining a cookbook? Discussion Slide 52 of 57
  • 53. What file would you read first when examining a cookbook? What other recipes might you include in the apache or workstation cookbook? Discussion Slide 53 of 57
  • 54. What file would you read first when examining a cookbook? What other recipes might you include in the apache or workstation cookbook? Can resources accept multiple actions? Discussion Slide 54 of 57
  • 55. What file would you read first when examining a cookbook? What other recipes might you include in the apache or workstation cookbook? Can resources accept multiple actions? How often would you commit changes with version control? Discussion Slide 55 of 57
  • 56. Cookbooks Versions Version control Q&A What questions can we answer for you? Slide 56 of 57
  • 57. On to Module 4 Slide 57 of 57