ChemSpider – An Online Database and Registration System Linking the Web
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ChemSpider is an online database offering over 26 million unique molecules, utilizing open source components and crowd-sourced data curation. It addresses challenges in data quality and standardization, particularly with the InChI system, while focusing on accurate name-structure relationships for chemical entities. The project aims to standardize its entire database and enhance collaboration among data providers to improve the quality of chemical information available online.
![Synonyms on PubChem 1,3-DICHLORO-PROPAN-2-ONE (2R,3R)-Butanediol bis(methanesulfonate) Ethyl-1-propenyl ether, mixture of cis and trans PSS-[2-[(Chloromethyl)phenyl]ethyl]-Heptaisobutyl substituted 1-Chlorobenzylethyl-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaisobutylpentacyclo [9.5.1.1(3,9).1(5,15).1(7,13)]octasiloxane](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ebipresentationoctober2011100911-111011100454-phpapp02/85/ChemSpider-An-Online-Database-and-Registration-System-Linking-the-Web-36-320.jpg)
ChemSpider – An Online Database and Registration System Linking the Web
- 1. ChemSpider – An Online Database and Registration System Linking the Web Antony Williams and Valery Tkachenko EBI Chemical Registry Systems Workshop, October 2011
- 3. ChemSpider… >26 million unique molecules from >400 sources .NET, SQL Server and GGA Indigo toolkit Multiple Open Source components – Jmol, JSpecView, Balloon, OpenBabel, MediaWiki Slices of data are Open but the entire data collection is not Open Crowdsourced depositions and curations Uses InChIs for navigating and linking the web
- 4. Vancomycin
- 5. Vancomycin Search Molecular SKELETON Search Full Molecule
- 6. Full Skeleton Search: 104 Hits
- 7. Full Molecule Search: 4 Hits
- 8. ChemSpider… >26 million unique molecules from >400 sources .NET, SQL Server and GGA Indigo toolkit Multiple Open Source components – Jmol, JSpecView, Balloon, OpenBabel, MediaWiki Slides of data are Open but the entire data collection is not Open Crowdsourced depositions and curations Uses InChIs for navigating and linking the web Uses Names for navigating and linking the web
- 9. I want to know about “Vincristine” If all algorithms work then everything on the page is correct by default except the name-structure relationship!
- 10. Vincristine: Identifiers and Properties
- 11. Vincristine: Vendors and Sources Linked by Structure
- 12. Vincristine: Patents Linked by Name
- 13. Vincristine: Articles Linked by Name
- 14. ORIGINAL ChemSpider “ Create a system for linking and navigating databases on the web ” Use the power of InChI , and the proliferation of InChIs in databases, to make connections Developed on .NET and SQL Server for speed of implementation and existing skill sets Seeded with PubChem database of 10.5M chemicals and expanded using other sources to 20M
- 15. How do we build it? We deal in Molfiles or SDF files – with coordinates Deposit anything that has an InChI – we support what InChI can handle, good and bad Standardization based on “InChI standardization” InChIs aggregate (certain) tautomers We link out to external sites using their IDs
- 16. InChIs – both on ChemSpider
- 17. Downsides of InChI InChI was a moving target (multi versions) but overall worked as planned. Good for small molecules – but no polymers, issues with inorganics, organometallics, imperfect stereochemistry. ChemSpider is “small molecules” InChI used as the “deduplicator” – FIRST version of a compound into the database becomes THE structure to deduplicate against…
- 18. Side Effects of InChI Usage
- 20. Side Effects of InChI Usage
- 21. Standardization Issues Depiction based on molfile
- 22. Downsides of Overall Approach Meshing data together based on InChIs worked for simple molecules 2D layout errors inherited or limited by algorithm Complex molecules that are meant to be the same thing were NOT deduplicated. Compounds differing by one stereocenter, named the same, meant to be the same, are not the same
- 23. Yohimbine
- 24. Originally 15 compounds “called” Yohimbine 54 Skeletons for Yohimbine
- 25. ChemSpider as an Aggregator ChemSpider has inherited many errors, and it continues but we are way more careful now with pre-filtering Cannot deposit chemicals without an InChI Deprecated compounds remain deprecated Curated name-structure relationships do NOT remove the related structure If Taxol is removed from 20 asserted “incorrect structures” those compounds remain in the database
- 26. Chemistry Databases on the Internet Some public databases are “trusted” as primary sources Trust is granted without investigation or understanding of the content What do we know about some of the online resources?
- 27. PHYSPROP Database The freely downloadable database under the EPI Suite prediction software Very Basic filters suggest data quality issues
- 28. The Stereochemistry challenge. 12500 chemicals with “missed” stereo
- 29. Searches on ChemSpider Most searches are text-based: people searching for information about known chemicals Creating accurate name-structure dictionaries is critical
- 30. NIST Webbook
- 31. PubChem
- 32. NPC Browser http://tripod.nih.gov/npc/
- 33. NPC Browser http://tripod.nih.gov/npc/
- 35. NPC Browser http://tripod.nih.gov/npc/
- 36. Synonyms on PubChem 1,3-DICHLORO-PROPAN-2-ONE (2R,3R)-Butanediol bis(methanesulfonate) Ethyl-1-propenyl ether, mixture of cis and trans PSS-[2-[(Chloromethyl)phenyl]ethyl]-Heptaisobutyl substituted 1-Chlorobenzylethyl-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaisobutylpentacyclo [9.5.1.1(3,9).1(5,15).1(7,13)]octasiloxane
- 44. What is meant by a name?
- 45. Choose a Starting Point
- 46. “ The First 10”
- 47. What is getting into Our Databases? Large aggregators are inheriting junk data Data HAS proliferated from ChemSpider through PubChem – in process of deprecating and redepositing A lot of data is for chemicals that will never exist (probably)
- 48. Standardization of Patent Data???
- 49. Standardization of Patent Data???
- 52. Text Mining Chemical Name Errors
- 53. “ DPA”
- 54. All aggegators suffer dilution!
- 58. Human Depiction versus Algorithms
- 59. Human Depiction versus Algorithms
- 60. Identifier Dictionaries Reciprocal curation processes…share curation with each other. If a database has a compound already then use InChiKeys to match “suggested” validation against the compound. A series of “added” and “removed” synonyms against InChIKeys for matching.
- 61. Proof of Concept Data Curation Sharing
- 62. Structure Validation using feed Look for approved synonyms Compare feed InChIKey with database InChIKey If different, flag for inspection
- 63. Open PHACTS : partnership between European Community and EFPIA Freely accessible for knowledge discovery and verification. Data on small molecules Pharmacological profiles Pharmacokinetics ADMET data Biological targets and pathways Proprietary and public data sources.
- 64. Adopting Modified FDA Rules As already used by ChEMBL…
- 65. Nitro groups
- 66. Salt and Ionic Bonds
- 67. Ammonium salts
- 68. Parent and Child Chemical entities reduced to primary component plus relationships salt forms solvates combinations
- 69. ChemSpider Standardization Entire ChemSpider database will be standardized using modified FDA rule set Original Molfiles will be standardized and all properties (predicted properties, SMILES, InChIs, Names) will all be regenerated Standardization procedures automatically applied to all future depositions
- 70. Project Status Standardization pipelining process initiated Rule implementation and checking – iterative work with Open PHACTS pharma members Data model development to support parent-child relationships In dialog with the FDA about latest form of recommendations
- 71. Conclusions ChemSpider has an important role in quality data Crowdsourced deposition, validation and curation works but low engagement to date Standardization of our entire backfile is necessary Designing the standardization processes with input from pharma and general chemists is necessary
- 72. Acknowledgments The ChemSpider team Our data providers, depositors, collaborators and curators Software providers – OpenEye, ChemDoodle, ACD/Labs, GGA Software, Open Source (Jmol, JSpecView, OpenBabel)
- 73. Thank you Email: williamsa@rsc.org Twitter: ChemConnector Blog: www.chemspider.com/blog Personal Blog: www.chemconnector.com SLIDES: www.slideshare.net/AntonyWilliams