Choice Lab Presentation (final)
- 1. Choice Lab Presentation BY: THOMAS CORNETTE & SCARLETT HARRIS
- 4. Muscular Strength: The maximum amount of force that is produce by a muscle or muscle group at a specific attachment site on the skeleton. Examples of assessment methods: 1. 1-RM test (ex: bench press, squat, power clean) 2. Isokinetic strength test (ex: Biodex) 3. Grip strength (ex: dynamometer) ( (Hamill & Knutzen, 2009)
- 5. Grip Strength: The force applied by the hand during concentric contraction. Grip strength is often used to get a general indication of muscular strength and it is also a good indicator of upper limb strength. It is measured in either pounds or kilograms (Heyward & Gibson, 1998) (Narazaki, Matsuo, Honda, Nofuji, Yonemeto, & Kumagai, 2014)
- 6. Hand Grip Dynamometer: This is the chosen assessment for hand grip strength for this lab https://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=frcNPiLnWRo (Muscular strength, 2014)
- 7. Power: Power is defined as the product of force and velocity Power is the distinguisher between mediocre and elite athletes All energy systems are used but the primary ones are: 1. Phosphocreatine 2. ATP storage (Heyward & Gibson, 1998) (Hamill & Knutzen, 2009)
- 8. Power Assessment Methods: Standing long (broad) jump Vertical jump test Just jump mats Shock put back throw Punch power Overhead medicine ball throw (forwards) (Speed & Power fitness tests, 2014)
- 9. Vertical Jump Test: The vertical jump shows the power someone has as they jump from a stand still position as high as they can. Dominantly focuses on the power of the legs The equipment used for this lab was the Vertec Jump testing choice of many college and professional teams https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=85EtdsmFCoY (McArdle, Katch & Katch, 2010)
- 10. Girth: The measurement around the middle of something also known as circumference or perimeter. Measured in inches or centimeters Gulick tape is used to measure girth Examples of girth measurements: 1. Waist 2. Hip 3. Forearm 4. Thigh 5. Calf 6. Neck (How FIT are you?…test yourself!, 2012) (Heyward & Gibson, 1998)
- 11. Muscle: How It Works (McArdle, Katch & Katch, 2010) 1.Nerve Action Potential. 2. Acetylcholine 3. Calcium 4. Troponin 5. Tropomyosin 6. Myosin Head/Actin Binding Site
- 12. Applications: Grip Strength: Good measure for total upper body strength Used in rehabilitation Athletes gauge of progress Vertical Jump: Measure of lower body power Athletes gauge of progress Possible use in rehabilitation (McArdle, Katch & Katch, 2010) (Heyward & Gibson, 1998)
- 13. Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to determine if larger forearm girth results in higher grip strength and if larger thigh girth results in a higher vertical jump.
- 14. Hypothesis: The hypothesis is that the larger the forearm girth, the higher the grip strength will be and that the larger the thigh girth, the higher the vertical jump will be.
- 16. Subjects: 6 subjects 3 males & 3 females All healthy young adults (ages between 20-21)
- 17. Hand Grip Strength: Height & Weight was conducted first (inches and kilograms) Each subject had his or her right and left forearm girth measured with gulick tape at the point of highest circumference. The subject was asked to straighten their arm out with their palms facing upward. Circumference of the forearm was measured in centimeters. Clinical Health Services hand grip dynamometer was used to assess grip strength. The subjects were then given a handgrip dynamometer (adjusted to their grip preference) When instructed, the subject squeezed the dynamometer as hard as possible until no increases in strength was observed. Each subject performed the test two times on both hands and the highest number for each one was recorded. The same manufacturer for the hand grip dynamometer was used to eliminate data errors.
- 18. Vertical Jump Test: Height & Weight was conducted first (inches and kilograms) Each subject had his or her right, and left thigh measured using gulick tape at the point of highest circumference. The subject was asked to place their foot on a chair Thigh circumference was measured in centimeters The Vertec vertical jump tool was used to assess vertical jump max. The Vertec was adjusted 12 inches above finger tip reach of the subject. When instructed, the subjects were told to jump and touch the highest marker possible. Upon two unsuccessful jumps, the inches were added up to max vertical jump height. The same procedure was used for each subject.
- 19. Variables: Independent: Girth measurements of the forearm and thigh. Dependent: Grip strength and vertical jump height.
- 21. Mean SD Range Height 174.42 5 I67.64-182.88 Weight 78.47 16.47 70.91-104.55 D FA Girth 27.42 2.20 25-31 ND FA Girth 26.83 1.83 25-30 D Grip 48.17 10.17 40-66 ND Grip 45.67 11.06 36-66 D Thigh Girth 57.5 6.13 51.5-66 ND Thigh Girth 57.58 6.97 51.5-66 Vertical 21.42 4.73 17-28.5 Table 1. Mean, SD, and Range of results Height is measured in cm. Weight is measured in kg. FA= Forearm which is measured in girth. D=dominant, ND= non dominant. Grip is measured in kg. Girth is measured in cm. Vertical measured in inches.
- 22. 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 31.00 32.00 GripStength(kg) Forearm Girth (cm) Forearm Girth in Relation to Grip Strength Figure 1. Forearm Girth In Relation to Grip Atrength r=.93 (dominant hand), r=.94 (non-dominant hand)
- 23. 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 50.00 52.00 54.00 56.00 58.00 60.00 62.00 64.00 66.00 68.00 JumpHeight(Inches) Thigh Girth (cm) Thigh Girth in Relation to Vertical Jump Figure 2. Thigh Girth in Relation to Vertical Jump Height r= -.63
- 25. Normative Data Comparison: For men aged 20-29 normal grip strength for the right hand is 47(9.5) kg, for the left hand it is 45(8.8) kg. 1/3 of the males fell into well above average category, and 2/3 fell into the average category. For females, ages 20-29, the normal grip strength for the right hand is 30(7) kg, and for the left hand 28(6.1) kg. All of the females fell into the above average category. The average vertical jump for males aged 21-30 is 22.1(3.4) inches. 1/3 of males in this study fell below average, and 2/3 fell above average. The average vertical jump for females ages 21-30 is 14.1(2.5) inches. All females in this study fell above average. (Massey-Westropp, Gill, Taylor, Bohannon, & Hill, 2011) (Patterson & Peterson, 2004)
- 26. Correlations: Grip Strength (kilograms) & Forearm Girth (centimeters): The strong positive correlation between grip strength and forearm girth somewhat agrees with the literate found. The literature shows that there is a positive correlation between fore arm girth and grip strength, but mostly in males. One study shows weak negative correlation for females and another shows a weak positive correlation. The differences in the present study could stem from the fact that the females in the present study are all athletes. Vertical Jump Height (inches) & Thigh Girth (centimeters): The negative correlation between thigh girth and vertical jump height is consistent with the literature. (Anakwe, Huntly, & Mceachan, 2006) (Davis, Briscoe, Markowski, Saville, & Taylor, 2003)
- 27. Applications: Grip Strength and Forearm Athletes can do forearm exercise to increase grip strength for sport related activities and use forearm girth as a gauge to whether or not their current program is working for them in this area. Clinicians can use forearm exercises to increase hand strength after surgery or injury to the wrist, hand , or arm. Forearm girth can be used as a measure to determine if the current rehabilitation program is working or not. Thigh Girth and Vertical Jump Thigh girth does not correspond to vertical jump. Athletes can use this information to understand that thigh girth does not mean a higher jump.
- 28. Conclusion: The original hypothesis stated that larger forearm girth would result in a higher grip strength and that a larger thigh girth would result in a higher vertical jump. Forearm girth and grip strength was confirmed Thigh girth and vertical jump was refuted
- 29. References: Anakwe, R. E., Huntly, J. S., & Mceachan, J. E. (2006). Grip Strength and Forearm Circumference in a Healthy Population. Journal Of Hand Surgery (European Volume) , 203-209. Davis, S. D., Briscoe, D. A., Markowski, C. T., Saville, S. E., & Taylor, C. J. (2003). Physical Characteristics That Predict Vertical Jump Performance In Recreational Male Athletes . Physical Therapy In Sport , 167-174. Heyward, V., & Gibson, A. (1998). Advanced fitness assessment & exercise prescription (3rd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Massey-Westropp, N. M., Gill, T. K., Taylor, A. W., Bohannon, R. W., & Hill, C. L. (2011). Hand Grip Strength: Age and Gender Stratified Normative Data in a Population-Based Study . BMC research Notes , 1-5. McArdle, W. D., Katch, F. I., & Katch, V. L. (2010). Exercise Physiology (Seventh ed.). Baltimore, MD. Patterson, D. D., & Peterson, F. D. (2004). Vertical jump and Leg Power Norms For Young Adults. Measurement In Physical Education and Exercise Science , 33-41. Speed & Power Fitness Tests. (2014, December 3). Retrieved December 3, 2014, from http://www.topendsports.com/testing/anaerob.htm
- 30. Picture References: How FIT are you?…test yourself! (2012, February 9). Retrieved December 1, 2014. Muscle Strength. (2014, February 2). Retrieved November 26, 2014. Padilla, E. (2014, March 28). The Strength of Green. Retrieved November 25, 2014.